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Ukrainian refugees sheltering beneath a bridge in Kyiv, March 5, 2022.

“The Tragedy Has Never Left Us.” On the War in Ukraine

… not obscure the fact that this conflict, with all its complexity and tragedy, belongs firmly to the present. This … to a huge crowd at the Gazimestan monument near the site of the battle of Kosovo , Milosevic was able to equate … and 70,000 villages wiped out by the fighting, according to official statistics) have a lot to do with it [Tumarkin, The …
Etching of Theodore Roosevelt.

Our Federal Government: Still for Sale

… TV age, campaigning is expensive business. Today’s bribes come in the form of enormous but legal campaign … was even more brazen than it is now. Mining and logging companies gained nearly free rein to scar and pollute … offered an amnesty to corporate tax evaders. An IRS official said that it was unfair to make bandit corporations …
STS-116 mission specialists, NASA astronaut Robert Curbeam and ESA astronaut Christer Fuglesang perform extravehicular activity (EVA) during construction of the International Space Station.

Facing Opportunities and Obstacles in Space

… the development of new technologies to reduce the cost and complexity of operating in space.   These proposals, … are rockets infallible: Insurance rates for the launch of a communications satellite can be 10 to 15 percent of its … the 2020s, perhaps too long a time for present-day elected officials to gain politically. Yet making space affordable …

Frenemies: Iran and America since 1900

… relations between the United States and Iran have been complicated and edgy as long as anyone can remember. … and refineries from Britain as soon as possible. American officials, who had urged the British to accept a last-minute … and urged him privately to change course. Yet when Carter visited Tehran on New Year's Eve 1977, he felt obliged to …
Image of a junior high school classroom from Harris & Ewing Photographs.

An Historic Opportunity in Education

… enact this substantial change to Title I. This 35-year-old compensatory education legislation has failed to reach its … being threatened by “a rising tide of mediocrity.” In his official remarks on the report, Reagan pinned the blame for … and the editor of the Federal Education Policy History website. He is the author of "Failing Grades: The Federal …
Photo of "Fighting Bob" La Follette

Lessons for the Nader Camp: ‘Fighting Bob’ La Follette in 1924

… in a sea of political corruption, a caring man genuinely committed to protecting consumers, promoting peace and … this vote will be a real blow against corruption and complacency and a powerful statement for the environment and … the first independent presidential candidate to be backed officially by the American Federation of Labor. Nader has a …
People arriving at Ellis Island in the early 20th century.

Noncitizens have the obligations of citizens-so why not the right to vote?

… revolution, such a proposition was not far-fetched. It was common sense that government should rest on the consent of … of government. This historical precedent is making a comeback in some circles today. Currently, noncitizens vote … Denying immigrants local voting rights makes government officials less accountable and undermines the legitimacy of …
Rodin's "The Thinker"

Reaching Beyond the Ivory Tower

… Patrick Potyondy   Welcome to History Talk , the history podcast for everyone, … steps by which you could succeed and be recognized in some official way. It just happens to you, or it doesn't.   … and many more, as the Times calls them hits on its website.   Patrick Potyondy   And so just to wrap up, do you …
Bande dessinée par Ali Delim pour marquer la vingtième anniversaire de la mort de Saïd Mekbel

1/30/2015: Les dangers d'être humoriste: Charlie Hebdo n’est pas le seul

… Hebdo a suscité une recherche profonde pour découvrir comment les hommes armés sont venus à être si irrités par … avec des conséquences mortelles leur colère envers des comiques dont le travail a été jugé blasphématoire ou opposé … regrettés était le chroniqueur Saïd Mekbel. Son esprit de comédie n’épargnait personne comme il s’en servait …
President George W. Bush

Propaganda: Necessary but Difficult

… World War I, President Woodrow Wilson established the Committee on Public Information, led by journalist George Creel, to craft and communicate America’s message. But the nation’s first … a way designed to counter the attacks of opponents abroad. Officials have a tough task ahead of them. In World War II, …
poster supporting those lost in Pearl Harbor

Mobilizing for Common Purpose in the COVID Era

… Just how has American society mobilized for a sense of common purpose in the past? And why have we seemed to lose that sense of common purpose today in the midst of the coronavirus … Riders on San Juan Hill. There was an even greater need for common purpose as the Great War , what we Americans came to …
Protesters with signs in support of immigrants: "We are all here thanks to immigrants", "If you don't want immigrants, stop destabilizing their countries"; "Defend DACA"

Honduras, TPS, and U.S. Policy

… Jessica Vinas-Nelson  Welcome to History Talk , the podcast that brings together a … then providing support for the military and the unelected officials in the civil government. So that happened, and … Song and band information can be found on our website. You can find our podcasts and more on our website at …
The Dalai Lama waves to a crowd during a visit to the Netherlands in the 1980s.

