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Soldiers at the Battle of Stalingrad

Stalingrad at 75, the Turning Point of World War II in Europe

… of the Second World War began. More than four million combatants fought in the gargantuan struggle at Stalingrad … armies. Over 1.8 million became casualties. More Soviet soldiers died in the five-month battle than Americans in the entire …
Joseph Stalin

Dismantling a Legacy: The Last Days of Stalin

Review of The Last Days of Stalin, by Joshua Rubenstein (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2015)
… he was dead. The implication was clear—although Stalin had died, his influence would be keenly felt in the Soviet … pardoned or remitted the sentences of prisoners whom had committed minor offenses. As they worked to dismantle … narrow” for the United States and the Soviet Union to come out on the other side with a better relationship, …
Portrait of Neville Chamberlain, who was the Prime Minister of United Kingdom during the early months of World War II.

Lessons of Munich

… Neville Chamberlain and French Prime Minister Edouard Daladier met in Munich with German and Italian dictators Adolf … countries agreed to hold an international conference on the future of Palestine — with one word: “Munich.” But Bush and … really premeditated collusion with the dictators to fight communism elsewhere. Had they carefully examined the …
An allotment delegation approaches the Nez Perce

The Dawes Act

The 1887 passage of the Dawes Act upended this system of communal land ownership and, in doing so, struck a historic blow at Native Americans’ political rights, economic sufficiency, and cultural heritage.
… the United States owned their reservation lands as a community: families could settle, plant their crops, and own … but the land itself belonged to the entire nation for future generations’ use. The 1887 passage of the Dawes Act upended this system of communal land ownership and, in doing so, struck a historic …
This painting, which dates from 1859, reimagines the toppling of the equestrian statue of George III in New York City. Erected in 1770, the statue featured the regent garbed in Roman military regalia on horseback, in the fashion of Marcus Aurelius. It is doubtful that Native Americans, women and children were in attendance at this episode of iconoclasm by the Sons of Liberty.

Ten Memorable Monument Takedowns in History

… a society’s identity, and, consequently, its political future. Victors often erect monuments memorializing the … that of Nero’s by Vitellius. Damnatio memoriae was most common after regime change. Note however, that the names of … Iconoclasm was outlawed. The restoration of icons is commemorated today as the “Feast of Orthodoxy.” 3. A Papal …
Martin Luther King, Jr., at Civil Right March on Washington

Exploring the Legacy of MLK’s “I Have a Dream” Speech

If Martin Luther King, Jr. were alive today, do you think he would believe that “his dream” had been achieved? Why or why not?
Grade Level
9-12
9
10
11
12
Teaching Area
US History since 1877
African American History
… Students will gather information using the Origins website to help facilitate a Socratic-style discussion that … The lesson can be done in the classroom or adapted and completed online. …

Singapore at Fifty

Grade Level
4-8
Teaching Area
World History since 1500
… This lesson is designed to develop students’ abilities to comprehend, synthesize, and analyze a complex text. Students will identify and define key … and in the closing of the lesson, students will predict the future of Singapore in the form of an exit slip. Questions …
STS-116 mission specialists, NASA astronaut Robert Curbeam and ESA astronaut Christer Fuglesang perform extravehicular activity (EVA) during construction of the International Space Station.

Facing Opportunities and Obstacles in Space

… President Obama’s plans for the future of America’s civilian space programs,, outlined in … the development of new technologies to reduce the cost and complexity of operating in space.   These proposals, … are rockets infallible: Insurance rates for the launch of a communications satellite can be 10 to 15 percent of its …
Vicente Fox Quesada

Will Fox be a Mexican Jefferson?

… So why the change now? January 1, 1994 is the date future history books will designate as the beginning of the … as the sole arbiter of labor and political issues. The concomitant opening of the markets hurt several domestic giants in the oil and telecommunication sections. The increased mobility of skilled …
bus with sign on side reading Soybean Powered, This bus runs on soybean bio-diesel

The Bottom of the Barrel: The Long Transition of Energy in America

Grade Level
9-12
Teaching Area
World History since 1500
US History since 1877
Science & Technology
… raw materials drastically decreasing. The students will become aware of the possibility that they will experience a future with little to no fossil fuels, thus needing a … to guide their learning. After two of the stations are completed, the teacher will do a brief check for …
Hitler with politicians

The Nazis Take Poland and the Start of World War II

… of the German Army moved out of their encampments and into combat. It was the beginning of a war over the future of Poland; it was the beginning of the Second World … World War, wrote “In 1914 the war began with enthusiasm. Soldiers were mobbed and garlanded with flowers. They left for …
North Korea's prime minister Kim Il-sung and China's premier Zhou Enlai tour Beijing in 1958.

