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The logo of the United States Agency for International Development. It has been in use since 2004.

Foreign Assistance and Democratic Reform

… granted greater decision-making authority to local communities, and the Paraguayan government opened budget … public support for foreign assistance is not without some justification. Until recently the U.S. foreign aid … under the law. Second, USAID is working to enhance the competitiveness of local political systems, encouraging the …
Three former directors of the Global Smallpox Eradication Programme read the news that smallpox had been globally eradicated, 1980.

The WHO and the Eradication of Smallpox

… was the result of a decades-long global program involving complex geopolitical cooperation, human ingenuity, and … States and the Soviet Union worked together towards a common purpose: combating smallpox in 43 countries with a … more and more countries became smallpox-free. But in some, especially rural regions, smallpox lingered well into …
Washington Receiving a Salute on the Field of Trenton by John Faed, featuring Blueskin.

Does Experience Really Help?

… is likely to run again. So relevant "experience" is hard to come by.This presidential season, everybody is talking about … about related experience? Military leadership perhaps? Or some sort of administrative background? Dwight Eisenhower … Obama or Palin. Lack of experience didn't keep him from extraordinary leadership and successes. As president, he …

A Century of HIV

… human immune systems, HIV has also allowed tuberculosis to come thundering back as a global health threat and has … river basin, and the brutal exploitation of people to extract ivory and rubber in the broader region inspired … from their own Cold War dictator. While in Congo, however, some contracted HIV and subsequently returned home with the …
Cover of The Rise and Fall of Modern American Conservatism: A Short History by David Farber.

The Far Right Stuff

Review of The Rise and Fall of Modern Conservatism, by David Farber (Princeton University Press, 2010)
… a table with friends and fight over.  I mean that as a high compliment, since there are far too many books out there, … that held conservatism together. Farber has worked hard – sometimes one can almost feel him bending over backwards – … of the practice. Four other aspects of conservatism become clear when Farber juxtaposes these six figures.  First, …
US Senator Mitt Romney of Utah.

The “Wall of Separation” Has Preserved Religion — Including Mormonism

… unnamed “they” of Romney’s speech – but the cause is always some hazy conspiracy of people who have stripped religion … to the world that people of any religious faith would be welcome. To Penn we owe our freedom of religion. Penn was a … was upheld. Since then, Mormons have managed an uneasy compromise with the rest of the nation. In return for …
Firefighters working on the San Diego wildfires in 2007.

San Diego’s Natural Disaster Wasn’t Entirely Natural

… want to burn. A spark will put them out their agony. Some argue that these horrendous fires on the Southern … than lightning, it’s people (usually accidentally but sometimes intentionally) who start the greatest number of … are offering time, money and supplies. Inter-agency communication is decidedly better. And the city owns a …
Afar community animal health worker describing the appearance and characteristics of rinderpest in cattle (photo credit: ILRI/Jeff Mariner).

The Second Disease Eradication: Rinderpest

… a stunning achievement and that description of how it was accomplished feels especially poignant today when faith in … Clement XI had sent Lancisi to investigate. The physician recommended culling and quarantines . Governments across … reported. But he found his silver lining, writing that in “some respects” it “has favored our enterprise. Powerful and …
Lawrence Halprin

Lawrence Halprin and Two Modern Spaces

… outside of Haifa, then Palestine , working on a kibbutz (a communal farm). When Halprin returned to the U.S. he trained … used by people. The UN Plaza in San Francisco The fountain commemorated the signing of the UN Charter in San Francisco, … is gone, but many of its problems are still unresolved. Some say that the fountain’s issues are symptoms of bad …
Port of Buenos Aires

Cholera and Argentina: Insights for COVID-19

… began in 1817 and continue to this day, cholera ravaged communities and strained political and economic orders … interventions. However, the response of most states was a combination of both methods. They tended to be pluralistic, … and administrative uncertainty dominated both. At first, some people in the United States believed COVID was a mild …
A U.S. Coast Guard boat approaches a sailboat with over 90 Haitian refugees in 1988. The refugees were later returned to Haiti.

Who is responsible for the Elian Gonzalez case?

