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Sacred Gods at Puʻuhonua o Hōnaunau National Historical Park

A Postcard from the Puʻuhonua o Hōnaunau National Historical Park, Hawai‘i

… , or Hawaiian ruling class. Children, the elderly, and non-combatants could also find peace and shelter within a … of Hawaiʻi’s royal family—purchased the land that would become Puʻuhonua o Hōnaunau National Historic Park that year … projects. The Park Service worked with the local community to restore the Pā Puʻuhonua and reconstruct the …
Cartoon - Bosses of the Senate by Joseph Keppler

Voting Restrictions in a “Democratic” United States

Grade Level
4-8
Teaching Area
US History to 1877
US History since 1877
African American History
American Government
… This lesson is for 8 th grade student who have completed their units on the Civil War and Reconstruction. … founded on democratic principles.  Files for download: Buying-American-Elections-Lesson-Plan.pdf   …
The Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks' declaration from Flag Day 1919 that forbade membership in the organization to anarchists, Industrial Workers of the World, Bolsheviks, and other organizations perceived as unpatriotic.

Sanitizing American Tradition

Review of Inventing American Tradition: From the Mayflower to Cinco de Mayo, by Jack David Eller (London: Reaktion Books, 2018)
… this Thanksgiving break, I took advantage of my captive audience to rehearse the impressions I was forming of the book … as a jingoistic celebration of the flag. Perhaps the most compelling stories Eller tells come in the political and holiday tradition sections of the …
German and Indian troops as part of the international coalition to put down the Boxer Rebellion

History Shadows U.S.-China Relations

… Prime Minister’s plan to visit a shrine honoring soldiers who died for his country during World War II has inflamed … of more than $30 million (then an astronomical amount) as compensation to foreign powers for the damage caused by the …
Hiroshima atomic bomb crew before the flight of Enola Gay.

Not Everyone Wanted to Bomb Hiroshima

… of nuclear weapons. Paul W. Tibbets Jr., retired brigadier general and former businessman, died on Nov. 1. He'll forever be remembered for what he … the first to use it, we had adopted an ethical standard common to the barbarians of the Dark Ages. I was not taught …
Black and white image of an empty classroom

12/24/2014: Teaching Race in the Classroom

… and as troubling news about the country’s racial divides comes front and center, we’ll talk about how teachers can engage and inform." [Podcast description from WOSU's website ]   More of  Hasan Kwame Jeffries  work with  …
Putin and Trump meeting

Twitter Cold War

Grade Level
9-12
Teaching Area
World History since 1500
US History since 1877
Science & Technology
War & Peace
… and Russia. It uses the Origins article “The collapse of communist governments in Eastern Europe and the USSR brought … the Ohio American History standard, “The collapse of communist governments in Eastern Europe and the USSR brought … that the Cold War never really ended and is in fact becoming more heated. This lesson is designed for a classroom …
man standing my large container of fish with ocean and mountains in background

It’s the Factors of Life: Abiotic and Biotic Factors of Biomes

Grade Level
4-8
Teaching Area
Science & Technology
… ideas; once the brainstorm time is over, the class will come together to observe the similar ideas students came up with. This leads students into the Comparison Activity where they will be comparing known … using Ohio Department of Natural Resources and Ohio History websites. To conclude the lesson, students will answer …
1911 portrait of King George V, ruler of the British Empire.

The Risks of Unilateralism

… of unilateralist action is to invite lesser powers to combine to neutralize it.   Therefore, the United States … and unprepared for others' attacks on them; then would come a call for reinforcements. Customarily victory would …   Similarly, the United States will find the extended commitments of its War on Terrorism expensive in both money …
A woman voting in the early 20th century.

Could We Postpone the Election — Even If We Wanted To?

… During the last four weeks, the Election Assistance Commission, the Justice Department and the Department of … to demonstrate that state or local officials no longer were competent to oversee elections. Yet four years later, little … should begin preparing for the 2006 elections. A bipartisan commission to handle the task would remove concerns that an …
soldiers patrolling in Iraq

The U.S. Invasion of Iraq, 10 Years Later

… the country at the cost of approximately 155 U.S. soldiers killed. Yet, despite this initial military success, … with a willful misleading of the public, and a war that committed a democratic nation’s armed forces to a … In the coming years, another photograph of a U.S. soldier, Lynndie England, giving a thumbs-up of her own next to …
Cover of the Measure of Earth The Enlightenment Expedition That Reshaped Our World by Larrie D. Ferreiro

Figuring Out the Shape of the World

Review of Measure of the Earth: The Enlightenment Expedition That Reshaped Our World, by Larrie D. Ferreiro (New York: Basic Books, 2011)
… one requiring an almost obsessive attention to detail, a commitment to exacting measurements, and above all a patient … to measure accurately a degree of latitude at the equator. Comparing it with another measurement of latitude made in … of adventurers, officers, and scientists were assembled to complete a task intended to take only three years. Instead, …
ELAS Guerrillas, 1943

The Greek Civil War, 1946–1949

… If eight percent of the population of seven million had died or been killed during WWII , the Greek civil war (GCW) … coups d’état and dozens of governments. Although Greek communists had been a serious threat to all Greece’s … built on it decimated. The period of Greek civil strife is commonly divided into three “rounds”. The first one began in …
Nationalist poster depicting Pakistani atrocities during the war

The Bangladesh Liberation War

… South Asia’s geopolitical landscape, it also bears a more complex and lesser-known set of legacies for how we think … murder and deportation of the populace—the army of Pakistan committed war crimes that reached the level of genocide. … of a Congressional sanction. The U.S., in other words, was complicit in an unfolding humanitarian crisis of astounding …
President James A. Garfield

The Assassination of President Garfield

… As the president made his way to the train, chatting companionably with Secretary of State James G. Blaine, a man … body for two and half months. Surrounded by his family, he died on September 19, 1881, plunging the entire nation into … ballot, Congressman and Senator-Elect Garfield emerged as a compromise candidate, ultimately winning the nomination on …
Refugee tents in Piraeus port.

A Postcard from a Piraeus Refugee Camp

… one day after the author's arrival. ( United Nation High Commissioner for Refugees ) We came to Greece with only a … measures imposed on Greece by Europe's central monetary bodies . A pro-refugee banner from Piraeus. (Photo by author) … to know refugees as individuals. Abdul, for example, had studied civil engineering at university in Afghanistan , and …
Cover of The Blue Tattoo: The Life of Olive Oatman by Margot Mifflin.

Taking it on the Chin

Review of The Blue Tattoo: The Life of Olive Oatman, by Margot Mifflin (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2009)
… Yavapais sold them to the Mohaves a year later.  Mary Ann died of an unknown illness exacerbated by famine while with … autobiography, letters with family, and anthropological studies of the native tribes she lived with.    Mifflin is … Olive remade herself into a proper Victorian lady, complete with a child (the couple adopted) and a beautiful …
Seal of the University of California.

How Does a Nation Protect Itself in Wartime?

… to act decisively, during World War I President Wilson took command of telegraph and telephone systems, issued executive … Patriotic citizens assembled armed patrols to guard their communities. What is proposed now is a shadow of those … everyone was suspect. Wilson’s administration created a Committee on Public Information, a propaganda agency that …
Oppenheimer: The Tragic Intellect, by Charles Thorpe Book Cover

Oppenheimer: The Tragic Intellect

Review of Oppenheimer: The Tragic Intellect, by Charles Thorpe (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2006)
… I am become death, the shatterer of worlds. J. Robert Oppenheimer … Department of Sociology and interdisciplinary Science Studies at the University of California, San Diego and is currently a lecturer in science and technology …