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The famously burly W.G. Grace was one of Britain's most famous cricket players who stood out from the crowd with both his imposing career and his imposing facial hair.

A Long History of Close Shaves

Review of Of Beards and Men: The Revealing History of Facial Hair, by Christopher Oldstone-Moore (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2016)
… ancient Mesopotamian history. The bearded warrior kings and completely shaven priestly classes established a clear … problem in the Middle Ages, as Roman Catholic Church officials attempted to regulate facial hair.  Crusading … Ages evolved into the Renaissance , the history of beards becomes far more tangled.  Influential figures like Henry VIII …
Mohammed Reza Pahlavi, Shah of Iran, shakes hands with a US Air Force general officer prior to his departure from the United States

The Need to Talk with Iran

… weapon. Any potential United States-Iran dialogue would complement European efforts to persuade the Iranians to … distrust between the two countries, negotiations of course will not be easy. During the Cold War, mutual distrust was a … without frustration and disappointment. A memo by one U.S. official attending these negotiations was prefaced with the …
Albert Hofmann

Albert Hofmann Discovers LSD

… disease was ergotism: poisoning produced by exposure to the compounds found in a fungus that grows on wheat. In the … was a tiny, threshold dose of the compound to himself in order to further test the effects of the drug. He took 250 … recent decades. Similarly, LSD came into the world in the 1930s, but its remarkable effects were not even noticed until …
Martin Luther King Jr. Day March at Southern Arkansas University.

Martin Luther King Jr. Day: A Holiday the Nation Resisted

… the holiday or diminished it by linking it to Confederate commemorations.  Federal recognition had finally arrived, … foreign policy, and economic life. Congress, however, was unwilling to legitimize either King’s contributions or his … when congressional action remained elusive. Black elected officials, labor unions, churches, and civil rights …
The theatrical poster for Birth of a Nation.

3/25/2015: At the Movies: "Birth of a Nation" After 100 Years

… brought in to “overawe” the whites create chaos and disorder in Piedmont, while “helpless whites look on,” frozen … a worse fate. The black mob breaks out windows, rips doors off their hinges and stands ready to overwhelm the small …
Photo of the World Trade Towers after the terrorist attack on September 11, 2001.

The End of a “Safe America”

… buildings and a section of the Pentagon, on Sept. 11. Commentators have noted that the terrorists picked their … economic and military power, the two forces that give our will such heft in the world. But the attack was evoked an … in the United States. They have had little political payoff for Washington, and they have earned us great resentment …
Writing the Declaration of Independence, 1776, Jean Leon Gerome Ferris' idealized 1900 depiction of (left to right) Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, and Thomas Jefferson of the Committee of Five working on the Declaration.

Stealing the First Amendment from the People

… Supreme Court decision, Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission, which freed corporations to spend unlimited … these companies, under full protection of the law, will be able to use the profits gained from millions of new … the government. These banks can now use that money to seal off any efforts at banking reform, whether those efforts …
Cover of A Wicked Company The Forgotten Radicalism of the European Enlightenment by Philipp Blom.

Dangerous (Thinking) Liaisons

Review of A Wicked Company: The Forgotten Radicalism of the European Enlightenment, by Philipp Blom (New York: Basic Books, 2010)
… and Voltaire. Diderot is remembered today mostly as a compiler of others people's work in his role as editor of … had become a wealthy banker, and thus was dependent on the good will of his clientele, which included many of the … Review of A Wicked Company: The Forgotten Radicalism of the European …
Satchel Paige with bat boys in the dugout watching a game in Los Angeles, ca. 1943.

Satchel Paige: The First Negro League Player Inducted into the Hall of Fame

… too frequently heard, “if only you were white,” as a compliment to their skills, but also as a reality check that … he deliberately slowed down his delivery to get the batter off balance. Then there was the “be-ball,” which he named … it is estimated that he won more than 2,000 games, pitched 300 shutouts, and had at least 55 no-hitters. But one can’t …
Cover of The British Way of War by Andrew Lambert

Redefining Strategy in 20th Century Britain

Review of The British Way of War: Julian Corbett and the Battle for a National Strategy by Andrew Lambert (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2021)
… strategic priorities. Corbett disavowed continental commitment and mass armies, believing Britain should instead … to set appropriate priorities. Statesmen, not military officers, should set national priorities and coordinate the … with those priorities. Lambert’s work is exceptional and will appeal to a wide audience. …
Unification council of Orthodox Church in Ukraine, 2018.

The Religious Roots of the War in Ukraine

… (Roman Catholic) and Eastern (Orthodox) churches. Its bishops consecrated their own metropolitan, without the … policies crippled church structures and by the 1930s, many religious leaders were arrested and virtually all … in the Ukrainian Republic . By 1992, there were three competing Orthodox churches in Ukraine: the UOC-MP, a new …
Emancipation Memorial in Lincoln Park, Washington DC.

