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Barack Obama was inaugurated at the United States Capitol on January 20, 2009.

The Strong Wind at His Back

… in the voting booth. Barack Obama’s victory proves that some analysts gave too much weight to race, not only in … and hear Obama and learn more about him, they became more comfortable with the notion of his leadership in the White … they have watched many blacks delivering the news on CNN or commenting on television about the recent elections.   The …
Pledge of Allegiance plaque

When Congress Tampers with the Court’s Independence

… deciding its merits. Then, on Sept. 23, the House did something extraordinary. Rather than take a chance that the Supreme … the American people that the federal courts would not become oppressive, the framers of the Constitution argued that …
Col C.B. Winders shooting a gun in the 1910s.

Reconstructing the Second Amendment

… among hot button topics in American public life there is something perverse about the dynamics of the debate over … Amendment does not prohibit robust gun regulation, it compels it. Today’s gun rights ideology is antithetical to … about an obligation citizens owed to their government and communities to contribute to public defense. They also …
New York stock market index from 1926 to 1939

Can the Global Crisis of the Nineties Lead to Another Great Depression?

… been falling as if stricken by an international disease. Some business leaders are now expressing fear that an … and the Nineties, and does history offer “lessons” from a comparison? Some of the similarities are certainly … susceptible today to the wild investment schemes that were common in 1929. Furthermore, the Fed has played an effective …
Cover of Rivers and the Power of Ancient Rome by Brian Campbell

Rome's Wondrous Rivers

Review of Rivers and the Power of Ancient Rome, by Brian Campbell (Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 2012)
… was the worth of water in Ancient Rome? Floating along the extraordinarily diverse rivers of the Roman world, historian … the wetlands of Italy and Britain. The Roman world included some of the most remarkable rivers in the European, Middle … religious aura of rivers enhanced the status of riverine communities” (31). Rivers were ascribed human qualities and …
Bust of Abraham Lincoln.

Getting Wrong with Lincoln

… Beatty’s pseudo-presidential campaign, he’s already done something that most candidates can only dream about. He’s … our more prominent pundits have actually repeated, and thus compounded, the movie star’s error. The bogus quotation … Central Railroad, one of the largest and most “insolent” commercial interests of the era. As a devoted member of the …
New York City in 1932.

Black Tuesday II

… often  since the attack on the World Trade Center, but a comparison of the Black Tuesdays of 1929 and 2001 is equally … to respond, “What else is there?” Even though we have become far more materialistic in recent decades, it is … have become so addicted to spending that it now takes something much larger than a stock market crash to get us to …
Cover of The Blue Tattoo: The Life of Olive Oatman by Margot Mifflin.

Taking it on the Chin

Review of The Blue Tattoo: The Life of Olive Oatman, by Margot Mifflin (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2009)
Sometime in 1851, the Oatman family, Mormans from Illinois, … Olive remade herself into a proper Victorian lady, complete with a child (the couple adopted) and a beautiful … activist.  Olive's story is fascinating; Mifflin combines an inherently intriguing story with good writing …
Marlin Stutzman US senate campaign, 2016 (Support a Balanced Budget Amendment)

An Amendment Whose Time Has Never Come

… to popular enthusiasm for a simplistic solution to fiscal complexities, a responsible minority treated the … worked as the Framers intended? Is it even possible that some senators and representatives have examined the relevant … checkbook where failure to limit household spending to income courted disaster. This analogy ignored the reality that …
The Titanic sailing from Southampton in 1912.

Is History Really Bunk?

… executives. In the 1920s, ad agency researchers noted with some satisfaction that many Americans shared Henry Ford's … of the intergalactic wars of the Star Trek TV series become as important as the Civil War. An example of how … follows the ratings marketplace can be seen in the commercial cable network, the History Channel, which liberal …
Cover of Faustian Bargain: The Soviet-German Partnership and the Origins of the Second World War by Ian Ona Johnson.

