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Woodrow Wilson in 1911.

The Peril of Absolute Power

… has abused its position as the world’s sole superpower. One result has been the reinvigoration of balance of power … of “a general association of nations,” what would become the League of Nations, to adjudicate international … during the Cold War — but only recently have we abandoned a broader commitment to a world governed by law instead …
Wedding rings.

Getting Government Out of Marriage, and Vice Versa

… According to the opponents of gay marriage, the Nov. 18 Massachusetts Supreme … and Christianity over thousands of years. However, what opponents take as hoary, biblically rooted practice is more … so that all Jews could go back to biblical ways. The Ten Commandments are mute about gay marriage. Males in a …
voting button by Steve Rainwater, Flickr, CC BY-SA 2.0

Race and Voting, Past and Present

… should we do about it? The first episode is the easy one. Barring somebody from the polls on the explicit basis … lists, precinct workers were instructed to dial a central phone line or to check registration lists on a laptop computer. But very few majority-black districts received the …
Chinese tanks in Beijing in 1989

Honoring China’s June 4th Martyrs

… What can and should members of the international community do to honor 1989’s Beijing martyrs? Not … ago. There are, however, two other things, less often mentioned, that can and should be done to show respect for the … and other protesters was to force China’s leaders to take official corruption and nepotism seriously, and this is …
President JFK giving an address on civil rights in June, 1963.

A President Who Was Still Growing

… and seemingly inexplicable actions surrounding it. Only one thing is certain. Kennedy’s death remains an emotionally … day in Dallas in 1963. In an inaugural address that has become a poignant reminder of the idealism of the 1960s, JFK … public school available, if he cannot vote for the public officials who represent him, if, in short, he cannot enjoy …
Official Presidential portrait of Thomas Jefferson (by Rembrandt Peale, 1800).

Jefferson: Founding Father and Connoisseur

… the United States and the 184th anniversary of the death of one of its founding fathers, Thomas Jefferson. We revere the … luxury and self-indulgence with the stern defender of the common man we know from history textbooks. As chief … to rebuild it – continuously. Monticello was a construction site for decades. He installed French three-part stacking …
Scene in Ukraine

Ukraine, In a Nutshell

Review of The Conflict in Ukraine: What Everyone Needs to Know, by Serhy Yekelchyk (New York: Oxford University Press, 2015).
… fascinating book The Conflict in Ukraine: What Everyone Needs to Know  should be required reading for any … studying the Black Sea region, and for any government official tasked with working on the issues in that troubled … the reader.   The reviewer’s photos during the peaceful component of the pro-democracy EuroMaidan protests.  …
Theatrical poster for the American release of the 1952 film High Noon

War with Iraq: The Movie

… the challenges America faces in the manner of an old-fashioned Western. His scenarios resemble the plot of one of the greatest of the genre, “High Noon.”Ý Bush may be … a villain and his henchmen threaten the safety of a western community, whose cowardly citizens cringe in the face of …
Children at Play: An American History, by Howard Chudacoff Book Cover

Children at Play: An American History

Review of Children at Play: An American History, by Howard Chudacoff (New York: New York University Press, 2007)
… play, adults' efforts to provide protective spaces indoor (community centers, YMCA) and outdoor (playgrounds, sports … Chudacoff's new book, Children at Play . Chudacoff is one of America's most respected historians. He has served … and class throughout his study of American childhood, but one aspect of this seems overly simplified. Chudacoff …
Strangers Nowhere in the World: The Rise of Cosmopolitanism in Early Modern Europe , by Margaret Jacobs book cover.

Strangers Nowhere in the World: The Rise of Cosmopolitanism in Early Modern Europe

Review of Strangers Nowhere in the World: The Rise of Cosmopolitanism in Early Modern Europe , by Margaret Jacobs (Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Press, 2006)
… years of cosmopolitanism offers an important perspective on one of the crucial issues facing society in the post-9/11 … Republicans. This allows her to easily skim over the often complicated inter-relations between politics, science, and … civil society that Jacob associates with cosmopolitanism. One wonders if she does not mention this concept so as to …
Crucifixion of Saint Peter by Caravaggio (1600, Cerasi Chapel).

Persecuted Christians?

… In a sermon at St. Patrick’s Cathedral, he said, “One must ask if it is not an attack on religion itself and … of the early martyrs are wildly exaggerated, if not completely fictional. But later, better documented deaths … Christians in the United States are not allowed to offer officially sanctioned prayer in public schools, a barrier …
Centennial Seal of the Land Grant Colleges

The 1862 Morrill Act Honored the Liberal Arts As Well As Technical Education

… Several full-page public-service ads celebrated “Milestones in the History of U.S. Higher Education.” The first ad had “1862” emblazoned across the top, accompanied by a photograph of President Abraham Lincoln.   … of the liberal arts.   Today the growing number of public officials who demand primarily “job-creating” courses for …
Burning ships after the Japanese attack of Pearl Harbor.

