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Statue and Ukrainian Flag

The Russian Invasion of Ukraine

… of Ukraine has been described as a “a crime against peace” and “Europe’s Darkest Hour” since World War II. It is an … strike. We were talking about the East of Ukraine or southeast of Ukraine. Last Thursday, multiple locations in … gained its independence, Protestantism, especially in southern and eastern Ukraine, has really thrived. And just …
UNR postcard (ca. 1918), Ukrainians face invading Russia. Caption: “Our enemies die like the dew in the sun and we brothers will rule in our turn.” From the author’s collection.

Ukrainian Independence: From Versailles 1 to Versailles 2

… In March 2022, the EU and the U.S. unilaterally condemned the Russian invasion of Ukraine and voiced strong support of Ukrainian independence in the … the Whites, and Nestor Makhno’s anarchists in the east and south. The ZUNR fought a Polish invasion in the west until …
From left to right, Secretary of State Colin L. Powell, Secretary of Defense Donald H. Rumsfeld, National Security Advisor Condoleezza Rice, and Vice President Dick B. Cheney having a working lunch in 2007.

Foreign Policy Doesn’t Need a Mandate

… authority offers a president considerable running room, and the 535 members of Congress find it exceedingly … policy, sending military expeditions to Mexico in 1916 and Russia in 1918, and leading a reluctant United States … midst of the Civil Rights Movement and an expanding war in southeast Asia. Johnson also had an extremely ambitious …
the cover of a Captain America comic book

Captain America: Changing Conscience of a Nation

… States remained neutral while World War II raged in Europe and Asia , but the country was inching toward war. … Captain America born out of experiments on hundreds of African Americans. Promotional image from Marvel.com (left) … black Captain America by experimenting on hundreds of African Americans. Even as the subject matter of Captain …
First edition dust jacket cover of gonzo journalist Hunter S. Thompson's 1973 book Fear and Loathing on the Campaign Trail '72. The book conveys Thompson's experience covering the 1972 US presidential election, particularly the (ultimately unsuccessful) campaign of Democratic nominee George McGovern.

Democrats Must Beware the Curse of 1972

… 1972. That’s when antiwar forces took control of the party and nominated Sen. George McGovern. Richard Nixon won re-election in a landslide. If the Democrats hope to win in 2008, they have to … candidate in 1972. But in fact such large numbers of white Southerners, labor union members and moderate Democrats …
US propaganda leaflet used in Afghanistan, with bin Laden and Ayman al-Zawahiri.

Fighting a Cold War Against Osama bin Laden

… tape, released last week through Al-Jazeera, blew both hot and cold. He threatened the United States and its allies yet hinted at conciliation. Which part of his … thousands were injured, the overwhelming majority of them Africans. Then there were the never-to-be forgotten attacks …
Zog I of Albania in front of the Albania Republic flag.

Albania’s First Republic

… founded the First Albanian Republic on January 31, 1925, and elected Ahmet Zog to the position of President to govern over parliament and uphold the newly crafted constitution.  It was a … throughout the duration of WWI. Italy occupied the south, France the east, and Austria the north.  Once WWI …
The Statue of Liberty in New York City.

Where Will “Liberation” Lead?

… representative government. Democracy will replace tyranny, and freedom will rise from the ashes of brutality. That … this country,” he declared, “which are infinitely precious and especially American — a love of freedom, a feeling for … suppressed democracy. Choosing to back dictators such as South Vietnam’s Ngo Dinh Diem, Nicaragua’s Anastasio Somoza, …
Crucifixion of Saint Peter by Caravaggio (1600, Cerasi Chapel).

Persecuted Christians?

… Catholic nun is abducted, stripped, threatened with rape, and forced to drink her captors’ urine. This is the latest … that included the brutal murder of an Australian missionary and his two sons in January. Although the possibility that … “most hate crimes in America today are not directed toward African-Americans, or Jewish people, or lesbians. They are …
Rural school children looking at a globe in 1943.