The Soviet-German Exchange: Beyond Ideology and Opportunism

Review of Faustian Bargain: The Soviet-German Partnership and the Origins of the Second World War, by Ian Ona Johnson (New York: Oxford University Press, 2021)
… Ask someone to describe the Soviet Union during the Second World … order and provide readers bite-sized analyses of complex political, social, and military affairs. For … in a partnership that led to rearmament. The technological component of Soviet-German cooperation stands out as its …

The Amazon Rainforest under Threat

… became the top trending hashtag on Twitter after the combination of smoke from Amazon forest fires, a weather … native populations of the Amazon and efforts at resource extraction continued into the 20th century. Marechal Rondon … Global Migration and the Americas ; Latin American Drug Trafficking ; Puerto Rico and the United States ; Honduras; …

Beyond 'Tribes': Violence and Politics in Kenya

… going to take their seats the next day and that they were completely resolute in overturning the election and bringing … Odinga to power. The Kibera school, he said, had now become a refuge for families whose homes were destroyed in the … powers as Prime Minister. It has calmed the country somewhat, but longstanding social and economic troubles …
The Alcoholics Anonymous logo at a church. (Image by Rachel K)

A Brief History of Alcoholics Anonymous

… Jung.  Jung suggested that alcoholism might only be overcome through a profound spiritual experience. Following … to God. Although not specifically focused upon alcoholism, some Oxford Group members recovered from alcoholism by … alcohol including Edwin “Ebby” Thatcher, a former drinking companion of Bill Wilson.  Thatcher achieved sobriety and …

Feminism in Egypt: New Alliances, Old Debates

… seats in parliament. Morsi was the winner of Egypt’s first competitive presidential election, but his government was … the Coalition of Feminist Organizations in Egypt, it was composed of 16 groups, including New Woman Foundation, Women … state feminism and the first lady’s patronage had produced some successes, the coalition declared the NCW illegitimate …
Bust of Senator Robert La Follette in the Wisconsin State Capitol.

When Principle May Be the Best Policy

… the Democratic Party may self-destruct during the coming elections because it’s becoming softer on the war. We’ll have to wait until November … about his outspoken opposition, the senator answered somberly, “I just couldn’t vote for this war.” Today some …
Reagan in 1982.

Exit Gen. Grant – Enter St. Ronald?

… want much to do with most of them any more. Of course, some of them we would all like to forget — like the … B. Hayes. But when was the last time you heard some Republican politician singing the praises of Dwight … to study photographs of official Soviet events to see which Communist Party members were visible and which had been …
the cover of a Captain America comic book

Captain America: Changing Conscience of a Nation

… pages. Yet next to the adult fare at the newsstands was something far less ambiguous: a four-color spectacle … and artist Jack Kirby in the eponymous Captain America Comics #1 , the patriotic hero became a breakout star for … “good war.” Four-color McCarthyism could not pull enough coins from adolescent pockets to prevent the superhero …

Yemen: A Civil War Centuries in the Making

… Yemen’s internationally recognized government is sitting comfortably in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, 900 miles away from … as battles for the control of aid networks are sometimes fiercer than fighting for actual territorial … northern highlands have been united for centuries by common religious beliefs, tribal alliances, and a history of …
Cerro Rico of Potosí, c.1603. Courtesy Hispanic Society of America

“Mountains of Water:” The Great 1626 Potosí Flood

… world's highest and most productive mining town and—with some 120,000 inhabitants—one of the world's most populous … structures made from this earthen material were common throughout the Andes, and they were generally … But they had to be constantly monitored and maintained by communal work parties. More importantly, “champería” dams …
Man Celebrating Repeal Day with a banner that says "Good Old Days Are Back Again!"

Celebrating Repeal with a Drink, Not a Joint

… and Washington, the news media are now brimming with comparisons of alcohol to marijuana prohibition and “lessons … drinking habit. In 1970, two legal scholars wrote a comparison of alcohol and marijuana law that I believe still offers some insight today. In “The Forbidden Fruit and the Tree of …
Drawing/wood engraving of the state capitol of Illinois at Springfield.

Can Illinois Again Lead by (Bad) Example?

… upper house of Congress.   As intended, the system brought extraordinary men, including John C. Calhoun, Henry Clay, … Many seats went to men of modest talent and less vision, some of whom allegedly paid large bribes for the honor. By the 19th century’s end, the U.S. Senate had become widely known, as it still is today, as a “millionaires …
The headquarters of the National Association Opposed to Woman Suffrage in 1911.

The Nineteenth Amendment

… amendment nor the journey after it were straightforward. Some property-owning women had the opportunity to vote … however, white women had greater access to the ballot box compared to women of color. The continued disenfranchisement … Indeed, many women joined the anti-suffrage movement. Often some of the most elite white women in society, the female …