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This stamp features the first stanza of Ralph Waldo Emerson's "Concord Hymn."

The “Shot Heard Round the World”: April 19, 1775 and the American Revolutionary War

… Road.” In 1837, Ralph Waldo Emerson , provided what has become the enduring description of the Revolutionary War when … didn’t last long, the fight over its meaning continued for a good deal longer. This stamp features the first stanza … for example, was, “An Army of One,” despite the fact that teamwork is vital to military success. So, who fired the …

The Question of Refugees: Past and Present

… member states of the European Union in their ongoing search for safety. By extension, it describes the response of … face an uncertain future in the sprawling Dadaab camp complex in Kenya barely register on the radar of the global … of ethnic and religious homogeneity was believed to be a price worth paying for future peace. But the net effect was …
Egyptian Prime Minister Anwar Sadat, U.S. President Jimmy Carter, and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin signing the Camp David Peace Accords on September 17, 1978.

Can Sharon Too Become a Peacemaker?

… new general Arab-Israeli war with devastating consequences for Israelis, Palestinians and the entire region. These … theme the denunciation of Democrats as being soft on communism, opened up relations with the People’s Republic of … 1970 and think about predicting that Richard Nixon would be visiting China and Russia, tripling trade with both nations, …
A homeless man outside the outside the United Nations building in New York with the American flag in the background.

A New Abolition Movement — Against Poverty

… denounced a Senate bill to extend an increased tax credit for children to the nation’s 6.5 million low-income families, and has buried the measure in another round … living. Those who argue that raising wages would generate price increases ignore the fact that those making $20,000 or …
Isaac W. Williams (front) in a file photo from the 1960s.

Still Fighting the Civil War in South Carolina

… of people, many decked out in hoop skirts and militia uniforms, will drink mint juleps and dance the night away. … "has nothing to do with slavery."  He proposes that it is a commemoration of South Carolinians who "stood up for their … opened a long and painful civil war.  Let's hope that this latest exchange of salvos—another confrontation with …
Mikhail Gorbachev and President Ronald Reagan posing for a photograph in the White House Library.

The American “Nation Building” Mission and Russia

… details of domestic issues, the most eye-opening comments on foreign policy have stemmed from Gov. George W. Bush's … and Republican administrations in the 1990s — the Bush team was too slow to provide substantial financial aid when … History News Service …
map of Yugoslavia

What Victory in Yugoslavia May Mean for Future Wars

For eighty years a heated argument has been raging within … to support their own operations, but Army Air Force commanders tried instead to amass all the planes they could … we will be committing ourselves to a way of war that ultimately targets civilians rather than their military …

Colombia: On the Brink of Peace with the FARC?

… June 23, 2016, while most of the world was awaiting the outcome of the Brexit vote, another major historical event was … Santos and the supreme commander of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC, Fuerzas Armada Revolucionarios de … drug cartel (Left) . Secretary of State Colin Powell visiting Colombia in 2003 (Right) . While there were some …
US Secretary of State Edward R. Stettinius, Jr., signing the UN Charter on 26 June 1945. President Truman stands by at left (UN Photo/Yould).

The Signing of the United Nations Charter

… free people.” The United Nations (UN) became an important forum for preserving peace , as well as debating and … Wilson bitterly called “a sullen and selfish isolation,” becoming an observer in the League but never a full member. As … of state John Foster Dulles. Leading this bipartisan team was Secretary of State Edward R. Stettinius, a former …
Nancy Reagan speaking at a "Just Say No" Rally.

The “Modern” War on Drugs (Prologued, Season 2, Episode 1)

… will see, the development of the US drug war was deeply informed by experiences abroad...and to understand why the War … simply turn to drug trafficking to fund their operations, ultimately driving the escalation of the War on Drugs both … They pushed traffickers out of the region and dropped the price of the coca leaf. But the industry quickly recovered …
Pope Francis holding Bible

The People's Pope and the Changing Face of Catholicism

… how his actions fit into the Church's traditions and its commitment to social justice. Listen and explore hundreds of … Leticia Wiggins   Welcome to History Talk the history podcast for everyone by … all the sexual assault problems? Is this an issue that ultimately Pope Francis will be judged on? And Dan, we'd …
John Muir, the founder of the Sierra Club.

