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Bronze statue of Sir William Blackstone.

Back to the 17th Century: Money and Political Speech

… is, and used this argument to weaken the campaign finance reforms passed after Watergate. One of the justices even … of political activities links citizenship to wealth in a way that has long been outside the mainstream of American … rather, he wrote, “[t]he electors themselves are becoming the oligarchy.” Mill’s fear, like that of today’s …

Dry Days Down Under: Australia and the World Water Crisis

… make matters worse, thirsty animals have been barging their way into human settlements. Snake bites are on the rise in … is a self-reinforcing event. How, we should ask, has it come to all this? Australia's water woes are, in part, a … breaking floods, made all the worse by Cyclone Ului. The "best rain in years" fell through much of the southern and …
soldiers in Vietnam

Memories of Vietnam in Memoriam

Review of Nothing Ever Dies: Vietnam and the Memory of War, by Viet Thanh Nguyen Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2016.
… the Philippines and to the United States.  In the same way, the book ranges across sources from war memorials to … who view the dead and choose to remember them. This is a complex work.  Equal parts philosophical treatise, … which groups build and justify policies of remembering and forgetting.  By delving into the distinctive qualities which …

The Long, Long Struggle for Women's Rights in Afghanistan

… a woman is a kind of property, to be used by the man in any way that he wants." They encountered a much larger group of … and I were fortunate enough to be granted permission to visit northern Afghanistan. We were an unlikely group to be … had very recently joined forces with the celebrated Tajik commander Ahmad Shah Massoud to establish the "Northern …
The words "Equal Justice Under Law" which are inscribed on the front of the U.S. Supreme Court building in Washington, D.C.

The Ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment

… acted, and Secretary of State William Henry Seward formally announced the ratification on July 28. It was a … ratification of the original Constitution itself. In many ways, it gave Americans a new constitution. On the most … too much about it." (Library of Congress) But that did not come to pass. The “no state shall” language was ideally …
A memorial to Holocaust victims in front of a Jewish cemetery.

A Postcard from Berlin: Confronting a Troubled Past

… the admirable and deplorable in their past, and do not shy away from engaging with it on a critical level. The … gradually become taller and more imposing the deeper the visitor wanders into the center. Berliners respect what the … birthday. The meshing of politics and the past is perhaps best represented in the East Side Gallery, a public display …
Hubert Robert's 1785 painting "Fire in Rome," showing the events of 64 CE.

The Ancient Roman Origins of Government Disaster Response

… see him conferring with advisors, reassuring people, often visiting the site of the disaster or a relief center—usually … erected statues of him. Tiberius then struck and circulated coins celebrating his rebuilding efforts, the ancient … government response, however, was the emperor Nero. It always surprises people to hear that anything we consider …
One of Havana's plazas without a church.

A Postcard From Havana, Cuba

… of Florida, yet American citizens have been restricted from visiting the island for generations. Morro Castle, the … revolutions throughout the hemisphere. It wasn’t always so. After gaining independence in 1898, Cuba had a … the city: government or family owned. Locals say that the best way to distinguish between the two types of …

"Merchants of Death": The International Traffic in Arms

… upon a sting operation with DEA agents posing as would-be buyers from FARC, the Revolutionary Armed Forces of … nineteenth century, Liège had taken the African gun trade away from Birmingham, and the Belgian city accounted for some … infamous sales agent for Vickers, was probably the world's best-known arms dealer through World War I. Zaharoff once …
Photograph of a mock-up of the Little Boy nuclear weapon dropped on Hiroshima, Japan, in August 1945. This was the first photograph of the Little Boy bomb casing to ever be released by the U.S. government (it was declassified in 1960).

Sowing Nuclear Seeds of Division

… was that scientists kept inventing new “nukes” and new ways to deliver them. He felt compelled to build almost all … person and object in the world is at every moment and how best to destroy it. Won’t the generals demand whatever the … the program is in place, they will stop carping and start buying. Generals around the world will want those new …
State of Israel Prime Minister, Ariel Sharon, pictured during a defense meeting held at the Pentagon in Washington, District of Columbia (DC).

Is Sharon Following in the Steps of Nixon and de Klerk?

