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A U.S. FBI agent sorts through rubble. (Photo by the U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation)

The 1998 East African Embassy Bombings

… embassies in Nairobi, Kenya and Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania. The attacks utilized massive truck bombs that nearly … his rhetorical war against America the previous February, when he published a fatwa (religious edict), on behalf of a … between March 1997 and May 1998. The date of the operation was symbolic—August 7, 1998 was the 8-year anniversary of …
Cover of The Lost World of Old Europe: The Danube Valley, 5000-3500 BC by David W. Anthony and  Jennifer Y. Chi.

The Lost World of Old Europe: The Danube Valley, 5000-3500 BC

Review of The Lost World of Old Europe: The Danube Valley, 5000-3500 BC, by David W. Anthony and Jennifer Y. Chi (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2010. pp. 254)
The Lost World of Old Europe: The Danube Valley, 5000-3500BC … and showing that a "rich and complex world can be found when looking beyond traditional and narrow definitions of … by archaeologists," (p. 85) and it seems that the house was not deemed an appropriate location for displays of …

The Other Half of the African Sky: Women’s Struggles in Zimbabwe

… Three days before Americans gathered around their tables to carve their Thanksgiving … ceremony in the East Room of the White House. The occasion was to honor female activists who "undermined their … In conscious practice, they refuse to be beaten down. When being repeatedly struck to the ground and "beaten black …

Conflict Termination: How to End -- and Not to End -- Insurgencies

… Concern over the trajectory of the on-going American military commitment … now apparent in the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, how and when we get out of these wars may be the most important … the European theater, where in the final analysis the war was brought to a close by advancing Allied troops, conflict …
Under Attlee's direction, the Labour Party's position on foreign affairs in the 1930s was somewhat inconsistent. A believer in the "collective security" represented by the League of Nations, Attlee opposed rearmament even as he pushed for firmer measures against Nazi aggression.

A Sheep in Sheep’s Clothing

Review of Clement Attlee: The Man Who Made Modern Britain, by John Bew (New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2017).
… Having just presided over Britain’s victory in the Second World War , Winston Churchill had believed he had … Attlee as a figure of little stature or significance. He was, in Churchill’s memorable phrase, “a sheep in sheep’s … a member of the War Cabinet and acting in Churchill’s stead whenever the prime minister was away. By 1945, the Labour …
Khrushchev during his visit to the Agricultural Research Service Center in Maryland.

Khrushchev’s Great American Road Trip

Review of Nikita Khrushchev's Journey into America, by Lawrence J. Nelson and Matthew G. Schoenbachler (Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas, 2019)
… Party and Premier of the Soviet Union , arrived in Washington for a tour of the country. The first Russian … Khrushchev, master of captive nations,” a “Murderer.” But when he was able to connect with individuals, Khrushchev had … what he saw as an historical inevitability. If Marxist-Leninist doctrine was correct, then communism would outlast …
The Nature of Childhood: An Environmental History of Growing Up in America since 1865 Book Cover

Play, Paranoia, and American Childhood in the Great Outdoors

Review of The Nature of Childhood: An Environmental History of Growing Up in America since 1865, by Pamela Riney-Kehrberg (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2014)
… For this reviewer, who believes whole-heartedly that the best years in life fall between third grade and middle … begins its story a period of major historical transition, when the United States began to hurtle along a path of … the grand country-to-city transition in American society was partially responsible for this sheltering of childhood. …
Count Gaston aboard his Jeantaud electric, 1899.

The Jeantaud Electric Car Land Speed Record

… On December 18, 1898, the Jeantaud electric vehicle set the world’s first … electric vehicles at the turn of the 20th century.  France was an early automotive hub in the late 19th century, … Charles Jeantaud, utilized this new battery technology when he began building electric vehicles in 1881. He first …
The defendants in the dock at the International Military Tribunal. They were organized in the dock according to the importance of their positions in the Nazi leadership.

The Nuremberg Judgment

… On September 30, 1946, the Palace of Justice in Nuremberg, Germany, was a hub of activity. The International Military Tribunal … had waited for since the end of the Second World War , when the victors had agreed to “stay the hand of vengeance” …
President George Bush signing deregulation papers with gas company employees looking on

Texas, Enron, and Energy Monopolies

… Think about some of the iconic images that you would choose to represent Texas – … tied together since the start of the twentieth century, when oil was discovered close to Houston in Spindletop. The Lucas …

Feast and Famine: The Global Food Crisis

… In June 2009, the United Nations' Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) … the nineteenth century, this nakedly extractive system was largely dismantled and replaced with a "settler-colonial … regime, however, did not survive the early 1970s, when a convergence of economic and climatic events produced …
Cover of The Invisible Bridge by Rick Perlstein

There Are No Heroes Here: American Malaise in the Seventies

Review of The Invisible Bridge: The Fall of Nixon and the Rise of Reagan, by Rick Perlstein (New York: Simon and Schuster, 2014)
… With The Invisible Bridge, Rick Perlstein—a journalist by … In this newest volume , Perlstein examines a brief period when “America suffered more wounds to its ideal of itself … who just didn’t get it . To the circles, Ronald Reagan was a joke, a B-side version of Barry Goldwater. On the

Feminism in Egypt: New Alliances, Old Debates

… 2011 to 2014, breathtaking political changes transformed the lives of men and women in Egypt . First, with the slogan … of almost two-thirds of the seats in parliament. Morsi was the winner of Egypt’s first competitive presidential … press (written by women and about women’s issues) in 1892, when she founded al-Fatah (The Young Girl). Authors Malak …
In this 1805 painting, the artist imagines American planter and Indian agent Benjamin Hawkins teaching Creeks to use a plow on his Georgia plantation.

