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Yearning to Breathe Free: The American Immigration Story

… American immigration policy has always toggled back and forth between seeking immigrant labor and restricting entry … they simply never made enough to do so. “Many Chinamen have come; few have returned. Why is this?” representatives of … U.S. immigration document. Upon his return from a temporary visit to China in 1895, Wong was denied re-entry to San …

The Other Half of the African Sky: Women’s Struggles in Zimbabwe

… Mugabe has dominated Zimbabwean politics since 1980, having come to power on a wave of popular support developed during … sexual services on demand. In military camps where gender divisions were largely suspended, many Zimbabwean women … The Political Ends of Human Rights Awards WOZA's second visit to Washington in November 2009 was more than just …
Miklós Horthy, Hungarian regent, and Adolf Hitler in 1938.

Hitler’s Gamble with Destiny, 1941

… Hitler created the opposite of what he intended to accomplish by invading the Soviet Union. Instead of destroying … the United States. In the new world Hitler’s destructive efforts had created, there were only two major powers, the … Briar College in Virginia and is a writer for the History News Service. …
Lindh photographed after being transported to Camp Rhino.

Walker’s Misguided — But No Traitor

… Walker Lindh, the young American recently captured fighting for the Taliban, pushes to the fore the meaning of treason. … as taking up arms against the government or giving aid and comfort to its enemies. The offense is extremely serious and … historian in Houston and a writer for the History News Service. …
An orientalist nineteenth century Russian view of Samarkand in the time of Timur.

A Castilian in Samarkand, 1404

… man who Europeans called Tamurlane. If possible, he was to forge a peace treaty with the world-conqueror, whose sack of … noted that work on the largest mosque in the city had been completed just before his arrival, but Timur ordered its … here to Hajji Muhammad al-Qazi, a Chagatai courtier who had visited the court of Castile in Toledo several years …

The Hajj and Europe

… and oldest gatherings of people in the world. Pilgrims perform the hajj over three days during the last month of the … safety, and how much states should subsidize the ritual—is complicated. In many countries, demand for hajj visas … Muslim immigration to Western Europe and the fall of communism in the east have caused Europe’s Muslim …
Nuuk, Greenland skyline with the aurora borealis.

Greenland Fantasies

… A good starting point for those seeking to better understand Greenland is Niviaq … parties, struggle with their sexuality, track “likes” and “comments” on Facebook, experience domestic abuse, and dream … of telephone eventually played by writers who had never visited Greenland, reports through the centuries grew more …
A 1939 reconstruction of the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi.

The Treaty of Waitangi

… free consent of over 500 rangatira (chiefs) and the tribal communities they represented. A 1939 reconstruction of the … national day, Waitangi Day now needs to serve as a symbol for all these different communities. In contrast with many … the treaty was either irrelevant or an embarrassment. These divisions are as old as the Treaty of Waitangi itself. The …

Treating the Symptoms: Northern Ireland’s Incomplete Peace

… that, 17 years after its inception, remains stubbornly incomplete. On the positive side, the Belfast Agreement … Portrait of Henry VIII by Hans Holbein, circa 1540. This division made choice of religion a de facto political … he allowed Sinn Fein president Gerry Adams (below right) to visit the United States to build support and raise funds. …
President Richard Nixon

Republican Character

Review of Republican Character: From Nixon to Reagan, by Donald T. Critchlow (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2018)
… to argue that "principled pragmatism, the ability to compromise while maintaining core principles, is essential … character is temperamentally better than the last's. This format is essential, as Critchlow maintains that "Nixon, … Nixon and Rockefeller Compared." These men were "political rivals driven more by ambition and the desire for power than …
A protest for nuclear disarmament

We Cannot Afford to Neglect Nuclear Disarmament

… Russia’s plans for new nuclear weapons should serve as a wake-up call forfor new nuclear weaponry. The U.S. refusal to sign the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty to eliminate nuclear test … also exists in South Asia with nuclear weapons owned by rivals India and Pakistan. We must not forget China and its …
Moskvitch 3 vehicles roll off the assembly line at JSC Moscow Automobile Plant Moskvitch, 2022.

Sanctions on Russia: Impact and Efficacy

… damaging sanctions against the Russian state, its companies, and its citizens. The sanctions were intended to … and inflict such a high economic cost that it could not afford to continue the war.  As the war grinds on, Russia’s … origin have come at a cost. Kommersant , a major Russian newspaper, reported in late 2022 that defective microchips …
Mr. Ernesto Zedillo, Chair GDN Board of Directors, kicks off the 10th annual GDN conference.

