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… Twenty years ago this week, the skies were eerily silent over American airports. On … exercised this option before 1981. Flagrant union busting was widely viewed as unethical and un-American. Reagan … failed. The smashing of the PATCO strike marked the moment when workers lost the ability to wield their most potent …

… For hundreds of years, would-be prophets have warned of that the human population would grow beyond our capacity to feed … famine in the 1970s unless the rise in human population was somehow reversed. In Famine: A Short History , Cormac Ó … to sell themselves or family members into slavery just when slaveowners are trying to get rid of hungry slaves, and …

… When Vice President Dick Cheney, speaking to reporters last … a major American tradition initiated by Republicans.  Since the beginning of the 20th century, the conservation of … environmental conduct. Conservationists abhorred the wanton waste and exploitation of nature and challenged the …

… an obvious question, given Kim’s recent threats to attack the United States and South Korea with nuclear weapons — and … on the Korean peninsula. Nixon learned this first hand when he visited South Korea in 1953 as vice president. An … with South Korean President Syngman Rhee, who at the time was threatening to break the armistice President Dwight …

… What happens when the world’s largest Communist country launches its first … their own human spaceship but have decided the great cost was too much for the rewards. Domestic and international …

… There’s encouraging news about ending the decades-old … in the region of Kashmir, which both claim. In 2002, when hundreds of thousands of Indian and Pakistani troops … their respective borders, war seemed imminent. South Asia was on the brink of a nuclear catastrophe. The crisis …

… During the 2000 presidential campaign, George W. Bush disavowed the … U.S. special envoy to Afghanistan, notes that risk goes up when the number of troops goes down. That is, the likelihood … have likewise suffered no combat fatalities. But when the Bush administration’s own Army chief of staff said …

… A secret and sudden attack with nuclear weapons: It’s the most horrific threat facing the United States. Yet when President Bush outlined his administration’s plan for … of Eisenhower’s policy against nuclear proliferation was a test ban treaty. U.S. nuclear tests were suspended …

… Once again, disturbing images are surfacing from the war in Iraq, this time of a young Marine shooting a … to sign the 1949 Geneva Conventions on the conduct of war. When the Viet Cong in the 1970s and the Iraqis in 1990 … Americans in front of television cameras, the nation was appalled. Despite urging from some quarters, the United …

… Opening the 108th Congress dramatically this month, Rep. Charles … The draft system of the 1960s and 1970s failed because it was not universal. Women, of course, were exempted. For men, … forces were often ahead of civil society, most notably when the Truman administration desegregated the U.S. armed …

… to have happened to him on September 21, 1823. According to the traditional narrative of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Smith was visited that night by an angel who told him of an … lived in the Americas two millennia prior. Years later, when he eventually took possession of the plates, he …

… After opening a few small holes in the U.S. embargo of Cuba, President Clinton has taken flak … people more, as embargoes tend to do. Back in the 1960s, when Castro presented a real security threat to the United States, Washington had few weapons to oppose him. Relations had been …

… The sudden threat to the Social Security trust fund offers … A sinking fund is a kind of governmental savings account. When a government undertakes a project — a subway, for … were heavily in debt. Alexander Hamilton, George Washington’s secretary of the treasury, proposed that the …

… In speeches about the urgency of attacking Iraq, President Bush has described … of danger. Sheriff Gary Cooper, alone, stands up to fight. When Cooper dispatches the desperadoes, the nervous … “High Noon” informed the typical Spaghetti Western. There was so much murder and mayhem in the films that the …

… has been four years since television audiences bid adieu to the Crawley family and their servants, but now the … fervor reached its apex in the prewar and wartime years, when the initial seasons of the show take place, it subsided … in December 1920 clearing rubble in Cork, Ireland. The city was heavily damaged by British troops during the Irish War …

… The United States is in the midst of the worst financial … answer is: Very close. Here's why.   The Great Depression was the result of the combination of the 1929 financial … 1929 triggered the chain of events that led to depression. When stock prices fell in October 1929, investors, financial …

… On August 6, 1962, the island of Jamaica became an independent nation, making … but tallawah island (“small but mighty” in Jamaican ) was one triumph in the long history of Black sovereignty and … the Caribbean. Jamaica had been a Spanish colony until 1655 when Britain launched the Western Design, an expedition …

… In its brutality and horror, the World Trade Center attack of September 11 outmatched … After two attempts by that army to seize power, the war was finally ended by a precipitate French retreat from North … strike at the United States and its  interests wherever and whenever they could. Ultimately there are no right choices …

… Like-minded conservatives invoke the name of Ronald Reagan as someone who truly represented … in office. They could learn much from him. He understood when to press his advantage when he had the votes. He also … concede when he didn’t have the votes. In other words, he was a skilled politician willing to compromise his …

… Over the last year or so, the world of sport in the United States … against black opponents. The “color line” in American sport was not a product of drift or negligence; it was drawn. 2. … black athletes might be asked to hold those players back when playing road games against segregated southern schools, …

… Twin headlines have repeated across the country over the last several months, warning of labor … rush the journey. They warned their clients that the border was about to open but would quickly “fill up” a quota and … Yet there have been very few moments in American history when migration has not been described in crisis language, …

… In Prague, the last hours of 2008 were crisp and clear, and in that … 181 miles to the southeast, a significantly different scene was unfolding in the Slovak capital of Bratislava. High … However, these plans fell out of favor among the Czechs when Great Britain and France supported projects centered in …

… Until 2014, Ukraine was a country little known and poorly-understood by many in the West. While the Ukrainian Revolution of February 2014 … range anywhere from seven cited sources to seventy. Even when citations are prevalent, they might make the academic …