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Demonstrators protest the judicial proceedings against suspected White Power activists following the Greensboro massacre of 1979.

"Lone Wolves" No More

Review of Bring the War Home: The White Power Movement and Paramilitary America, by Kathleen Belew (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2018)
… that burn in the Baghdad sky Insist there’s a price we must pay A soldier returns from the war in the Gulf A soldier named Tim McVeigh . . . ―Charlie King, The War is Coming Home , 1996 On April 19, 1995, a date fraught with … former soldier Timothy McVeigh—along with several accomplices—detonated a three-and-a-half ton fertilizer bomb …
San Francisco earthquake 1906

San Francisco 1906 and Katrina 2005: The Increasing Costs of Unpreparedness

… the cost of prevention would have been great, but less than paying to repair the damage. If we raise billions to fight … that followed the earthquake wiping out its business and commercial districts. Still the scope of the two disasters is comparable. The number of residents displaced by nature's …
The Benin Bronzes in the African Gallery at the British Museum.

LOOT: Colonial Collections and African Restitution Debates

… North to share collections. Ironically, it was the shortcomings of a UNESCO convention that brought M’Bow to this … in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, suggested that in the coming five years “conditions be put in place for the … restitution” of African cultural heritage. He subsequently commissioned Senegalese academic Felwine Sarr and French art …
An unidentified U.S. Marine Corps corporal fires his weapon at a wounded, unarmed Iraqi lying on the floor of a gutted mosque in Fallujah, Nov. 13, 2004. by Kevin Sites found on NPR.org

Shooting the Wounded: What Are the Rules Now?

… the last decades of the 20th century. Tales of Americans committing atrocities in Korea have persisted for decades. … Calley of killing 22 villagers at My Lai. He may have become a sort of folk hero during his trial and was later … the moral fabric of their nation will not allow them to become war criminals, even if that means losing a war. It is …
Black Women's Rights Leaders

Prologued: Women and the Vote

Analyzing the myth of the women's voting bloc
… to Prologued on: Anchor ( https://anchor.fm/originsosu ) Apple Podcasts ( https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/prologued/id1525013753 ) Spotify ( https://open.spotify.com/show/439Ra0Qdd69CH20lsI6pcZ?si=vSbq3lSRTfOd1LbRHHhQcw ) …
wind turbines

Energy Policy: How is the “Long Transition” from Fossil Fuels Doing?

… over the last four years.  The reasons for that are many, complex, and subject to change in the near and far future.  … to its lowest level in seven years.  Americans are paying on average just above $2.00 per gallon of gas .  Many … the height of the Great Recession in 2008, and through a combination of possible trader manipulation , political …
Nazis at Marienplatz in Munich during the 1923 Beer Hall Putsch.

Hitler’s Beer Hall Putsch and Weimar’s Resolve

… German Republic. Delinquent on World War I reparation payments required by the Treaty of Versailles , Germany … nation, Bavaria appointed Gustav Ritter von Kahr as State Commissioner General ( Generalstaatskommissar ), granting … organizations. Lossow joined in alliance with Kahr and the commander of the Bavarian police, Hans von Seisser, to form …
The flag of the World Health Organization, founded in 1948, flies over the WHO headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland.

Tuberculosis and the Optimism of Biomedicine

… DDT were among the most important. But without the will and commitment on the part of governments, health care … By making formerly sick people well they could then become productive citizens. They would learn the benefits of … experts had this to say in 1995: “Consistently, the world community has failed even to implement those effective and …
Hessian troops surrendering to General George Washington after the Battle of Trenton.

The Return of the Mercenary

… phenomenon. This is why Congress should examine the recommendations made in a 2002 British government Green Paper … Mercenaries — professional soldiers who fight for pay rather than out of ideological conviction — have been … British-based mercenary firm, has contracts with major oil companies such as Texaco and Chevron to protect their assets …
Illustration of global public health by Giovanni Maki, 2004.

The WHO and International Public Health

… epidemiological data on infectious diseases, and offer recommendations on sanitation. The OIPH would later become a partner of the League of Nations Health Organization … Commission’s work. Second, medical professionals still grappled with the intangibility of social rather than …
Visitors stroll the first section of the High Line Park, over the 18th Street crossing. Frank Gehry's IAC building is in the background.

The High Line: It’s About the Real Estate

… which have changed little in 150 years.  Simply put: Parks pay. Like Central Park, the High Line has proved an instant … spirit. Even in the mid-19th century, New York City was in competition with new garden suburbs that beckoned well-to-do … dwellers with natural landscaping, open space, and cheap commuter steamer and train service into the city.   …
Byzantium: The Surprising Life of a Medieval Empire, by Judith Herrin Book Cover

Byzantium for Dummies

Review of Byzantium: The Surprising Life of a Medieval Empire, by Judith Herrin (Princeton University Press, Princeton, 2008)
… to Byzantium , Herrin relates a story of two builders coming to her office after passing it daily to ask her what … I found myself flying through the pages, feeling very accomplished as I finished each short chapter. This division … The Transition from Ancient to Medieval, Byzantium Becomes a Medieval State, and Varieties of Byzantium) and then …
Demonstrators in steadily falling snow outside of the Wisconsin Capitol building.

Wisconsin: A History of Leading the Nation for Better or Worse

… power and with pampering their members at the cost of the common good. Union leaders, however, have offered to make economic concessions, including pay cuts, in response to the need for shared sacrifice. … will add nothing to state coffers, whose depletion will be compounded when Walker's tax breaks for business begin to …
STS-116 mission specialists, NASA astronaut Robert Curbeam and ESA astronaut Christer Fuglesang perform extravehicular activity (EVA) during construction of the International Space Station.

Facing Opportunities and Obstacles in Space

… the development of new technologies to reduce the cost and complexity of operating in space.   These proposals, … the high cost of reaching orbit. When I fly domestically, I pay about $2 per pound of me for a ticket. In contrast, … are rockets infallible: Insurance rates for the launch of a communications satellite can be 10 to 15 percent of its …
Glass negative of Kaiser Wilhelm.

A New Kind of Anti-Americanism

… trade, encouraging the development of the European common market and paying the lion’s share for NATO, the multilateral alliance … supporting right-wing dictatorships in the name of halting communism, but also saw the United States as a defender of …
The Vengeance of Fulvia by Francisco Maura y Montaner, 1888 depicting Fulvia inspecting the severed head of Cicero.

Thinking of Dick Cheney as Cicero

… formally by a court or informally by a non-judicial “truth commission”? Or should he be applauded as a patriot?   Look … would attack, power would be seized and Catiline would become dictator.   Cicero, however, foiled the plot. By adroit … corners. It was a sign that traditional Roman politics was coming to an end when, a few years after the execution of …
Bruce Lee

The Original Street Fighting Man

Review of Striking Distance: Bruce Lee and the Dawn of Martial Arts in America, by Charles Russo Lincoln, NE, University of Nebraska Press, 2016)
Israeli Prime Minister, Levi Eshkol

Six Days That Shook The World

Review of The Six Day War: The Breaking of the Middle East, by Guy Laron (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2017)
… administrations that deemed the application of force a welcome distraction from domestic problems. At the same time, … War (1962-1970) at the same time that Egypt’s overextended commitment of troops to North-Yemen’s republicans had … of whom would garner glory in the conflict and become Prime Minister—proved particularly adroit in pushing …