Conservation — An American, and Republican, Tradition

… as “a sign of personal virtue, but not a sufficient basis for a sound comprehensive energy policy,” he turned his back on a major … to question and adjust their ways of living on the land.  Ultimately, conservation remains a compelling issue for the … History News Service …
Exiles carry a poster against the communist government of Cuba, in a demonstration in Miami

Cuba in Focus–Again

… again, even on Fidel Castro, whom most of us had almost forgotten — most, that is, except the million-plus … the exiles and the U.S. government joined in a powerful common cause to dump Castro, who, in the peak Cold War … although Americans still need U.S. government permission to visit Cuba legally, many go illegally through third …
The hazards of an enclosed work environment – a typist with cloth mask during the influenza pandemic in 1918.

The Respirator and Cloth Mask

… of masks and respirators. It is a world we are not prepared for. The biomedical, sanitary, and technological advances of … understandings of how disease is transmitted within the community. As a general rule, respirators function by … his innovation available to everyone at the lowest possible price. The emergence of the germ theory of disease later in …
Cover of Sweet Land of Liberty: The Forgotten Struggle for Civil Rights in the North by Thomas J. Sugrue.

Movement North

Review of Sweet Land of Liberty: The Forgotten Struggle for Civil Rights in the North, by Thomas J. Sugrue (New York: Random House, 2008)
… Americans looked to the Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr., for leadership and direction.  King inspired Northern white … never passive victims.  From the very beginning of black community development in the North, African Americans fought … reach the same standard in order to impress whites and ultimately earn their rights.  By the 1930s, with the …
The Champs Elysees crowded with French patriots after the liberation of Paris in 1944.

We Didn’t Go It Alone in 1944

… “freedom fries” and accused the French of cowardly betrayal for refusing to follow the White House into war. Now, with a … policies now causing so much trouble in Iraq. When it comes to remembering World War II, Americans should be more … pointed to the U.S. military cemetery in Normandy as the ultimate rebuttal to Chirac’s independent diplomacy. De …
President Barack Obama signed the ARRA into law on February 17, 2009. Vice President Joe Biden stood directly behind him.

A New New Deal Must Be For All

… Barack Obama's economic stimulus plan has provoked comparisons with Franklin Delano Roosevelt's New Deal. Like … creation through infrastructure spending. But, like FDR before him, it looks as if Obama is on his way to neglecting … labor force.   In this way, President-elect Obama and his team could both move toward a more sustainable economy and …
Fourth of July celebration in Philadelphia, 1819.

The United States: Democracy or Republic?

… he was asked last year if democracy is the most effective form of government,  Donald Trump said, “I do.” (He then … in the 18th century included the selflessness to put the common good above special interests. Only a few (men) could … discriminatory laws that disenfranchised Black voters.  Ultimately, the interests of a powerful minority were …
Cover of Mother of Invention by Robert I. Field

Government Fingers in the Health Care Jar?

Review of Mother of Invention: How the Government Created "Free Market Health Care", by Robert I. Field (Oxford University Press, 2013)
… It’s a cry that’s only grown louder with passage of the Affordable Care Act of 2010 . With Mother of Invention, Robert … up to this point: to pay for everything from hospital visits to prescriptions, one needs health insurance. Of the … that translates to the future of American health care comes in his final chapter. “Health care cannot function,” …
Monica Lewinsky's official government ID photo from 1997.

Another Watergate?

… and persuaded her to lie about it had not been public for an hour before many observers were uttering sentences … at the Democratic national headquarters at the Watergate complex in 1972. An abbreviated list of what came to be … “a third-rate burglary.” So far, we have no proof that the latest addition to Starr’s amorphous investigation was even …
US Marine Corps during Operation Iraqi Freedom in 2003.

“Operation Mississippi Freedom”: When State-Sponsored Terrorism Was American

… existed in the United States. The trial of Edgar Ray Killen for the 1964 murders of civil rights workers James Chaney, … including 35 churches and numerous homes in this state. McComb, Miss., came to be known that summer as the bombing … effort succeeded, as the belated indictment of Killen — the latest in a series of Southern atonement trials — …