… with Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas. It was Sharon’s visit to the al-Aqsa mosque as opposition leader in … for this apparent transformation. Sharon is working toward complete Israeli disengagement from the Gaza Strip, … result in a Palestinian state. There’s still a long way to go, but few would have predicted Sharon to make it …
IRA gunmen in Northern Ireland

From the Cold War to the War on Terror

… The September 11 th  attacks put terrorism in the forefront of American consciousness. Since then, the U.S. … dates back well into the Cold War. How did terrorism become a focal point of U.S. foreign policy? How did earlier … deeper history tell us about what terrorism is, how our common assumptions about it might be wrong, and how we …

Currency Wars, or Why You Should Care About the Global Struggle Over the Value of Money

… spiral of devaluations in an effort to export their way out of the ongoing economic slump. And the inescapable … the number of dollars in circulation in order to buy these bonds, with an end result of depreciating the … contained. Trade in East Asia was fueled in part by silver coins from Mexico. Prior to the Meiji Restoration of 1868 in …
These false killer whales were part of an MSE in Flinders Bay, Australia, July of 1986.

Washed Ashore: Marine Mammals from Medieval Times to Today

… to save the lives of the stranded whales . Despite the  efforts  of the Department of Conservation and New Zealand’s … and tied to ropes and anchors off the bay, left to decompose within the ecosystem. Europeans who lived in the … to mass stranding events (MSEs) in their own religious ways but their treatment of the beached mammals was very …
The Favorites of Emperor Honorius by John William Waterhouse depicts the emperor's court in the 5th century CE.

Financing Salvation in Late Antiquity

Review of The Ransom of the Soul: Afterlife and Wealth in Early Western Christianity, by Peter Brown (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 2015.)
Dolley Madison, 1804, by Gilbert Stuart.

Women’s History and a Woman’s Subtle Power

… a black president at the nation’s helm, even the most glib commentators can justify focusing on black history. But … power.   The study of history is the study of power. For thousands of years, history has used the crudest measure … kings and candidates.   No one tells us more about all the ways that power works than people excluded from its official …

The UN, the WHO, and the Future of U.S. Diplomacy

… First agenda, U.S. administrations have been shifting away from cooperation with international institutions for … which coordinated international expertise to promote best practices learned from the post-war rebuilding while … Ncogoabahizi (right, background) and two members of a WHO visiting team, Drs. David Yarom and Victor Zammit-Tabona, …
Attica

A History of Athens Beyond Decline

Review of Athens After Empire: A History from Alexander the Great to the Emperor Hadrian, by Ian Worthington (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2020)
… story, the myth relegates that city’s more interesting, complicated history to the margins. Ian Worthington’s latest … Alexander the Great to the Emperor Hadrian , is, I think, best understood as an attempt to tell the history of Athens … and religious life, respectively. They are somewhat awkward waystations, though, and their contents should have been …

Private Matter or Public Crisis? Defining and Responding to Domestic Violence

… the elevator. (Photo Credit, AP)  In late July 2014, NFL Commissioner Roger Goodell also handed Rice a two game … police departments’ policies of looking the other way when men beat women and a social-service system … ambiguity in the law because they thought it would be the best way to counteract what one court called a “policy of …
"Where do we go from here?," a 1920 cartoon depicting the League of Nations Covenant and the Treaty of Versailles

The Versailles Treaty Fight

… today’s United Nations Security Council is modelled), met formally for the first time on January 16, 1920. The leaders … outer limit of U.S. foreign policy for a generation. The way in which the U.S. assumed global leadership after 1945, … in the form of Uncle Sam withholding the keystone to complete the "League of Nations Bridge." The traditional way

Are Women People? The Equal Rights Amendment Then and Now

… victory signals that the ERA has a renewed chance to become the 28 th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. To be … (the 19 th Amendment was ratified in 1920), it has not always been clear that the ERA would benefit all women since … put another way, that domestic and child-rearing tasks are best performed by women. A protester’s sign mocks the notion …

Outdoing Panama: Turkey’s ‘Crazy’ Plan to Build an Istanbul Canal

… suspended high over the Bosporus, the rough waterway that bisects the city and marks the geographic boundary … on the Bosporus—a strait crowded not only with urban commuters and pleasure craft, but Russian oil tankers … achieving that goal remains only remotely possible or, at best, years away. Nonetheless, the party's electoral slogan …
lab tech with vaccine

Vaccines and Responsible Parenthood

Review of Vaccine Nation: America’s Changing Relationship with Immunization, by Elena Conis (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2014)
… scientists hoped that vaccines could be used to eradicate common childhood diseases such as mumps and rubella. Yet this optimism soon gave way as critiques of vaccination became increasingly popular. … U.S., down by 98% from 1968. The next major federal push for immunization came during the Carter Administration as …