Reflecting on Justice 200 Years after the Creek Civil War

… militarily into a civil war among Native Americans to bring the war to the end that the Anglo-American leaders deemed … the direction of their communities. But the civil war was also about justice. Government is rendered illegitimate when people find it unjust, and this occurred in Creek …
Agincourt: Henry V and the Battle that Made England, by Juliet Barker Little, Brown and Company book cover.

Agincourt: Henry V and the Battle that Made England

Review of Agincourt: Henry V and the Battle that Made England, by Juliet Barker Little, Brown and Company (New York, 2006)
… During the Hundred Years War, England's King Henry V also laid … countryside beginning at Harfleur and ending at Calais. When the French army gathered at Agincourt, the vastly … repeats a primary source account of how the young Henry was treated for a battle wound through the face that left an …
Henry Ford with a Model T in 1921.

What Bill Ford Is Learning from Great-Grandpa

… has announced its “Way Forward” restructuring plan, does the auto maker have a real future? Without doubt. Can its … of this great-grandson of legendary founder Henry Ford. When Bill Ford’s new print and TV commercials proclaim that … leisure activities. Henry’s most significant response was the nineteen “village industries” he established in …
Wall street and Broadway, New York City

A New Deal Prescription for Gordon Gekko

… “Greed . . . is good,” said Gordon Gekko when addressing a stockholders’ meeting in Oliver Stone’s … buyouts that produced millions for himself while leaving others in ruins. His words resonated strongly in the 1980s, … malpractice. Of course, Gekko’s provocative observation was not entirely mistaken. Greed is “good” when it produces …
Destruction in San Francisco after the 1906 earthquake.

Another Pearl Harbor? Not by a Longshot

Whenever an event grips the nation’s attention, the media inevitably turn to … Tuesday’s terrorist strikes, the attack on Pearl Harbor was an act of war carried out by a clearly identifiable … Few Americans in 2001 can expect a similar outcome. When considering sheer carnage, some might be tempted to …
Map of the Electoral College for the 2024 United States presidential election.

Arguing the Electoral College: Con

The 2000 presidential election is unique in the annals of … and electoral votes been close in the same election. When John F. Kennedy squeaked out a victory over Richard … votes the same as 75 percent can thwart the popular will when one candidate garners the requisite number of electoral …
Portrait of Aung San Suu Kyi.

Burma’s Hope Imprisoned

The detention of a private citizen in a Third World country … would not ordinarily get much attention elsewhere. But when Burma’s Aung San Suu Kyi was imprisoned on two weeks ago, world attention turned to …
Count Gaston de Chasseloup-Laubat aboard his Jeantaud electric car, 1899.

The Historical Dominance of the Electric Car

On December 18, 1898, the Jeantaud electric vehicle set the world’s first automotive land speed record of 63.13 km/hr (39.2 mph) over the course of a single kilometer.
… On December 18, 1898, the Jeantaud electric vehicle set the world’s first … and Laura Seeger.  Learn more: Massimo Guarinieri, “When Cars Went Electric, Part 1” IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine (March 2011), 62. Massimo Guarinieri, “When Cars Went Electric, pt2” IEEE Industrial Electronics …
Lindh photographed after being transported to Camp Rhino.

Walker’s Misguided — But No Traitor

The case of John Phillip Walker Lindh, the young American … for treason date from the trial of Aaron Burr in 1807 when Chief Justice John Marshall adhered to the letter of … last year to study Arabic. He moved to Afghanistan when it was just one of many countries the United States regarded as …
Fidel Castro during a visit to Washington.

Why Economic Sanctions Often Fail

… On his recent trip to Europe, President Bush pushed the Continent's top leaders to adopt tougher economic … policy of economic sanctions is bound to be unproductive when a consensus among allies is not reached. The policy … John F. Kennedy failed to gain the co-operation of allies when implementing economic sanctions toward Cuba. In 1962 …
Middle East

Foreign Policy and the 3 Branches of Government

Grade Level
9-12
Teaching Area
US History since 1877
American Government
War & Peace
… This lesson is designed to introduce students to the process of forming foreign policy in the branches of … podcast about the value of an historian’s perspective when making foreign policy decisions.  Through class … question; What is the value of an historian’s perspective when making foreign policy decisions?     Files for …