The Debate That Won’t Die

… ended their accounts with the creationists vanquished and the debate buried. But in retrospect it appears that the … Then, twenty years ago, with the rise of Jerry Falwell and the Moral Majority, the hostility against teaching … include the creationist stories of the American Indians, African cultures, or Mexicans?) Even Al Gore, according to …
The four women Supreme Court Justices: Sandra Day O'Connor, Sotomayor, Ruth Bader Ginsburg, and Elena Kagan. O'Connor is not wearing a robe because she is retired from the Court.

Should Catholic Justices Recuse Themselves on Certain Cases?

… the ones who want to make up for decades of prejudice and discrimination. But because of the Catholic Church’s active opposition to abortion, same-sex marriage, and capital punishment, it raises serious questions about … Lyndon Johnson nominated Thurgood Marshall, the first African-American justice and President Ronald Reagan, the …
Monica Lewinsky's official government ID photo from 1997.

Another Watergate?

… Clinton may have had an affair with a White House intern and persuaded her to lie about it had not been public for an … assert that the only connections between Watergate and the current matter are that the intern, Monica Lewinsky, … to implicate President Kennedy in the 1963 assassination of South Vietnamese President Diem; exchanging government …
Portrait of Neville Chamberlain, who was the Prime Minister of United Kingdom during the early months of World War II.

Lessons of Munich

… 29, 1938, British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain and French Prime Minister Edouard Daladier met in Munich with German and Italian dictators Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini to … have a free hand on the European continent in central and South-East Europe.” Obsessed with communism, Chamberlain was …
 In the Beginning: Fundamentalism, The Scopes Trial, and the Making of the Antievolution Movement, by Michael Lienesch Book Cover.

In the Beginning: Fundamentalism, The Scopes Trial, and the Making of the Antievolution Movement

Review of In the Beginning: Fundamentalism, The Scopes Trial, and the Making of the Antievolution Movement, by Michael Lienesch (Chapel Hill, University of North Carolina Press, 2007)
… influential? How did the anti-evolution movement originate and how has it developed into the "intelligent design" … traces the growth of fundamentalism in the United States and the almost simultaneous rise of a coherent … movement to other social movements, such as the southern civil rights movement and American women's …

Influenza Pandemics Now, Then, and Again

… of 2003 I collapsed at a college debating tournament dinner and soon found myself in quarantine in Guelph, Ontario. Collapsing with a cough and fever is worrisome at any time. It was particularly … influenza A—H1N1—began appearing in Mexico and the American southwest. By June, the World Health Organization announced …

Syria's Islamic Movement and the 2011-12 Uprising

… presciently called it the last chance to avert a prolonged and bloody civil war—opponents of the Ba'thi order remained … of the internal friction grew out of deep-seated mistrust and animosity between Islamists (groups whose political … 'Alawi and Isma'ili communities of the western and southern provinces. Policies adopted by the Ba'thi …
Mikhail Gorbachev and President Ronald Reagan posing for a photograph in the White House Library.

The American “Nation Building” Mission and Russia

… Americans "have to have a sense of mission in the world" and that people everywhere look to the United States "as a … that are figuring out how to chart their own course" and asserted "the only people who are going to reform Russia … dreamed of taking Mikhail Gorbachev up in a helicopter over southern California to show the Soviet leader the homes, …
Painting of the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand

Memories of the Great War

… month’s podcast, three Ohio State historians travelled far and wide to bring us first-hand stories of how the Great War is being commemorated … from the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and to unify with other south Slavs and independent state. And, of course, there's …
Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his wife before their assassinations in Sarajevo.

The Enduring Lesson of Sarajevo

… The notorious Munich conference of 1938, where Britain and France abandoned Czechoslovakia to Nazi aggression, taught the … order. Iraqi Kurds in the north and Shiites in the south could take advantage of Saddam Hussein’s fall to …
tanks and soldier fighting in the Arab-Israeli Conflict

The World’s Longest War

… intractable one. The current struggle between Israel and Hezbollah is the sixth episode in a 58-year-long war between Israel and its Arab neighbors that commenced in 1948 when the state … and the Middle East continued on many battlefields: North Africa, Spain, France, Palestine, the Balkans, Asia Minor. …
The Warren Court (1953–1969).

Blending Empathy and Justice

… when he identified “that quality of empathy, of understanding and identifying with people’s hopes and struggles, as an … implicitly elsewhere, violated the constitutional rights of African Americans. Warren concluded that when a political …