![1878 Political Cartoon showing Central Asia between the Great British Lion and the Russian Bear 1878 Political Cartoon showing Central Asia between the Great British Lion and the Russian Bear](/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/2-10-img493.jpg?itok=V6g2gwN2)
Source: copyright expired
![Uzbekistan's leader Islam Karimov Uzbekistan's leader Islam Karimov](/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/2-10-img494_0.jpg?itok=-Y1jo1tI)
Source: wikipedia.org released through creative commons license
![Reghistan center of Samarkand, 2008 Reghistan center of Samarkand, 2008](/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/2-10-img496.jpg?itok=gj2n4WXA)
Source: from Author, "Peyrouse-Laruelle"
![Rural poverty in Khorezm, Uzbekistan, 2004 Rural poverty in Khorezm, Uzbekistan, 2004](/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/2-10-img498.jpg?itok=tEZ-WDxK)
Source: from Author, "Peyrouse-Laruelle"
![President of Kazakhstan, Nursultan Nazarbayev (1990-Present) President of Kazakhstan, Nursultan Nazarbayev (1990-Present)](/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/2-10-img499.jpg?itok=TVYD8884)
Source: wikipedia.org
![Kazakhstan President Nursultan Nazarbayev and Russian President Dmitri Medvedev in 2008 Kazakhstan President Nursultan Nazarbayev and Russian President Dmitri Medvedev in 2008](/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/2-10-img500.jpg?itok=sO-1W6hx)
Source: www.kremlin.ru
![Kazakhstan President Nursultan Nazarbayev with President George Bush, 2005 Kazakhstan President Nursultan Nazarbayev with President George Bush, 2005](/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/2-10-img501.jpg?itok=VHity-47)
Source: Open Source-from the U.S. Government
![Kyrgyzstan President Kurmanbek Bakiyev Kyrgyzstan President Kurmanbek Bakiyev](/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/2-10-img502.jpg?itok=QO_2o3-U)
Source: wikipedia.org released through creative commons license
![Kyrgyzstan President Kurmanbek Bakiyev with then Secretary of State Condoleeza Rice, 2006 Kyrgyzstan President Kurmanbek Bakiyev with then Secretary of State Condoleeza Rice, 2006](/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/2-10-img503.jpg?itok=KaHaKSyn)
Source: Open Source-from the U.S. Government
![Tajikistan President Emomali Rahmon Tajikistan President Emomali Rahmon](/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/2-10-img507.jpg?itok=fRAihvzY)
Source: Public Domain-Work of American Government
![Former Kyrgyzstan President Askar Akayev (1990-2005) Former Kyrgyzstan President Askar Akayev (1990-2005)](/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/2-10-img508.jpg?itok=HojuhGaR)
Source: Public Domain-Work of American Government
![Primary School Team in Samarkand, 2002 Primary School Team in Samarkand, 2002](/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/2-10-img512.jpg?itok=MsCMDlu4)
Source: from Author, "Peyrouse-Laruelle"
![A Merchant selling carpets in Tolkuchka, Turkmenistan, 2008 A Merchant selling carpets in Tolkuchka, Turkmenistan, 2008](/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/2-10-img513.jpg?itok=K8RNNGWb)
Source: from Author, "Peyrouse-Laruelle"
![Small businessmen in Tolkuchka, Turkmenistan, 2008 Small businessmen in Tolkuchka, Turkmenistan, 2008](/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/2-10-img514.jpg?itok=fuiQnZSQ)
Source: from Author, "Peyrouse-Laruelle"
![The main medresse in Bukhara, Uzbekistan, 2005 The main medresse in Bukhara, Uzbekistan, 2005](/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/2-10-img515.jpg?itok=z1kSkUQC)
Source: from Author
![An example of urban desertification in industrial areas, Zhanatas, Kazakhstan, 2004 An example of urban desertification in industrial areas, Zhanatas, Kazakhstan, 2004](/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/2-10-img516.jpg?itok=lx4mCXpR)
Source: from Author, "Peyrouse-Laruelle"
![The shrinking Aral Sea, with a marooned boat on a former harbour, 2004 The shrinking Aral Sea, with a marooned boat on a former harbour, 2004](/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/2-10-img517.jpg?itok=vG2_n1b1)
Source: from Author, "Peyrouse-Laruelle"
![Center of Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, 2008 Center of Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, 2008](/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/2-10-img518.jpg?itok=2KIg36NV)
Source: from Author, "Peyrouse-Laruelle"
![Chinese bazaar in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, 2008 Chinese bazaar in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, 2008](/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/2-10-img519.jpg?itok=nLnbtMY9)
Source: from Author, "Peyrouse-Laruelle"
![New administrative city in Astana, Kazakhstan, 2008 New administrative city in Astana, Kazakhstan, 2008](/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/2-10-img521.jpg?itok=Dby6wmqV)
Source: from Author, "Peyrouse-Laruelle"
![New national pantheon-Somoni in Dushanbe, Tajikistan, 2008 New national pantheon-Somoni in Dushanbe, Tajikistan, 2008](/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/2-10-img522.jpg?itok=qO-5Iui-)
Source: from Author, "Peyrouse-Laruelle"
![Opium poppies in South Kyrgyzstan, 2004 Opium poppies in South Kyrgyzstan, 2004](/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/2-10-img523.jpg?itok=FwO7q2IW)
Source: from Author, "Peyrouse-Laruelle"
![Gold statue of former Turkmen President Saparmurat Niyazov (Turkmenbashi) in Ashgabat, Turkmenistan Gold statue of former Turkmen President Saparmurat Niyazov (Turkmenbashi) in Ashgabat, Turkmenistan](/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/2-10-img524.jpg?itok=n2niV2Tw)
Source: from Author, "Peyrouse-Laruelle"
![The Pamir Mountains Tajikistan, 2004 The Pamir Mountains Tajikistan, 2004](/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/2-10-img525.jpg?itok=TuRUNSC_)
Source: from Author, "Peyrouse-Laruelle"
![Propaganda Poster in Tashkent, Uzbekistan: “It is the duty of every citizen to defend the Republic of Uzbekistan” Propaganda Poster in Tashkent, Uzbekistan: “It is the duty of every citizen to defend the Republic of Uzbekistan”](/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/2-10-img526.jpg?itok=w2prf6d_)
Source: from Author, "Peyrouse-Laruelle"
Source: Public Domain (wikipedia.org)
![Petty trade at the Uzbek-Kyrgyz border, 2003 Petty trade at the Uzbek-Kyrgyz border, 2003](/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/2-10-img531.jpg?itok=JA1K7mRD)
Source: from Author, "Peyrouse-Laruelle"