China Holds the Key to the North Korea Problem

… As the international community struggles to respond effectively to the missile … intentions of its founder’s to allow each great power a comprehensive veto over any international action that might … Roosevelt did not agree on the composition or role of the future organizations executive committee.   Churchill …
Nazis at Marienplatz in Munich during the 1923 Beer Hall Putsch.

Hitler’s Beer Hall Putsch and Weimar’s Resolve

… audacity, its failures, and what it foretold for Germany's future.  Yet, as we look back, it is time we consider a … nation, Bavaria appointed Gustav Ritter von Kahr as State Commissioner General ( Generalstaatskommissar ), granting … organizations. Lossow joined in alliance with Kahr and the commander of the Bavarian police, Hans von Seisser, to form …
New York stock market index from 1926 to 1939

Can the Global Crisis of the Nineties Lead to Another Great Depression?

… of global crisis but wonder about the country’s economic future in view of the recent evidence of declining corporate … and the Nineties, and does history offer “lessons” from a comparison? Some of the similarities are certainly … susceptible today to the wild investment schemes that were common in 1929. Furthermore, the Fed has played an effective …
students wearing masks sitting at desks in a classroom writing

Pandemic Pedagogies (Classroom Activities)

An Interdisciplinary Model for Teaching about the Human Impacts of Pandemics
Grade Level
4-8
6
7
8
9-12
9
10
11
12
Teaching Area
World History to 1500
World History since 1500
US History to 1877
US History since 1877
… material. 2. Increase student empathy and awareness of the complexities of a pandemic (past or present). 3. Introduce … (again, past or present). Visit the  Pandemic Pedagogies  website at  https://pandemicpedagogiesproject.wordpress.com/ …
People wearing masks

The Respirator and Cloth Mask

Germ theory helped to usher in the widespread use of cloth masks.
… are at the heart of often vitriolic public debates. Both futuristic and somehow archaic at the same time, millions … for the Humanities. Any views, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this content do not necessarily …
German and Indian troops as part of the international coalition to put down the Boxer Rebellion

History Shadows U.S.-China Relations

… Prime Minister’s plan to visit a shrine honoring soldiers who died for his country during World War II has inflamed … of more than $30 million (then an astronomical amount) as compensation to foreign powers for the damage caused by the …
Cover of Patrick Henry: First Among Patriots by Thomas S. Kidd

Patriot or Pragmatist?

Review of Patrick Henry: First Among Patriots, by Thomas S. Kidd (New York: Basic Books, 2011)
… major events of the American Revolution. We learn that the future two-time governor of Virginia, who turned down … was a motive in his pursuit of liberty; indebtedness was common among Virginia planters, who traded in a global … hardly muted the power of his influence. The public and soldiers adored him. Henry's legacy has remained controversial …
A tank destroyed during Operation Iraqi Freedom

Why We Should Leave Iraq Now

… in Iraq: the longer we stay, the stronger our enemies become. We cannot defeat either the insurgency or the civil … to fight, but we may well be training the army of our future enemies. We could have been spared this debacle had … assassinated British officials and killed British soldiers. In only a year or two, the British press and public …
A Biafran child suffering the effects of starvation due to the federal blockade during the Nigerian Civil War

“No Victor and No Vanquished” - Fifty Years after the Biafran War

… shape the narrative of Nigerian identity and the nation’s future. Map of Nigeria. Equally important, the historical … and cultural challenges. The crisis that would become the Nigerian Civil War began on January 15, 1966 when a … in July 1966. This countercoup turned out to be bloodier, and this time, Igbos were the victims. Many …
Cover of A Short History of Celebrity by Fred Inglis.

A Short History of Celebrity

Review of A Short History of Celebrity, by Fred Inglis (Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2010)
… that Sarah bestowed upon him on Facebook; Bristol's future or lack thereof on "Dancing with the Stars"; or … Celebrity .  Fred Inglis, Emeritus Professor of Cultural Studies at the University of Sheffield, is the author of more … of intense familiarity with distance.  This is the "compound" that makes the celebrity sacred in modern society: …
Launching of the USS RALPH JOHNSON in Mississippi.

A New Cold War in the Caribbean?

… The cause of his outburst? Likely American protests in the future over his moves to hold joint exercises in the … with his nutty words: the way the Bush administration has compromised American foreign policy and jeopardized world … Caribbean. The Navy claims it is resuscitating the fleet to combat terrorism, keep the economic sea lanes of trade free …