… Department? The Cubans of Miami? Well, if you want to hold someone responsible, then look to the Haitians. In 1994,  … fair to most Americans. After all, Fidel Castro was a Communist dictator. The United States had to open its doors to refugees from communism, Americans thought, or it could not claim moral …
Glacial melt from Myrdalsjökull glacier in the south (jökull means glacier in Icelandic). Note the alluvial cones formed by volcanic ash and sediment.

A Postcard from Reykjavik: Iceland’s Volcanic History

… when volcanoes formed Iceland’s unique island landscapes some 20 million years ago. But in the 1,100 years that … been interwoven with human history. Although the data are incomplete, over 170 volcanic eruptions have been recorded in … from the Ring Road; Iceland's Ring Road, Highway 1, was completed in 1974 and circles the island in an 828 mile …
Amish schoolhouse in 1941 Pennsylvania.

1/13/2015: Top Ten Origins: The Common Core Curriculum

… Kentucky school, 1946 Common Core is a set of voluntary standards in the United … isn’t any more debate, we’ll know we’re in serious trouble. Common Core is no exception and now faces detractors from … to adopt similar, wide-ranging standardizations for some 40,000 schools across the U.S. 3. The Constitution does …
Lockheed u 2c aircraft Image from Public domain images website

Brandishing Nukes–A Self-Defeating Policy

… translated into action. In the 1950s, President Eisenhower committed the U.S. government to a first-strike nuclear policy. He told his advisers, “Ultimately some President might have to decide that it was his duty to … also used nuclear threats as psychological weapons. When Communist China shelled Taiwan’s outposts on the islands of …
typewriter

The Legacy of a Lady

… wanted these professional writers and scholars to know something of the work that Laura Bush had done as First Lady. This impressive list of projects encompasses domestic causes from historic preservation to … Party devotee. A close look at the specifics of her accomplishments shows that hers is the legacy of a lady. Not …
Laura Bush May 18, 2008.

The Legacy of a Lady

… wanted these professional writers and scholars to know something of the work that Laura Bush had done as First Lady. This impressive list of projects encompasses domestic causes from historic preservation to … Party devotee. A close look at the specifics of her accomplishments shows that hers is the legacy of a lady. Not …
Senator Fred Thompson at the Chattanooga Summit in 1996.

Back to the Future of Fund-Raising Scandals

… Now Sen. Fred Thompson, R-Tenn., who chairs the Senate committee looking into Clinton’s fund-raising, has joined … a contrast with Clinton, Thompson praised Roosevelt for coming to the Senate in person to testify on the funding of … race. What we tend to forget today is that he had something to testify about. Roosevelt’s scandal hit when a …
Computers utilized by U.S. Navy personnel in 1998.

What the Internet Will Bring Us

… ultimate solution to problems of (pick one, or pick many) communication, commerce, travel, learning, teaching, thinking? Much of the promise of the internet is no doubt real. But maybe some of the claims about what it can, or will, do are …
UNR postcard (ca. 1918), Ukrainians face invading Russia. Caption: “Our enemies die like the dew in the sun and we brothers will rule in our turn.” From the author’s collection.

Ukrainian Independence: From Versailles 1 to Versailles 2

… to keep it in the war. They actually gave only money. Some went to create armed units from Polish and Czech POWs on Ukrainian territory, and some to bribe Ukrainian leaders.  In January 1918, as the … were war-weary, and saw no Entente troops or aid forthcoming.  Ukraine’s signing the Treaty was something the …
Demolition of the former Penn Station concourse raised public awareness about preservation.

Choking Off Our Past

… Preservation is one organization that attempts to do some of this. Its goal is to protect critical pieces of the … the Lower East Side Tenement Museum in New York City to Acoma Sky City in New Mexico. NTHP activists are gathering in … items on July 20, 1969, to return to the orbiting command module, they didn’t know they were creating …

Yearning to Breathe Free: The American Immigration Story

… circumstances across Europe and Asia propelled those with some means to seek opportunities in the United States. This … they simply never made enough to do so. “Many Chinamen have come; few have returned. Why is this?” representatives of China’s laboring community said in an 1876 address to Congress. “Because …