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Atomic bomb damage on Hiroshima gas building.

Time to Confront the Ethics of Hiroshima

… indefensibility of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima is becoming a part of the national conservative creed." But times … In recent decades most American conservatives have become uncritical of America's use of atomic weapons and … and profoundly offensive to all Americans and Japanese who died in that war, and to those Americans who still possess …
Photo of William Colby

Casting the Long Shadow of the CIA

Review of Shadow Warrior: William Egan Colby and the CIA, by Randall B. Woods (New York: Basic Books, 2013)
… William Colby has become a more or less forgotten figure in the turbulent … Vietnam. The South Vietnamese regime headed by Ngo Dinh Diem was problematic from the American perspective. Because … policies of the Ngo government. They urged Diem to adopt some sort of popular program to counter that …
A homeless man outside the outside the United Nations building in New York with the American flag in the background.

A New Abolition Movement — Against Poverty

… tax credit for children to the nation’s 6.5 million low-income families, and has buried the measure in another round … abolition aroused a cadre of reformers who unsettled public complacency in less than a century. In 1780, Pennsylvania … this penumbra of resignation about poverty has not proved easy. The 19th-century English radical William Cobbett was …
Immigrants on ocean steamer passing the Statue of Liberty, New York City, 1887.

Strangers in the Land: An Old Theme Replayed

… immigrants from Southern and Eastern Europe provided cheap and abundant labor for the American industrial … United States, built on its Anglo-Saxon heritage, could accommodate large numbers of Slavs and Italians whose …
Rick Santorum at prayer, 2012

Rick Santorum and Fundamentalist Catholicism

… in the polls among GOP voters precisely because he is so comfortable mixing politics and religion. He presents a … the kind of bigotry American Catholics have tried to overcome. What may be less familiar is that Santorum’s brand of … President Obama of worshiping a “false theology.” Some commentators read this comment as an appeal to the birther …
President Ronald Reagan in 1984.

Coming: Something New in Presidents

… important new biographical details to the traditional commander-in-chief profile. After having 43 presidents cut … between the ages of 42 and 78. They have invariably embodied conventional social choices (at least publicly). Almost … also promise to set some precedents. Rudy Giuliani would become only the second divorced president but, more important, …
The Rodina crew. Left to right: Polina Osipenko, Valentina Grizodubova, and Marina Raskova.

The Rodina Flight

The Remarkable Story of the Women’s Non-Stop Long-Distance Flight Record
… miles in a straight line).  Plans for the women’s flight commenced three months earlier in August 1938. Valeriy … date to late September. By the time she recovered, a state commission recommended canceling the flight due to poor … 15. Shevchenko, Nikolay, “How Three Soviet Women Nearly Died Chasing their Aviation Dream, Gateway to Russia , …
The World Trade Center towers on September 11, 2001

The War on Terror

… questions facing American society and the international community in these uncertain times. ( Image Source ) … Patrick Potyondy  Welcome to History Talk the podcast that brings together a … is John Mueller, Woody Hayes, chair of national security studies at the Mershon Center for International Security …
An AIDS testing site in Moscow, 1987.

The Blame Game: The USSR’s Response to HIV/AIDS

… for the virus and denied the possibility of extensive community spread among the Soviet population—offers a … Moscow, 1987. The number of infected was initially low in comparison to the USA, where the virus was spreading more … Soviet Union. The Ministry of Health, the USSR’s all-encompassing health and wellness institution, also stated that …
Sarah Palin

Sarah Palin Distorts the Founders’ Religious Views

… citizens to celebrate this week,” she indicated that no comparable proclamations for, say, Alaska’s Jews or Muslims would be forthcoming. Gov. Palin’s statement cited the leading Founding … that of the entire country. Let’s hope that, if she does become vice president, she will rethink her position. To do so …

Taiwan's 2008 Elections: A New Direction for the 'Other China'?

… is not quite as large as Massachusetts and Rhode Island combined. It is also the second-most densely populated … and a Leninist party structure in 1924 (the year before Sun died), the KMT under Chiang Kai-shek's leadership ran a … 27 April 1910 – 13 January 1988. As a teenager, he studied communism and engineering in the Soviet Union, and …
A woman voting in the early 20th century.

Could We Postpone the Election — Even If We Wanted To?

