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President Lyndon B. Johnson in 1967.

How to Intervene and Get Out

… little inspiration from the past, especially from the shopworn Vietnam analogy. That war haunts both supporters … the Dominican capital, to stop what it believed was a communist insurgency there. The action was heavily … for the aftermath than many said were needed. U.S. soldiers soon spread themselves too thin. It took them more …
The theatrical poster for Birth of a Nation.

3/25/2015: At the Movies: "Birth of a Nation" After 100 Years

… One hundred years ago this month, American movie-going audiences experienced a cinematic spectacular : D. W. … “helpless whites look on,” frozen in horror. Even Union soldiers in the film are shown recognizing the threat of the …
Mourning banners hung at the south gate of Beijing university in the aftermath of the 1989 June 4th incident in Beijing

Survivor: the Chinese Communist Party

… foreign observers predicted that the days of the Chinese Communist Party were numbered. And yet, as we mark the 18th … and Yugoslavia's free-fall into chaos benefited the Chinese Communists. These phenomena allowed the party to say to the Chinese people, in effect: "You may be sick of Communism, but there seems to be something worse out there — …
President Kennedy surrounded by cameramen after signing the Cuba Quarantine Order on October 23, 1962.

How Bush Might Have Profited from Kennedy’s Example

… in the quality of American presidential leadership than comparison of John F. Kennedy’s handling of the Cuban … succeeded, Bush has failed. To avert nuclear exchanges, JFK compromised and limited their likelihood. To eliminate … security. Kennedy’s caution matched his resolve. He had irrefutable proof of missiles in Cuba before deploying troops to …
"Gay Liberation" by George Segal

Stonewall and the Unfinished Gay Revolution

… an uprising at New York’s Stonewall Inn. The event has become iconic in popular memory as the spark for a new radical … Stonewall’s wake, a Gay Liberation movement galvanized gay communities nationwide and its anniversary has become a cultural touchstone, as LGBT communities across the …
Woodrow Wilson in 1911.

The Peril of Absolute Power

… of “a general association of nations,” what would become the League of Nations, to adjudicate international … Cold War — but only recently have we abandoned a broader commitment to a world governed by law instead of force. … the opportunity to revive the best in our tradition and recommit ourselves to those principles and ideals that once …
Cover of Civilizations of Ancient Iraq, by Benjamin R. Foster and Karen Polinger Foster.

Babylon Revisited

Review of Civilizations of Ancient Iraq, by Benjamin R. Foster and Karen Polinger Foster (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2009. pp. xii, 297)
… some ten thousand years ago to the seventh century of the common era. They tell the stories of successive … known to us) with nearly 1,900 characters utilized for communication. Here, too, the first art-historical … 883-859) provides the first evidence we have for the pork dietary proscription in this region of the world. Among its …
The Eve of Destruction: How 1965 Transformed America, by James T. Patterson Book Cover.

Capturing a Moment

Review of The Eve of Destruction: How 1965 Transformed America, by James T. Patterson (New York: Basic Books, 2012)
… my professor is onto something. Patterson shares with other commentators the feeling that 1965 was a “pivot” or a … that they were distracted by televised sports and Christmas shopping. At the height of his popularity in early 1965, … options: looking soft on communism or sending Americans to die. Patterson emphasizes the feasibility of Johnson’s …
The Reception of Lord Byron at Missolonghi painting by Theodoros Vryzakis.

An Historic Question: Over There or Over Here?

… to take action against Iraq should that nation fail to comply with UN arms inspectors, one arresting question … fight for freedom. By 1824 American citizens had become involved. The American “Hellenes” began to hold public … freedom in a global struggle with the Soviet Union and its Communist allies. Both the Soviet Union and America’s …
The statue of Saddam Hussein topples in Baghdad's Firdos Square on April 9, 2003.

Breaking the Trust: Relation Tensions Between Iraq and the US

Grade Level
9-12
Teaching Area
World History since 1500
US History since 1877
American Government
War & Peace
… with Christian missionaries following the arrival of oil companies in the early 20th century. The article continues … and Iraqi governments. For this lesson, students will complete a document-based question activity in small groups. … assess their learning with a check for understanding. Once completed with the assessment, the students will continue …
Polin Museum

A Postcard from Warsaw, Poland: POLIN Museum of the History of Polish Jews

… in Polish-Jewish history. After years of controversies and compromises, the final product represents the dedicated … Kirshenblatt-Gimblett, a professor of performance studies at New York University, who was appointed to as the … flourished for centuries and that it did not completely die after 1945. The Museum is part of the larger, historical …
Cover of Robert Clifton Weaver and the American City The Life and Times of an Urban Reformer by Wendell E. Pritchett.

