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… needed for decisions we’re stuck with. The Framers weren’t comfortable with slender majorities when the nation’s … extended period. The longer the duration of the democratic commitment, the greater the degree of consensus they … congressional majority won’t do for such consequential business. Setting fundamental and permanent rules of …

… contested elections was normally the first order of business in every new term, both in Virginia and in other … to contested elections. When elections were questioned, common sense, rather than adherence to technicality, … and wrong initials of first names and last names were commonplace. Rather than throw out the ballots, as electoral …

… in the United States diplomatic corps. Though embarrassing to American diplomats, the cables are valuable … he spent the majority of his time working as a de facto commercial agent for the wealthy New England merchant … skills, U.S. foreign agents' lack of language fluency could complicate matters. On the other side of the Atlantic, the …

… from religious life, because government money always comes with strings attached. Understanding that, in the late … Still, many religious leaders in poor neighborhoods welcome any help for their impoverished parishioners and … First Amendment barred a federal establishment of religion. Since then, the nation has benefited greatly from religious …

… over the Clinton scandal. Yet overlooked in the stampede to compare Bill Clinton to Richard Nixon is the fact that … frustrated contemporary political visionaries intent on using Congress to remake American society. Andrew Johnson … a Southerner and white supremacist, utterly refused to accommodate the Radicals’ plans for Reconstruction. Even …

… the terrorist attack seems too much to bear. Professional commentators, and current and former government officials … Serbia refused to extradite him, mighty Austria felt itself compelled by great-power politics (not to mention by the … among populations who believe they have suffered injustice. Since military countermeasures likely will injure innocent …

… that Iraq was a significant threat to the international community. Why is that? Because, the United States — from … The problem was the second attack never occurred. Naval commanders couldn’t even confirm whether their ships had … nightly news, and one is left to wonder what threat the disintegrated Iraqi military posed to the international …

… during the 14 th century and were relied upon with increasing success thereafter to prevent disease from overtaking … strength and quantity, and are well mixed.” Humoral theory, combined with ignorance of germs, created a situation ripe … drink vinegar, mercury, or arsenic. Others ate garlic or a compound made of iron oxide clay, aloe, myrrh, and saffron. …

… over Confederate monuments. How do these two trends in commemorating our nation’s past relate to one anther? What … Brenna Miller  Welcome to History Talk, the podcast that brings together a … opening of the Lynching Memorial has coincided with increasing controversy concerning Confederate monuments around the …

… and Russia, and with nearly two times the per-capita income of China, Brazil is on track to become a major force in the global economy. How Things Change … engulfed in decades-long economic tumult with prices rising at a rate of 80% per month. At that rate, a sandwich …

… of Ukraine: Russia cannot be an empire without Ukraine and coming to terms with Ukraine’s separate nationhood is a … his domestic popularity, but in so doing he exploited complexities and confusions about Ukrainian identity … yet their group political and cultural identity was increasingly marginalized or treated as an ethnographic curiosity. …

… Do the police reify inequality by targeting low-income communities of color or are they the “thin blue line” … urban centers. It called for greater federal spending on housing, education, and welfare as the remedy for riots. … Review of Separate and Unequal: The Kerner Commission and the Unraveling of American Liberalism , by …

… “Greed . . . is good,” said Gordon Gekko when addressing a stockholders’ meeting in Oliver Stone’s 1987 movie, … investments broadly through risky buyouts of disparate companies. Often they stuffed their pockets with cash while … was the Glass-Steagall Act of 1933, which separated commercial and investment banking and restricted the use of …

… it was being spoken about by fans of literature, who often complained about the stifling power of the novel and the … of pawnbroker Alyona Ivanovna and her sister Lizaveta committed by ex-student Rodion Raskolnikov were “the purest … novel offers a path to redemption for the criminal and the sinner. With the historical events of 1866 now long …

… to Byzantium , Herrin relates a story of two builders coming to her office after passing it daily to ask her what exactly Byzantium was or is. … I found myself flying through the pages, feeling very accomplished as I finished each short chapter. This division …

… administrations that deemed the application of force a welcome distraction from domestic problems. At the same time, … War (1962-1970) at the same time that Egypt’s overextended commitment of troops to North-Yemen’s republicans had … intended to return those territories--, including the Sinai Peninsula, the West Bank , and the Golan Height-- in …

… Pirates seem to have suddenly become popular in early modern history. Recently,  titles such … we even have the Islamic Ottoman Imperial government complaining to various Christian governments about their … the reason for this was that the absence of a state church, since the fall of Constantinople in 1453, placed a level of …

… evening, his well-deserved vindication will probably never come. Thrust into a difficult situation — one he handled … Nixon would not be prosecuted for any crimes he might have committed. Forever afterward, Ford was dogged by charges … draft dodgers, and helped thaw the Cold War with the Helsinki Accords. He supported a number of laws designed to …

… went on to Smith College, where she studied psychology and completed a year of graduate work at the University of … she married Carl Friedan, a theater producer and advertising executive with whom she bore three children. They … became a tumultuous marriage, caused in part by Carl’s discomfort with his wife’s success. The couple divorced in …

… and Voltaire. Diderot is remembered today mostly as a compiler of others people's work in his role as editor of … wrote a number of his own philosophical works, letters and commentaries.  Holbach is scarcely remembered at all, though … for aristocracy and absolute monarchs, and other surprisingly modern attitudes, such as a higher regard for the …

… Film Institute ranks the film as the third best American comedy ever made and the 39th best film overall. It would be … “You can’t fight in here! This is the War Room!” But few comedies have endured like Dr. Strangelove, and Strangelove … world leaders and more akin to squabbling spouses. By exposing the false logic and the trivial nature of Cold War …