… During the last four weeks, the Election Assistance Commission, the Justice Department and the Department of … to demonstrate that state or local officials no longer were competent to oversee elections. Yet four years later, little … should begin preparing for the 2006 elections. A bipartisan commission to handle the task would remove concerns that an …
A teacher and her students in an elementary school classroom.

When a Good Public Education Becomes a Constitutional Right

… California has something to offer the nation as it comes to terms with last month’s Supreme Court ruling … and safe facilities. Even more important, they provided easy ways to file complaints and measure compliance. … improvement in California’s public schools didn’t come cheap. Over the first four years, beginning in 2005, $800 …
An artist's rendering of the Tunguska event

The 1908 Tunguska Event and the Threats of Tomorrow

… No disaster scenario more challenges human hopes to overcome nature’s forces than the sudden and unpredicted strike … so too can a homo-apocalypse. This miniscule possibility becomes all the more unnerving because increasingly scientists … but there is also little confidence that we would see one coming. In April 2018 , for instance, an undetected asteroid …
The National Crest of Transnistria.

Transnistria: The History Behind the Russian-backed Region

… five to ten individuals planted 12 anti-tank mines at a telecommunications complex, destroying two large radio antennas. More recently, … on orders from Moscow. In all likelihood, the Russian soldiers themselves decided to intervene because they had …

Child Kidnapping in America

… the money). This refusal brought him a torrent of negative commentary and helped to define for the future what … All the attention on Charley's disappearance also raised a completely new awareness about the crime of child abduction … children. At the same time, the frantic search for remedies, and the wide media fascination for these cases, has …

Currency Wars, or Why You Should Care About the Global Struggle Over the Value of Money

… that these and other countries were entering into a competitive spiral of devaluations in an effort to export … the late 1990s and Argentina in the early 2000s. Various studies have found that currency appreciation played a role in … contained. Trade in East Asia was fueled in part by silver coins from Mexico. Prior to the Meiji Restoration of 1868 in …
Slobodan Milosevic, just after signing the Dayton Agreement

Lessons from the Holocaust Are Relevant to the Crisis in Kosovo

… terrain. When the war did not progress as planned, military commitments escalated. America’s credibility had to be … of the so-called “lessons of the past” presently being bandied about. It concerns the West’s response to the … from history, our present actions seem commendable. The easy response to today’s crisis is to say that the problems …
U.S. National Archives building

New Laws Needed to Stop Bullying of National Archives

… often waited for controversies surrounding a President to die down before opening contentious documents. A federal … blocked documents while he was alive. Two years after Nixon died in 1994, Archives’ officials finally released the … honorably may struggle with his past. Governance is complex and politics messy. Laws demand disclosure of what …
1864 depiction of the Fort Pillow Massacre in Frank Leslie’s Illustrated Newspaper

Ten Moments of White Supremacist Violence in U.S. History

… Battle of Fort Pillow in Tennessee, Confederates under the command of General Nathan Bedford Forrest fulfilled this … they slaughtered an estimated 300 surrendering black soldiers, some even as they lay wounded in hospital tents. Two … during the war, it became a rallying cry for black soldiers to “Remember Fort Pillow!” After the war, General …
A view of Cinicinnati in 1841. The waterways that brought cholera to the city feature prominently in this depiction.

Pandemic Redux: Revisiting Cincinnati’s 1849 Cholera in the Age of COVID-19

… December 25, 1848, brought an unwelcome gift to the Queen City. That Christmas Day, a dying man … to the Ohio Valley. Some 6,000 Cincinnatians would die, 5% of the city’s roughly 115,000 population. And death, … as the dirtiest city of its kind in the Union. Some of the gutters in the principal streets are so offensive to the eye …
Gunslingers in the 19th century. This is the Ned Christie posse.

Gun Control and the Old West

… to bear arms, but the record puts them behind “moderate, common-sense measures” for gun control — the very kind … Americans today don’t want to believe: a town that allows easy access to guns invites trouble. What these cow-town … six-shooter loaded with deadly cartridges is a dangerous companion for any man, especially if he should unfortunately …
The defendants in the dock at the International Military Tribunal. They were organized in the dock according to the importance of their positions in the Nazi leadership.

The Nuremberg Judgment

… alternate judge John Parker, French judge Henri Donnedieu de Vabres, French alternate judge Robert Falco. As the … from its worst impulses—how to create a new international community based on “respect for the human person” and belief … other British and French judges (Norman Birkett, Henri Donnedieu de Vabres, Robert Falco) then elaborated on the crimes …