Not Only Action but Accountability

… Every commentator in America is drawing the parallel between the … loss of life, Americans today should not allow politicians, officials and corporations to evade their obligation to … Qaeda organization could not strike the American homeland? Honest accounting will be required — but not from the …
Sacking of Rome.

Bush’s Road Leads Back to Rome’s Empire

… … to every corner of the world." It sounds like everyone will have to embrace our kind of freedom, like it or … the Roman approach: overwhelming military force.Ý It is now official U.S. policy "to dissuade potential adversaries from … the Romans had paved for their own armies to travel. If war comes, Iraq will be using the computers and cell phones and …
The Prairie Dog is an anti-Jefferson satire, relating to Jefferson's covert negotiations for the purchase of West Florida from Spain in 1804.

Not American Enough? This Political Slur Has a Long History

… with President Obama's birth certificate, still not completely laid to rest, is an extreme version of a tactic … the Founding Fathers:  questioning whether a political opponent is a "real" American. It was first employed more than … an American Reign of Terror if Jefferson became president. One editorial warned that "the soil will be soaked with …
The Obama family attending a 2014 Easter service at 19th Street Baptist Church.

Democrats Revive Our Civic-Religious Traditions

… As Republicans have long done, Democrats are beginning to speak openly about their … who make up the Religious Right, faith is important when it comes to moral issues such as abortion and homosexual … political leaders knew that the promotion of religion was one of the best ways of instilling virtue in the people of …
A teacher and her students in an elementary school classroom.

When a Good Public Education Becomes a Constitutional Right

… California has something to offer the nation as it comes to terms with last month’s Supreme Court ruling … of the student body is white and black students going to ones that are 70 percent black, many reformers have turned … standards has depended upon the good will of elected officials, always a variable. If other states follow …
Barry Faulkner's mural, "The Constitution," depicts the framers of the U.S. Constitution.

Term Limits: Thank Goodness We Didn’t Have Them in 1787

… a proposed constitutional amendment on term limits. One of the main arguments in favor of term limitations has … career began in 1775, when he was elected to the local committee of safety and then to the Virginia Convention, … he faced a skilled, knowledgeable, and experienced opponent. The Framers of the Constitution knew about term …
George H. W. Bush Speaking in St. Louis, 1988. Behind him is Missouri Governor John Ashcroft.

The Danger of Scaring the Voters

… strategists have long been concerned that Americans would become complacent” about the war on terrorism. “Skepticism by voters could obviate what his advisers think is one of his paramount advantages,” the Post says. Bush wants … weak and letting Bush define the campaign agenda.  No one knows which path will win the most votes. Two things are …
Allen Weinstein

Will They Be the National (Secret) Archives?

… about government and what it has been doing. But officials often prefer to work in secrecy.  The historians' … as long as they want; if the president wants to replace one, the president must show cause. Bush did not do that … Assassination Records, and now the files of the 9-11 commission. Decisions about access to these materials should …
A photo of Al Gore I\in Manchester, New Hampshire, campaigning for President of the United States in 1999

The Case of the Disappearing Vice President

… keep alive “destabilizing” questions. Remember Al Gore? Sooner than you think, you too may be calling him … votes for president. But he looked like a backwoods ruffian compared with the venerable John Quincy Adams. So elite … to act up, and nervous investors might take their big money elsewhere. In fact, there is no good reason to think …
Integrated classroom in 1955.

The Long-Term Legacies of Brown v. Board

… multi-cultural society. Ironically, re-segregation has become prevalent in some school districts while at the … as their white counterparts. In addition, school officials in Topeka, Kan.;Little Rock, Ark.; Wilmington, … needs. In Jefferson County, Ky., desegregation was abandoned for a managed choice system that places students in a …
First Lady Michelle Obama reading a Dr. Seuss book to children at the White House.

Celebrating the “Seussentennial”

… fans and their parents know that Theodor S. Geisel was born one hundred years ago this month. Who? While most of us have … has proclaimed 2004 the “Seussentennial,” a year-long commemoration of Geisel’s work. Geisel’s books have expanded … a particular social or political agenda in mind, and anyone familiar with the whimsical silliness of his works would …
Mikhail Gorbachev and President Ronald Reagan posing for a photograph in the White House Library.

The American “Nation Building” Mission and Russia

… details of domestic issues, the most eye-opening comments on foreign policy have stemmed from Gov. George W. … like there was reform" in Russia while corrupt Moscow officials pocketed Western aid; he also rejected the idea … the fact that Republicans, as well as Democrats, have championed misguided missionary approaches to Russia, not only in …