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1968 numbers with images behind the numbers

A Time It Was: 1968 Around the World.

Grade Level
9-12
… mirror each other. The Origins article that was chosen compares how student movements around the world in 1968 … with the American people about the extent of the Tet Offensive in Vietnam. This article was chosen because it … the true extent of the Tet Offensive. The second day they will be doing a stations activity in which they will be …
Rural school children looking at a globe in 1943.

The Debate That Won’t Die

… hibernation. The return of the problem today has been accompanied by its earlier logic. There is a striking … fashion, be able to decide for themselves the truth they will teach their children. “Teachers in the public schools … Board of Education has instructed each of the state’s 304 districts to decide for itself what proportion of …
An engraving of Earl Cornwallis's surrender to George Washington during the American Revolution.

Hollywood’s American Revolution

… "Everything will change," a stunned General Charles Cornwallis announces … in Cornwallis and defended by the Redcoats. Not without good reason did the real Cornwallis order his troops to play … fire until ranks are broken and desperate hand-to-hand combat ensues. These scenes, realistic and at times surreal, …
American Flag with 15 stars

Best in History Online: The Washington Post's "Made By History"

… The Washington Post where "historians enter the fray," in order to provide historical context to today's most pressing … in a better understanding of American history. It offers news analysis to help its readers think about where … the section is to show what historians do. The page aims to combat the tendency to use history as "a tool to advance …
Cover of the Measure of Earth The Enlightenment Expedition That Reshaped Our World by Larrie D. Ferreiro

Figuring Out the Shape of the World

Review of Measure of the Earth: The Enlightenment Expedition That Reshaped Our World, by Larrie D. Ferreiro (New York: Basic Books, 2011)
… one requiring an almost obsessive attention to detail, a commitment to exacting measurements, and above all a patient … true shape of the world. An unlikely mix of adventurers, officers, and scientists were assembled to complete a task … the debate had largely pitted French and English scholars against one another, it was a sign of the growth of a …
Minaret Islam Khoja in Khiva

A Postcard from Khiva, Uzbekistan

… in the southeastern corner of the country. Horses pasture off in the distance, and the train rushes through a … history. The train stops in Urgench, a quiet and comparatively modern city of about 150,000 people. Exiting … fourth century B.C.E. Khorezmians were minting their early coins by the second century B.C.E. A century later the …
Theatrical poster for the American release of the 1952 film High Noon

War with Iraq: The Movie

… a villain and his henchmen threaten the safety of a western community, whose cowardly citizens cringe in the face of … that the traditional Hollywood Western clashes between good and evil, hero and villain, and civilization and … brutal tyranny in Iraq speak as if American military action will take the form of a “High Noon” morality play. Iraqis …
Veterans Day Poster 1980.

Keeping Veterans Day Alive

… this year. New York, Pennsylvania and California city officials cut back on observances of the holiday, citing …   November 11 was originally known as Armistice Day to commemorate the 11th day at the 11th hour of the 11th month … returned Veterans Day to November 11.   But now many communities want to de-emphasize Veterans Day. This is no …
El 5 de julio por S. Davies, Flickr, CC BY-NC-ND 2.0

What’s Really At Stake in the Venezuelan Election

will be no grounds for the United States to reject its outcome. Both U.S. presidential candidates have made … at the thought of Chavez finishing out his term in office? Anti-Chavistas point to corruption, crime and … will simply not forgive Chavez for breaking the cultural codes that distinguish them from the rest of Venezuela,” the …
President Franklin D. Roosevelt and outgoing President Herbert Hoover on Inauguration Day in 1933.

COVID, the New Deal, and the Importance of Leadership

… ways that hearken back to the Great Depression of the 1930s. In this country, in 1933, 25 percent of the workforce … everyone thought Roosevelt was up to the task. Political commentator Walter Lippmann called him “a kind of amiable … man who, without any important qualifications for the office, would very much like to be president.” Such …
Children at Play: An American History, by Howard Chudacoff Book Cover

Children at Play: An American History

Review of Children at Play: An American History, by Howard Chudacoff (New York: New York University Press, 2007)
… play, adults' efforts to provide protective spaces indoor (community centers, YMCA) and outdoor (playgrounds, sports … of consumer society and proliferation of mass media have offered children countless fantasy characters to stimulate … existed that should be nurtured. To this end parents willingly sacrificed their children's productive time from …

Yemen: A Civil War Centuries in the Making

… Yemen’s internationally recognized government is sitting comfortably in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, 900 miles away from … construction of a modern Yemeni republic began during the 1930s when Imam Yahya, the ruler of the Mutawakkilite Kingdom … was not expected to craft one of the longest terms of office in the Middle East. At his core, Saleh was a true …
November 2004. Cleveland voting station for 2004 Presidential election.

