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U.S. soldiers in Iraq in 2007.

Nation-Building Demands Heavy Lifting

… of U.S. soldiers at risk and imperiled America’s long-term national security. Three principles are essential for the … followed for peace-building operations is respect for international opinion. In postwar Germany and Japan, the people … strength in a way that promotes freedom.” Since America’s national security depends on the good will of other nations, …
Cover of The Collapse: The Accidental Opening of the Berlin Wall by Mary Elise Sarotte.

…And the Walls Came Tumbling Down: A History of Contingency and Happenstance

Review of The Collapse: The Accidental Opening of the Berlin Wall, by Mary Elise Sarotte New York: Basic Books, 2014.
… socialism—and, more importantly, between peoples of shared nationality—became irrevocably porous. But the events of … GDR under close scrutiny from the Western powers and the Soviet Union—whose guarantee of East German compliance also meant … Diplomacy/International Relations …
An artist's rendering of the Tunguska event

The 1908 Tunguska Event and the Threats of Tomorrow

… (in Siberia), on a date that would come to be known as International Asteroid Day . Map showing the location of the … killed some of those involved, including Kulik himself. A Soviet postal stamp from 1958 with Leonid Kulik's portrait … and even more speculation. Scientists in the Soviet Union and abroad began to ponder whether Tunguska could have …

Learning to Love the Nuclear Pariah: From China to North Korea

… recognize, imperils America’s position in the Asia-Pacific. National security officials weigh their options: to pass … of State John Foster Dulles had sought to deter Sino-Soviet adventures cheaply by threatening immediate … the shelling had started. The second time, the Soviet Union, whose nuclear umbrella stretched over China, opted to …
Soviet Union soldier holding a Soviet flag in the air

Stalingrad: The Turning Point of WWII in Europe

In August 1942, the most famous battle of the Second World War began.
… the gargantuan struggle at Stalingrad between the Nazi and Soviet armies. Over 1.8 million became casualties. More Soviet soldiers died in the five-month battle than Americans … Soviet Union
Emergency servicemen and volunteers remove rubble and demine territory after Russian shelling, Kyiv, Oblast, 2022.

Ukrainian Architecture at War

… of Ukrainian architects, there is a growing international recognition and appreciation for Ukrainian … buildings built by Ukrainian architects during the Soviet era. For example, the impressive Derzhprom building … of Ukraine’s identity and heritage, not only part of its “Soviet” history. How are Ukrainian architects responding to …
Seal of the University of California.

How Does a Nation Protect Itself in Wartime?

… mail, magazines and movies. In 1917, Wilson authorized the National Guard to protect dams, bridges, trains, telephone … Bush halted air traffic briefly and announced that the National Guard will provide additional airport security. But federal buildings, national monuments and much of the nation’s infrastructure …
Aftermath of the al-Qaida bombing at the U.S. Embassy in Tanzania in 1998.

When America Was Considered a Rogue Nation

… And just as President Bush seeks an anti-terrorist international coalition today, so there were international alliances against U.S. filibusters in the 1850s. … just the opposite was true. It was hardly in the national interest to foster filibustering, which brought the …
U.S. National Archives building

New Laws Needed to Stop Bullying of National Archives

… portions that he donated to libraries administered by the National Archives. Archivists often waited for controversies … to block disclosures from their files. She said the National Archives has the final say on what is opened from … Those laws permit a former President to review what the National Archives proposes to open and to file claims …
The theatrical poster for Birth of a Nation.

3/25/2015: At the Movies: "Birth of a Nation" After 100 Years

… considerable electoral success at the local, state and even national levels. In the book and movie, however, black … while “helpless whites look on,” frozen in horror. Even Union soldiers in the film are shown recognizing the threat …
Allen Weinstein

Will They Be the National (Secret) Archives?

… Allen Weinstein. Weinstein is author of two books on Soviet espionage in the United States and until recently … battle over White House secrecy, this time focused on the National Archives. Most people know the National Archives … release to other scholars his interviews and his copies of Soviet espionage documents. That violates the American …
anti-communists and nationalists place a Hungarian national flag atop a demolished statue of Josef Stalin

The 1956 Hungarian Revolution

The date, October 23, 1956, marked the beginning of the ill-fated revolution that ended with the re-imposition of Communist rule and the flight of some 200,000 Hungarians to Western Europe and the United States.
Soviet Union
resident Harry Truman, left, congratulates Gen. George Marshall (architect of the Marshall Plan) , Fair Use via AP

The Marshall Plan

The Marshall Plan, signed into law by President Harry Truman on April 3, 1948, was intended to revive the economies of war-torn Western Europe.
… Diplomacy/International Relations … Soviet Union
In this 1919 caricature, Ukrainians are surrounded by a Bolshevik (to the north, man with hat and red star), a Russian White Army soldier (to the east, with Russian eagle flag and a short whip), and to the west a Polish soldier, a Hungarian (in pink uniform) and two Romanian soldiers. Wikimedia Commons  https://theconversation.com/ukraine-as-a-borderland-a-brief-history-of-ukraines-place-between-europe-and-russia-178168

Ukraine in War and Revolution

The decade of war and revolution between 1914 and 1924 is critical for understanding both Russian and Ukrainian statehood up to the present day.
… Former Soviet Union
view of the site of the explosion in Tunguska

The Tunguska Mystery Explosion

On June 30, 1908, a massive mysterious explosion of a cosmic body shook the skies of Tunguska (in Siberia), on a date that would come to be known as International Asteroid Day.
… (in Siberia), on a date that would come to be known as International Asteroid Day. But was it an asteroid? Andy Bruno … (in Siberia), on a date that would come to be known as International Asteroid Day. … Soviet Union
Pioneers Palace in Kiev, Ukraine

Ukrainian Architecture at War

Architecture is a way of understanding the world: recording its history, sharing its culture, and connecting with people.
… Former Soviet Union

Canada’s Dark Side: Indigenous Peoples and Canada’s 150th Celebration

… the tepee to listen to their concerns even as the official national celebrations commemorating that history—which had … Truth and Reconciliation Commission (2008-2015), and the National Inquiry into Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women … foreign nations, no standing army, no national flag or anthem, and no power to amend its own constitution. An 1884 …
Wrangell-St Elias Natl Park by CheWei Chang, Flickr, CC BY-ND 2.0

America’s National Parks: 10 Moments of Insight

When you “pair the intellect with emotion and place,” what often results is a moment of insight: an unexpected instance where you suddenly understand something deeper about history, about nature, about others, about yourself.
… us bring different sets of values and expectations to our national park experiences.  (Author’s Note, November 2023: … central role in creating the Gateway Arch at Jefferson National Expansion Memorial.  In 2018, the Memorial was redesignated as Gateway Arch National  Park .  As part of the relaunch, the park’s …
The Lorraine Motel

Putting Race on Display: The National Civil Rights Museum

… Shaw and Hasan Jeffries about their work renovating the National Civil Rights Museum in Memphis . “It really is a … the finishing touches were completed on the redesign of the National Civil Rights Museum in Memphis, Tennessee. Its … collection held there. Moreover, the reopening had garnered national attention and acclaim.   Patrick Potyondy   …

The UN, the WHO, and the Future of U.S. Diplomacy

… also reflected a polarizing approach to American internationalism that remains popular with a large segment of the … of the "big four," the United States, Great Britain, the Soviet Union, and China are in the top row, while the other allies … Global/Transnational