Invisible Man

Review of Robert Clifton Weaver and the American City: The Life and Times of an Urban Reformer , by Wendell E. Pritchett (University of Chicago Press, 2008)
… the idea of a color-blind America. Media pundits and social commentators nationwide claimed that Obama's election … success. History, however, might prove otherwise.  As we come to the end of the first decade of the twenty-first … meaningful change both in Weaver's lifetime and the future.  It is often one of the problems with writing …
President George W. Bush sitting at his desk in 2001.

Social Security: False Crisis, Destructive Solutions

… the real value of benefits, and indexed them against future inflation. In so doing, Social Security served to … Association of Realtors, the largest political action committee, as measured by direct contributions to federal … the crisis,” Bush repeated his forecast about the dismal future of the system. By 2018, he argued, the system will …
American Flag with 15 stars

Best in History Online: The Washington Post's "Made By History"

… fantastic history sites from around the web. These are websites that – much like Origins – seek to bring history … the section is to show what historians do. The page aims to combat the tendency to use history as "a tool to advance … . You can find contributions to Made by History on their website and learn about the project on their welcome page . …
The United States Army Drill Team.

Should the Military Take Charge in Emergencies?

… of the military later found expression in the Posse Comitatus law of 1878, still in force. Archaic as the title … framers of the U.S. Constitution remembered how British soldiers served as police in 1770. Untrained in police work, the soldiers lost their discipline and fired into a crowd in an …
San Francisco frae the Marin Heidlands, with the Gowden Gate Brig in the foregroond.

The Real West Is an Urban West

… of power westward in the twentieth century, and control the future of the region–and in large part the nation–in the … sprawling suburbs on the Colorado plains, and multi-ethnic communities in Los Angeles, perhaps ending up with a latte … Professor in the Nohad A. Toulan School of Urban studies & Planning at Portland State University, Ore., and a …
Cover of 1948: A History of the First Arab-Israeli War by Benny Morris.

The Battle For 1948

Review of 1948: A History of the First Arab-Israeli War, by Benny Morris (Yale University Press, 2008)
… this new generation of Israeli scholars. This controversy – combined with his scholarship, popular writings, and … the war, ethnic cleansing became a matter of military expediency according to Morris. Morris thus disagrees with his … preceding pages. In addition to the arguments regarding the comparative military advantages of the Jewish population …
Port of Buenos Aires

Cholera and Argentina: Insights for COVID-19

… G. Castagnola depicting the disposal of cholera victims' bodies in Palermo, Italy. In a succession of pandemics that … began in 1817 and continue to this day, cholera ravaged communities and strained political and economic orders … and provinces came together to establish protocols for future epidemics. These debates over public health, …
Arnold Schwarzenegger and Maria Shriver in 2007.

An Immigrant in the White House? But Will It Be Arnold?

… they should be careful what they wish for. In order to become president of the United States, the Constitution … Hamilton never became president; his clause essentially died with him when he was shot in a duel in 1803. But the … National Philadelphia” and director of American Culture Studies at Bowling Green State University. …
Chris Anderson asks: "Will you run again?" Gore replies, "Ohh, you aren't going to get me on this one!"

But Gore Did Help Invent the Internet

… When Al Gore allegedly claimed he invented the Internet, comedians, political  pundits and Republicans had a field … optic network, along with the servers, software and other components of what became the Internet, didn't differ from … Try to imagine the history of the space program without the commitment of President John F. Kennedy to send men to the …
Rep Joe WIlson fan club with a poster that reads, "You lie!"

Brooks to Thurmond to Wilson

… standard-bearer for South Carolina. Among his many accomplishments, Thurmond holds the record for conducting the … one is hard pressed to think of another politician who combines self-indulgence with sanctimoniousness in such … took a particular kind of moral and political courage.   By comparison, Joe Wilson’s outburst seems pretty timid. …
Cover of Space Travel, November 1958

Gingrich and Romney: Right and Wrong on Space Travel

… — have orbited the earth since 1961. Space travel cannot become cheap until the age of rocketry is replaced by an age … only child of the 1950s and ‘60s who expected a dazzling future in space exploration. But that future never arrived. Where are the orbiting hotels, bases …
General Idi Amin in August, 1973.

Idi Amin's Coup d’État, Uganda 1971

… When Idi Amin, commander of the Ugandan Army, seized power in Uganda on 25 … seizure of power by a supposedly apolitical professional soldier. However, neither patriotism nor altruism motivated … appallingly clear. He carried out bloody purges of soldiers from rival ethnic groups, while his brutal security …