Hong Kong and Tibet

… As China completes its takeover of Hong Kong, it should be remembered … spiritual leader, to take actions that made him a little uncomfortable (just as they have already directed Hong Kong’s … companies buy their way into Hong Kong, worried Chinese officials are already starting to crack down on laws that …
Last Supper By Simon Ushakov, 1685

Reverence and Relics: The Holy Dead in the Pre-Modern Christian World

Review of Why Can the Dead Do Such Great Things? Saints and Worshippers from the Martyrs to the Reformation, by Robert Bartlett (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2013)
… were an obvious denominational marker. “Part Two: Dynamics” comprises the bulk of the book. In chapters five through … of some pilgrims were not strictly spiritual, and he compares the practice with modern tourism. In chapter … hagiography to discuss sermons about the saints as well as official documents surrounding a saint’s canonization. …
Alfonso García Robles at the Public Hearing on Nuclear Weapons and Disarmament in 1981.

A Model for a Nuclear-Free Middle East

… programs. These recent developments no doubt bring comfort to some. But we can't rest easy. The dangers of … With the Treaty of Tlatelolco in 1967, that goal was accomplished. Latin America is now a nuclear weapon free zone. … than those faced in Latin America. For instance, Iranian officials have openly called for Israel's destruction. That …
Two vials of modern insulin named Actrapid (left) and NovoRapid (right) by the manufacturers.

The First Insulin Injection as a Treatment for Diabetes

… a chronic condition that can have serious, life-threatening complications if left untreated. Diabetes is caused when the … date to the ancient Egyptians, over a millennium before the common era . Later, in the second century CE, the Greek … healthier, more than twice her original weight, and had become a shining example of the power of insulin therapy for …
The supreme court of Massachusetts sits at the John Adams Courthouse in Boston.

Gay-Marriage Decision: Just the Beginning of the Debate

… before all slaves in Massachusetts would be set free, the Commonwealth v. Jennison case of 1783 ensured that slaves … by the early 19th century all the Northern states had committed at least to eventual emancipation, slavery’s … and social research and making claims about human nature. Commonwealth v. Jennison and its long aftermath also …
The Kaiser Permanente Building after the Northridge Earthquake in 1994.

California Freeways: Still Seismically Unsafe

… and undervalued, the seismic program was still incomplete almost two decades later when Loma Prieta struck … as the “Cypress Structure” collapsed, killing sixty-four commuters. Unlike most California freeways in 1989, the … (Summer 1993) that was adopted by CalTrans as part of its official report to Congress on the Loma Prieta Earthquake. …
Chinese tanks in Beijing in 1989

Honoring China’s June 4th Martyrs

… What can and should members of the international community do to honor 1989’s Beijing martyrs? Not … drew near. Equally unsurprising was the answer most commentators gave: work to make China’s leaders to accept … and other protesters was to force China’s leaders to take official corruption and nepotism seriously, and this is …
the cover of a Captain America comic book

Captain America: Changing Conscience of a Nation

… and artist Jack Kirby in the eponymous Captain America Comics #1 , the patriotic hero became a breakout star for … These dynamic adventures made Captain America an unofficial part of the war effort. His winged visage enlivened … “good war.” Four-color McCarthyism could not pull enough coins from adolescent pockets to prevent the superhero …
Refugees eating lunch outside the barracks.

Waiting in Limbo: Life as a Refugee in Serbia

… Swat, Pakistan, where he was pursuing a graduate degree in computer engineering. He left seven months ago because he … Europe for years, but what used to be a short-term campsite has become a semi-permanent residence for many who have … new arrivals in Belgrade . Eighty percent of refugees are officially registered and staying in open reception centers, …
President JFK giving an address on civil rights in June, 1963.

A President Who Was Still Growing

… day in Dallas in 1963. In an inaugural address that has become a poignant reminder of the idealism of the 1960s, JFK … in a refreshing spirit of voluntarism by urging citizens to commit themselves to solving the problems of poverty and … public school available, if he cannot vote for the public officials who represent him, if, in short, he cannot enjoy …
Aerial view of Hiroshima before the bombing

Bombing Hiroshima

… its efforts to build atomic bombs after a series of shortcomings and failures convinced its government to focus on a … brought the war in the Pacific to a close, but, as Japanese officials observed at the time, it was a combination of … Istukushima Shrine which is both a UNESCO "World Heritage Site" and less than 30 kilometers from downtown Hiroshima. …