Broken Promises in Mexico

… Clinton will soon be traveling south of the Rio Grande for a summit with his Mexican counterpart Ernesto Zedillo. … bilateral trade, illegal immigration, and joint efforts to combat drug trafficking. Political reform in Mexico should … harsh realities of Mexican politics during his upcoming visit.  To champion President Zedillo as an agent of change, …
This painting, which dates from 1859, reimagines the toppling of the equestrian statue of George III in New York City. Erected in 1770, the statue featured the regent garbed in Roman military regalia on horseback, in the fashion of Marcus Aurelius. It is doubtful that Native Americans, women and children were in attendance at this episode of iconoclasm by the Sons of Liberty.

Ten Memorable Monument Takedowns in History

… remembered. The toppling of statues has occurred for the same reasons they were erected in the first place: … that of Nero’s by Vitellius. Damnatio memoriae was most common after regime change. Note however, that the names of … Iconoclasm was outlawed. The restoration of icons is commemorated today as the “Feast of Orthodoxy.” 3. A Papal …
Ellis Island, New York City.

Hiding Behind Reform

… a group calling itself ProjectUSA has caused a stir in California, Minnesota, North Carolina and South Carolina by … between present-day immigration and the flood of newcomers who came in the past. ProjectUSA’s website is … all options, including reducing the annual total of new arrivals. Debate, however, must be open and honest if it is to …
Waiting for a Chinook, by C.M. Russell. Overgrazing and harsh winters were factors that brought an end to the age of the Open Range.

Dot-Coms and the Great Cattle Die-Off

… in years! All you have to do is sit back and wait for the profits to roll in! And so a throng of investors … reward for reasonable risk. We're talking about the dot-com industries of the '90s, aren't we? Not this time. We're … Stock Growers Association offered sumptuous facilities to visiting owners, much as dot-com owners living on venture …
members of the Tea Party holding signs

The Great American Debate Recommences

… that Congress was debating a declaration of independence, a committee was drafting the Articles. Its purpose was to form a new government, which it called the United States of … it recommence! Louise W. Knight, who writes for the History News Service, is the author of "Jane Addams, Citizen: Jane …
Lyndon Johnson greets American troops in Vietnam 1966.

A Curtain Call for the Domino Theory?

News leaked recently that President Obama had called a group … troops to Afghanistan? Most likely.   Experts will argue forever about whether the Vietnam War was a lost cause. But … Presidents Eisenhower and Kennedy. If Vietnam fell to the Communists, they argued, so too would the rest of Asia. …
Detail of an 8th-century silk painting depicting Wu Zeitan.

Wu Zetian: The Only Woman Emperor in Chinese History

… Her official given name was Zhao, a character she created for herself, meaning “the sun, moon, and the sky.” Her … the Sui and established the Tang dynasty. He rose to become Minister of Works, giving Wu Zetian an early taste of … mourning his late empress, paid little mind to the new arrivals. Everything changed in 649. As Taizong grew gravely …
illustration of Prince George IV

Unspoken Anxiety or Vivid Metaphor?

Review of Itch, Clap, Pox: Venereal Disease in the Eighteenth-Century Imagination, by Noelle Gallagher (New Haven: Yale, 2019)
… (syphilis), artists explored social phenomena including commercialization, globalization, gender, race, and class. … chapters: “Officers and Gentlemen,” “Pox and Prostitution,” Foreigners,” and “A Chapter of Noses.” Each of these … was not associated with enemies, but with allies and rivals who influenced and infiltrated British society with …

The Kids Aren’t Alright: The Policymaking of Student Loan Policy

… took out a student loan, averaging over $5,000 a year. Therefore, around 10 million people took out student loans last … to the cost saving measures of the FDLP, especially when compared to the money funneled to private banks through … began student loans 70 years ago. It also represents the latest attempt to pay for democratizing higher education and …
2009 Tour de France winner, Alberto Contador, wearing the yellow jersey on June 26, 2009.

The Tour de France and the Yellow Jersey

… in the world. Held over the course of 23 days, this race for male cyclists features 21 stages that demand its … cyclists might wear the yellow jersey during the three-week competition, only one will ultimately win it. Cover of the … Paris. The Tour began in 1903 as the creation of the sports newspaper L’Auto . Editors of the paper believed that by …
Emperor Hirohito of Japan in 1971.

Playing Fast and Loose with Historical Analogies

… was the reinterpretation of the 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis. Comparing President Kennedy’s action and President Bush’s … missiles, and he resisted the advice of the military to use force. Neither can be said of Bush’s current plans to attack … Briar College in Virginia and is a writer for the History News Service. …