The Unpredictability of an Unhappy Electorate

… By contrast, in 1986, during Ronald Reagan’s last term in office, the Democrats gained a whopping eight seats in the … Conservatives may dispute the validity of the charges against them, but it would be foolhardy for them to assert … hand, would be wise not to take the recent election outcome as a clear mandate that Americans support an aggressive …

Avoiding the Scourge of War: The Challenges of United Nations Peacekeeping

… On July 1, 2011, the United Nations welcomed its newest member. South Sudan's January referendum on … need heavy weaponry and intentionally did not project an offensive military capability. Armed only lightly and with … of improperly filed forms, and concerned for the welfare of 30 Dutch peacekeepers held hostage by Bosnian Serbs , the …
President Reagan recites the Pledge of Allegiance with students from a Detroit Catholic school in 1984.

Affirming “Under God” Ruling Is a Higher Form of Patriotism

… In the nine Western states that this court covers, official recitals of the God-infused pledge are now … evangelical Rev. Billy Graham rose to celebrity denouncing communism as a "satanic religion," while Secretary of State … bill, Eisenhower exulted: "Millions of our schoolchildren will daily proclaim in every city and town . . . the …
Omagh, Northern Ireland in 2001.

Taking the Guns Out of Irish Politics

… The decommissioning of weapons in Northern Ireland ought to be a … a peaceful framework for progress — now known as the Good Friday Agreement — not one of the millions of bullets, … groups’ arsenals. Sean O’Callaghan, a former senior IRA officer turned informer, recalls that his first task upon …
 Monte Albán

A Postcard From Oaxaca, Mexico

… mountain views, Oaxaca City also offers vistas of Mexico's complex history. In 1521, Hernán Cortés sent Captain José … ns consume chocolate in beverage form.  Chapulines  (grasshoppers) are considered delicacies, and are found in  … protests ultimately led to a revolt involving upwards of 300,000 Oaxacans lasting 4 months.  Governor Ulises Ruíz …
Close-up of the mural commemorating works of A.J. Muste on the War Resisters League Building in New York, New York.

"There Is No Way to Peace, Peace Is the Way": A.J. Muste and American Radical Pacifism

Review of American Gandhi: A.J. Muste and the History of Radicalism in the Twentieth Century, by Leilah Danielson (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2014)
… nonconformist left. Historian Leilah Danielson attempts to complete the work that Muste did not. It is most useful to … middle ground that Muste tried to hold collapsed by the mid-30's and the Communists took over much of the revolutionary … He believed that liberalism, as embodied by the New Deal order, had failed precisely because it had bolstered global …
Sébastien Slodtz's statue of Hannibal Barca.

On the Verge of War, Look Before You Leap

… the terrorist attack seems too much to bear. Professional commentators, and current and former government officials agree with citizens in the street: Military force … suffered injustice. Since military countermeasures likely will injure innocent bystanders, the “collateral damage” can …
Dr. Aleš Hrdlička

“No law can change our blood"

Review of Blood Will Tell: Native Americans and Assimilation Policy, by Katherine Ellinghaus Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2017.
… to the long list of assaults enacted on the Native American community, put alongside boarding schools, forbidden … Only in 1934 did blood became a signifier in the official definition of Indian status through the … The Five Tribes of Oklahoma were relocated here in the 1830s. Resistance to allotment also operated outside of tribal …
Aurangzeb in a pavilion with courtiers below.

Aurangzeb: Mughal Emperor

… thousands of non-Islamic monuments and temples, and committing genocide.  To some South Asian Muslims, he was an … He was personally devout but continued to offer legal protections to and employ large numbers of … reign had a higher percentage of Hindus (just over 30%) than under any of his predecessors.  When forced to …
An Act for the Gradual Abolition of Slavery, Supreme Executive Council of Pennsylvania, March 1, 1780. Pennsylvania State Archives.

The Forgotten First Step Toward Freedom

… of Pennsylvania became the first in the world to pass a law against slavery, affirming that no child born after that … until seven years later, are usually credited with this accomplishment, having banished slavery in their remaining … that “the time is not far distant when the colored man will have his rights in Connecticut.” The possibility of …
Demolition of Alexander III Monument, Moscow 1918

Russia’s February Revolution and the Precarious Politics of Nostalgia

… factories doors closed, and workers found themselves laid off. Then the weather turned. On February 23—March 8 on the … To delay is impossible.” The tsar did not reply, instead complaining that “Again that fat-belly Rodzianko has written me all sorts of rubbish, to which I will not even respond.” But as the next few days made …
Vicente Fox Quesada

Will Fox be a Mexican Jefferson?

… now? January 1, 1994 is the date future history books will designate as the beginning of the end of the PRI … as the sole arbiter of labor and political issues. The concomitant opening of the markets hurt several domestic giants … its first peaceful turnover of power from elected officials of one party to their opponents. Thomas Jefferson …