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… Raise Questions over African Mining Deal .” A story in the German Süddeutsche Zeitung was poetically titled “ The Broken Heart of Africa .” These … mine in the Katanga region. The articles appeared at a time when elections in the Congo were almost a year overdue. …

… The liberation of Iraq, the White House tells us, is well … they did this while claiming to defend the “free world.” When the constitutionally elected government of Guatemala’s … open diplomatic relations with communist countries in 1954, Washington was quick to orchestrate a military coup against …

… While 2018 marked the one-hundredth anniversary of the November Revolution, … in an international context noting that the revolution was “remarkably bloodless,” at least initially, as compared … to put the November Revolution into the context of other socialist revolutions is one of the strongest elements of …

… “History will vindicate me!” It is the rallying cry of politicians worldwide who are unpopular, … situation — one he handled with aplomb — his reputation was unfairly and irrevocably ruined by his pardon of Richard Nixon. When Americans look backward, they’re impressed by bold …

… When W.W. Norton published Betty Friedan’s The Feminine Mystique in February 1963, it printed just … a concept insisting that women’s true fulfillment was to be found through dedication to household labor and …

… 1861, Edmund Ruffin proudly fired a shot at Fort Sumter, the Federal military installation in the Charleston, South … Ruffin fired what has been called the last shot of the war when he killed himself, so distressed was he that his beloved Confederacy had lost. History is …

… This winter, my daughter’s first-grade class celebrated the birthday of Martin Luther King, Jr. at her elementary … Luther King, Jr. said during his address at the March on Washington in 1963 . “We want an immediate end to police … of Michigan, mayor of Detroit, and U.S. attorney—took when FDR appointed him Attorney General in 1939. “Where …

… would differ so strongly from Americans in regards to the War in Iraq and the question of Islamic terrorism. It is … stands a proudly nationalist worldview, in which statehood was understood in terms of its military. Sheehan sees this … that Americans and Europeans speak very different languages when it comes to the issue of terrorism. When Americans, …

… The events of May 1999 may mark a decisive turning point … in Belgrade on May 7. Ten years ago the same proverb was emblazoned on gates and banners in Hong Kong, with quite … the logic of the new patriotism ran like this: China is socialist, socialism is threatened by a worldwide capitalist …

… On this Presidents Day, it’s worth celebrating the fact that our nation is almost certainly about to make … Almost all were married and had children; only one was a bachelor (Buchanan), only one was divorced (Reagan), … Cleveland gets that designation in some trivia books, but when he was mayor of Buffalo, the city’s population was only …

… Great Britain [is] going to war,” Germany’s chancellor, Theobold von Bethmann-Hollweg complained as the First World War began. The “scrap of paper” was the treaty that Germany disregarded when it invaded Belgium. Because of such dismissal of …

… billion more in federal loans to stay afloat. GM needs another $9.1 billion now, with more requests likely down the …   The precipitous plunge in auto sales over the last year was caused principally by spiking gasoline prices, tight … from 1908 to 1927, may be hazy, but those were the years when automobiles began to change from a toy to the necessity …

… cinematic spectacular : D. W. Griffith’s Birth of a Nation  was the first 12-reel film in movie history and the first movie … the threat of the black mob in the climactic scene. When Dr. Cameron is besieged along with his daughter and …

… of Julia Aquilia Severa, wife of Roman Emperor Severus, was destroyed after the Senate decided to demolish all … of many of the Western canon’s great works of art. When Pope Julius II’s troops overtook the rebellious city of … as “Stalin World,” also exists in Lithuania . Many busts of Lenin, Marx, and Engels are on view in Budapest’s Szoborpark …

… Jacob Lee’s Masters of the Middle Waters traces warfare, conquest, trade, and … and ceremony to form economic and political alliances. It was these same practices, Lee argues, that dictated their … and Otoe ) peoples. That is until the seventeenth century, when the Illinois peoples (Lee argues they constitute a …

… Brutal violence is not typically the first thing that comes to mind when observing the artwork of the Renaissance’s greatest … is also inextricably linked to the human suffering that was experienced during the period that is now known as the …

… expansion into Eastern Europe goes on, sometimes taking on the aura of melodrama, sometimes of farce, there has been little attempt by to explain to Americans what NATO was and is all about. Perhaps history from the early cold … dollar U.S. defense expenditures in the post war period. When one looks back before 1945, NATO may also be seen as a …

… The recent capture in Pakistan of Khalid Shaikh Mohammed, … a classic example of primitive political justice. The case was a result of Japanese atrocities in the Philippines … United States in 1942 and tried by a U.S. military court. When the defendants appealed to the Supreme Court for writs …

… War II began with Hitler’s invasion of Poland in 1939, the roots of that global conflict actually reach back to the … history itself is segmented by events termed “incidents” when they occurred in efforts to minimize their importance. … liberated from colonialism by war’s end in September 1945, was working on it. And, more generally, what was then termed …

… their mutual ill-gotten gains, the Soviet-German Pact was an uneasy partnership. Growing tensions over Finland and … organized into three vast Army Groups. Their targets were Leningrad, Moscow, and Ukraine , respectively. At 3:15 am, … the Eastern Front: David Glantz and Jonathan M. House, When Titans Clashed: How the Red Army Stopped Hitler. …

… his sudden withdrawal of U.S. military support for the Kurds in northern Syria in October 2019 with an … The Kurds within the Ottoman Empire Much of Kurdistan was incorporated into the Ottoman Empire , centered in what … changed markedly in the middle of the 19 th century, when the central Ottoman government embarked on a series of …

… surgeon, co-founded Alcoholics Anonymous in Akron, Ohio when they met for the first time on June 10, 1935.  This chance … an expert in the treatment of alcoholism, Silkworth was among the first to propose a disease rather than a moral …

… 2014, Presidents Barack Obama and Raúl Castro announced to their respective nations that the United States and Cuba had … agreed to resume full diplomatic relations. The occasion was dense with history. It could hardly have been otherwise, … with the recognition that “change is hard,” especially “when we carry the heavy weight of history on our shoulders.” …

… major speech to outline drone warfare policies. Since 2002, the nation has been arming drones to fight its global war on … shares such optimistic appraisals of drones, and even Obama was forced to concede the dangers of undue secrecy, lack of … of the combat drone, beginning dramatically in spring 1944 when Nazi robot bombs started falling on London. Germany’s …