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… that Congress was debating a declaration of independence, a committee was drafting the Articles. Its purpose was to form … determined to protect states rights, created another one eighty years later.)   The first confederacy failed. Unable to tax, it struggled to raise money from the states to finance the Continental Army; after …

… Europe and the Soviet Union, made the future of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) uncertain. It was in this period of … history (347). Making use of Chinese-language biographies, official summaries of daily Party meetings, as well as … pragmatic, and authoritarian. The China of Deng's youth was one of chaos. Born in 1904, Deng saw the optimism of the …

… follows suit, lying as much to themselves as to everyone else. The historical record supports the series’ … the explosion. A plant employee at work, mid-1980s. In any complex system, accidents are inevitable, but the Soviet … that the lie of the RBMK’s safety became an unquestioned official truth. The series depicts the cost of these lies in …

… population had fallen to around 3 million, which was around one-tenth of its original population. Before the nineteenth … killed annually an estimated 400,000 people in Europe alone in the eighteenth century). Variolation involved … child as a man stands outside with a cow (from the Wellcome Trust). The term vaccination comes from variolae …

… For anyone who follows the American media’s treatment of Asia, … Beijing’s moves in the same direction when Bill Clinton visited China back in 1998. What remains to be seen is … American press corps will find a better way of handling the complex cultural dimensions of Vietnam’s re-engagement with …

… inspired by the World War II-era “Pinks-and-Greens.” As the official guidelines proudly proclaim : “The Army wore the … in meeting recruiting goals. Old and New Uniforms in Comparison: Modern-day reenactors (left and center) wearing … a plain olive drab uniform, officers had a choice of color combination. Since most opted for “pink” (officially Olive …

… remember that Adams’s defense of the Amistad slaves was but one moment in a larger and even more instructive story of … behavior. Did President Clinton do what Paula Corbin Jones alleges and he denies? For Adams, however, character … all, to effect mental, moral, and national improvement. Commitment to improvement of self and nation motivated …

… bilateral trade, illegal immigration, and joint efforts to combat drug trafficking. Political reform in Mexico should … when he first came to power. He went on to preside over one of the most corrupt governments in the nation’s history. … from a combination of patronage, fraud, and repression. PRI officials oversee a patronage network which includes most of …

… is why fewer than 600 people — the number of passengers on one Airbus 380 — have orbited the earth since 1961. Space travel cannot become cheap until the age of rocketry is replaced by an age … an insurance premium of 10 percent or more for a single one-way trip! Contrast that to the premium for your car …

… on Washington to protest the policies of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. Environmentalists will … reputation by ordering his men to attack their former comrades in arms with tear gas and riot weapons and burn … offered pledges of changed selves. A third shift was that official counts of attendance at the marches became so …

… “If our bombs are so ‘smart,’ how come they’re always hitting refugees, hospitals and … my initial enthusiasm for the air war. “So,” asserted one young woman who sports a counterculture image, … the American record during the Holocaust. “We should have done something earlier and not refused to accept boatloads of …

… partnership.” Those conciliatory words, however, were accompanied on both sides with qualifications, skepticism, and … nuclear ambitions, and the Obama administration conditioned any partnership on Iran taking steps to meet its … and to make Iran modern he sought support from American officials and advisors, encouraged American investment, …

… was his only advice, citing a famous and beloved Russian comedy about excessive drinking, Eldar Ryazanov’s 1975 film … tackled this subject – a cultural cliché, as he admits, but one that deserves a fulsome treatment – in honor of his … his book: from Russian politicians and state figures, from official statistics and the approximations of Western …

… Although he died more than 50 years ago, his life and work command more attention now than ever before. Many of his … Wilhelms Universitӓt, the former University of Berlin) alone suggested the heights to which he might ascend over the … in 1909 ( left ). Du Bois in his office at The Crisis , the official magazine of the NAACP ( right ) (The New York …

… U.S. Power, Humanitarianism, and the World’s Dispossessed comes at a time that many observers of U.S. domestic … often clashed with domestic political currents. Porter hones in on refugee aid as a major pillar of U.S. … public funds. Warren, however, recommended that immigration officials accept affidavits of financial sponsorship from …

… to argue that "principled pragmatism, the ability to compromise while maintaining core principles, is essential … men and the character traits that defined them. Chapter One examines Richard Nixon and the complex story of a man … (37). Critchlow next looks at Nelson Rockefeller, the one man among the four never nominated for the presidency. …

… we will recover from Sept. 11. In making such decisions, officials such as Giuliani will purport to speak for the … from new opportunities. But the patriotic fervor that accompanied wartime mobilization meant that unions were … Trade Center struggle to learn the fates of their loved ones, who were a key part of the economy servicing this …

… the French Duke of Normandy. It is a reminder that the complicated, ambivalent, and sometimes hostile relationship … heir, which motivated several claimants to the English throne to begin a struggle for succession. The Anglo-Saxon … Anglo-Saxon soldiers. Was William’s claim to the English throne legitimate? In the eleventh century, both the Christian …

… that the Arab-Israeli conflict is a singularly intractable one. The current struggle between Israel and Hezbollah is … 58-year-long war between Israel and its Arab neighbors that commenced in 1948 when the state of Israel was proclaimed. … lines earthquakes are likely to occur, and nothing can be done to prevent them. For 2,500 years the world’s greatest …

… bulk of the population. The system foiled all potential opponents through brutality, patronage and corruption. The … as the sole arbiter of labor and political issues. The concomitant opening of the markets hurt several domestic giants … its first peaceful turnover of power from elected officials of one party to their opponents. Thomas Jefferson …

… iconographer, Arthur Schlesinger, Jr., that he hopes someone is busy getting it all down. The hint was vintage … to employ Schlesinger, the historian who had already done wonders for Jackson and FDR.   Of all the recent … himself. Which won’t be so bad. Obama’s already an accomplished memoirist. He evidently prefers to be his own …

… the idea of white purity by defining blacks as having one-sixteenth or more ‘negro blood’ and indigenous peoples … Epileptics and Feebleminded , where her foster family abandoned her when she became pregnant as a result of rape. For Buck’s foster family and the doctors who recommended sterilization, a pregnancy out of wedlock was one …