Bicentennial for Two Great Emancipators

… Both were born on February 12, 1809 — Darwin into a comfortable family in Shropshire, England, Lincoln into … political and moral actions.   Both revolutions share a commitment to the same proposition: that all human beings … In some of his first notes about evolution he railed against the idea that slaves were somehow less than human …
Happy 2nd Lieutenant William Robertson and Lt. Alexander Sylvashko, Soviet Army, shown in front of sign [East Meets West] symbolizing the historic meeting of the Soviet and American Armies, near Torgau, Germany, 1945.

Top Ten Origins: The Best Moments in U.S.-Russian Relations

… many friendly moments as well. These constructive episodes complicate a history that is often painted as invariably … and American President Richard Nixon, 1973. Upon coming to office in 1969, U.S. President Richard Nixon sought a thaw … in 1975. These agreements served as a solid foundation for good relations between the two superpowers. 9. Samantha …
Restored color photo of President Rutherford B. Hayes.

Will an Eighteenth-Century Election System Paralyze America in the Twenty-First Century?

… of people as the electoral college system decides who will be the next president of the United States. The … With charges of fraud flying, Congress set up an electoral commission to settle the issue of who would be the next … the war-torn South were made but never fulfilled. Once in office, President Hayes withdrew federal troops supporting …
Photo of a nuclear explosion.

The Dawn of the Second Cold War

… on July 5 only delays the inevitable. Soon Pyongyang will have a missile that can reach the United States and … But in the Second Cold War, the United States will face incomprehensible foes that cannot be counted on to respond as … leader, Kim Jong Il, accused by South Korea in the 1980s of ordering the bombing of two airliners and otherwise known …
King Capital, caricature by the Slovenian graphic artist and illustrator Hinko Smrekar (first half of the 20th century).

Why Business Loves Laissez Faire

… and the wealthy, and the free and unfettered market will take care of everything. This economic formula was … They have imagined that era as a golden age of free-market competition and laissez-faire government.  Many of these … in one direction, on behalf of private businesses and against the interests of citizens, consumers and workers. So …
"The Bosses of the Senate" (1889). Reformers like the cartoonist Joseph Keppler depicted the Senate as controlled by the giant moneybags, who represented the nation's financial trusts and monopolies.

The Dreary Science Meets Politics

… and the wealthy, and the free and unfettered market will take care of everything. This economic formula was … They have imagined that era as a golden age of free-market competition and laissez-faire government.  Many of these … in one direction, on behalf of private businesses and against the interests of citizens, consumers and workers. So …
Visitors stroll the first section of the High Line Park, over the 18th Street crossing. Frank Gehry's IAC building is in the background.

The High Line: It’s About the Real Estate

… spirit. Even in the mid-19th century, New York City was in competition with new garden suburbs that beckoned well-to-do … world.   Meeting its cost — $152 million, or an impressive $30,000 per lineal foot — required $44 million from corporate … its intricate plantings and high-design fixtures will require more money, likely to be raised with a tax on …
Cover of Patrick Henry: First Among Patriots by Thomas S. Kidd

Patriot or Pragmatist?

Review of Patrick Henry: First Among Patriots, by Thomas S. Kidd (New York: Basic Books, 2011)
Image of Adonis on a red-figure squat lekythos.

Easter: A Season of Renewal

… Hills, in Asia Minor, believed that their god Attis, who committed suicide when frustrated in love, returned to life … is uncertain. One legend holds that it began with Mary, who offered eggs to the Roman soldiers at the cross as she … of life from death, symbols of fertility and hope, the welcoming of a re-awakened earth have spanned culture and time …
Botanic Blooming sagebrush on the great plains

Why the Great Plains Are Dying

… on global climate change is that wet places on the planet will probably get wetter and dry places, like much of the American West, will become even more parched. John Wesley Powell is rolling over … went at the time. The rains stopped again in the 1930s and created the environmental disaster of the Dust Bowl. …
Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin walking on the moon in 1969 with the American flag behind them.

Thirty Years since Apollo 11

… and the United States. Difficult as it is for anyone under 30 to believe, the early 1960s saw the United States and the … economic system. Apollo was also a stunning technological accomplishment. NASA moved in eight years from launching a man … sharply reduced and reliability increases, access to space will remain limited. John Glenn’s return to space and NASA’s …
Cover of Robert Clifton Weaver and the American City The Life and Times of an Urban Reformer by Wendell E. Pritchett.

Invisible Man

Review of Robert Clifton Weaver and the American City: The Life and Times of an Urban Reformer , by Wendell E. Pritchett (University of Chicago Press, 2008)
… the idea of a color-blind America. Media pundits and social commentators nationwide claimed that Obama's election … to earn a Ph.D. in economics from Harvard University (p. 30).  Although he was highly qualified for a number of … start as an advocate for black labor in debates over NRA codes, which garnered him his first position within the …