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Jackie Robinson

Top Ten Origins: The World Series

… 5 games to 3 One game in the 1903 World Series. The National League began in 1876, evolving out of the National Association, which dated to 1871. Over the next … two leagues, including the raiding of players contracted to National League teams by the new circuit (the American …
President Nixon looking at a CIA map in 1970.

Why an Intelligence Inquiry Is Needed

… in the executive branch, claiming that it was riddled with Soviet agents who were responsible for everything from the … with the creation of the Defense Department, the National Security Council and the CIA in the aftermath of … the conflict as a branch of the Cold War against the Soviet Union. With appropriate guidelines, any commission set up in …
A card celebrating March 8 as International Women’s Day.

International Women's Day

… adding the date 3/8. Only then did I realize that International Women’s Day, celebrated worldwide on March 8, seems … International Women’s Day as a communist holiday in the new Soviet Union . The same year, Chinese communists began to celebrate …
A map showing Israel and Palestine

Palestine and Israel: A Case of Incomplete Decolonization

… In all cases, the goal of statehood that late-developing nationalists embraced required outside intervention. In four … settler interests and conceded independence to the nationalists. Southern Rhodesia-Zimbabwe and South Africa … countries was wage guerrilla warfare and appeal to the international community. An international embargo on Southern …
Glass negative of Kaiser Wilhelm.

A New Kind of Anti-Americanism

… at the height of the Cold War in the 1950s and 1960s. The Soviet Union and its allies then propagated the view that the … the political spectrum supported as the most important international organization in history. Moreover, even traditional …
Portrait of Louis XVI, King of France and Navarre, c. 1779

The Execution of Louis XVI

… la Marseillaise , the song the soldiers of the Federated National Guard had brought with them to Paris the previous … imagine a France without the king. The deputies of the National Assembly had advocated a constitutional monarchy, … town of Varennes and escorted back to Paris by six thousand national guardsmen. As they made their way back to Paris, …
The United States Declaration of Independence

The Writing Is Faded, the Message Lives

… this manner? Simply put, the Declaration gradually became a national icon — the civic equivalent of stone tablets that … wanted to see the document and galvanize their sense of national identity. So for all to see the document, it was … copy — the one that tens of millions have seen at the National Archives in Washington — was ratified on July 4. A …
Storming the Bastille

Storming the Bastille (July 14, 1789)

… political practice. It also helped to usher in modern nationalism and nation-states. And it became a model of … the French chose to make the Storming of the Bastille their national holiday. Through all the upheavals of France’s … memory of the first official celebration of 14 July as a national holiday. Finished in 1882, Roll's work depicted the …
American Theocracy: The Peril and Politics of Radical Religion, Oil, and Borrowed Money in the 21st Century, by Kevin Phillips book cover.

American Theocracy: The Peril and Politics of Radical Religion, Oil, and Borrowed Money in the 21st Century

Review of American Theocracy: The Peril and Politics of Radical Religion, Oil, and Borrowed Money in the 21st Century, by Kevin Phillips New York: Viking, 2006
… Nixon administration envisioned itself at a crossroads of national proportions. Having won the 1968 election in the … mind, this coming maelstrom is linked with the burgeoning union between oil politics, grassroots fundamentalism, and the financialization of the national economy. His book is broken into three sections …
First house built with a loan from the Federal Housing Administration after World War II.

Reforming a Welfare State

… was advertised after World War II as an alternative to both Soviet style socialism and “free market” capitalism, was … fighting the Cold War. A social security style system of “national health insurance,” proposed by President Truman in … health insurance based on type of employment and unionization came to take its place. Federal aid to …
poster supporting those lost in Pearl Harbor

Mobilizing for Common Purpose in the COVID Era

… in the war. Indeed, the slogan shouted at the Democratic National Convention that nominated Woodrow Wilson for a … in part, by Ohio Humanities, a state affiliate of the National Endowment for the Humanities. Any views, findings, … in this content do not necessarily represent those of the National Endowment for the Humanities. … Allan M. Winkler … …
The Postcolonial State in Africa: Fifty Years of Independence, 1960-2010, by Crawford Young Book Cover.

Fifty Years and Counting

Review of The Postcolonial State in Africa: Fifty Years of Independence, 1960-2010, by Crawford Young (Chicago: University of Wisconsin Press, 2012)
… control to post-colonial state apparatuses, and attempts to nationalize major industries along socialist lines. The … on post-independence states and internal conflicts and nationalism, ethnicity, and identity stand out as … … Elizabeth Perego … Reviews … Africa … Diplomacy/International Relations … Decolonization … Global/Transnational … …
President Franklin D. Roosevelt and outgoing President Herbert Hoover on Inauguration Day in 1933.

COVID, the New Deal, and the Importance of Leadership

… constructing a road in what is now the Cuyahoga Valley National Park. In this time of crisis, no one understood the … in part, by Ohio Humanities, a state affiliate of the National Endowment for the Humanities. Any views, findings, … in this content do not necessarily represent those of the National Endowment for the Humanities. … Allan M. Winkler … …
Image of a junior high school classroom from Harris & Ewing Photographs.

An Historic Opportunity in Education

… conflict with the reserved rights of the people under our national organic law. If put into effect, it will destroy … Bush (the first) and Clinton fought for the development of national education standards, a policy that would have been … years, they remain, generally speaking, at low levels. This national problem has provoked the public to demand a …

American Populism and the Persistence of the Paranoid Style

… Broder had been impressed by her recent address to the National Tea Party Convention, one of the sundry right-wing … aggressively regulate—some Populists went so far as to say nationalize—the railroad and telegraph networks. They also sought direct election of Senators and a national income tax. In other words, these original …
President Bill Clinton addressing a high school in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1999.

The Politics of Compassion

… ill fed," with tangible programs to protect trade unions, establish minimum wages, subsidize school lunches, … children. At the same time, they advocated such policies as National Health Insurance, guaranteed annual incomes, and a … much harder to mobilize their core constituencies — trade unionists, low income and minority voters, and those …
Students at the Tuberculosis Sanitorium, Phoenix Indian School, ca. 1890-1910.

Early American Contagions

… or other signs of ill-health were more likely to die. Union Army soldiers during the American Civil War suffered … infected with measles, twenty percent succumbed. The Union Army was no “virgin soil” for diseases. In other … in part, by Ohio Humanities, a state affiliate of the National Endowment for the Humanities. Any views, findings, …

Killing the Arctic

… examination and more than a little concern. Each year, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) … ways. On a remote outpost in Svalbard lies an abandoned Soviet mining town called Pyramiden. Occupied from 1927 - … river ports, air routes, roads, and railways. In the Soviet Union it was accomplished by forced resettlement and …
Former President Jimmy Carter

Putting Ex-Presidents Back to Work

… of State James A. Baker as co-chair, Carter will lead a national bipartisan commission on election reform. His … together would be likely to encourage solutions to complex national and international problems. Although the Carter … referred to former presidents as “that most exclusive trade union.” Exclusive, indeed. Our former presidents are a band …