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Floor proceedings of the U.S. Senate, in session during the impeachment trial of Bill Clinton

Uneasy Lies the Head that Sleeps in the White House

… deal with criminal, or incapable, heads of state in times gone by? What did they do with monarchs who outraged the … Before 1600 (the period most of the English precedents come from), of course, one has to be careful when using … So regicide — king-killing — became the tried and tested, unofficial English form of impeachment of the head of state. …
In 2014, the debate about the underlying causes of "long, hot summers" remerged with the high-profile police killings of Michael Brown, Tamir Rice, Eric Garner, and others.

Long Hot Summers and Separate Societies

Review of Separate and Unequal: The Kerner Commission and the Unraveling of American Liberalism, by Steven M. Gillon (New York: Basic Books, 2018)
… Do the police reify inequality by targeting low-income communities of color or are they the “thin blue line” … report “the last gasp of 1960s liberalism." Chapters One through Six of Separate and Unequal plum the origins of … telling: Mayor of New York City John Lindsay anchored one pole and businessman Charles “Tex” Thornton the other. …
Nazis at Marienplatz in Munich during the 1923 Beer Hall Putsch.

Hitler’s Beer Hall Putsch and Weimar’s Resolve

… promise to Germany’s working class that stood out as one of the few tangible victories of Weimar democracy, was … of steering a beleaguered nation through these crises. Just one month later, as “vigilante” assassinations and political … nation, Bavaria appointed Gustav Ritter von Kahr as State Commissioner General ( Generalstaatskommissar ), granting …
Israeli troops during the battle for the Sinai

The Suez Crisis (1956)

… the international order was disrupted by the Suez Crisis, a complicated imbroglio marked by the intersection of European … and Israeli troops to withdraw from the Suez Canal Zone. Prime Minister Guy Mollet and Foreign Minister … ultimatums and launched air strikes against Egypt. U.S. officials failed to anticipate the collusion scheme before …
Mexican flag in a square

A Postcard from Mexico City

… for religious practices, including human sacrifices. If anyone is up for the challenge, you are welcome to climb up the steps. However, you should consider the … the outside of the Zocalo. Besides being a great tourist site, the Zocalo is also used to hold protests against …
 Mapping the Nation: History and Cartography in Nineteenth-Century America, by Susan Schulten Book cover.

From Sea to Shining Sea

Review of Mapping the Nation: History and Cartography in Nineteenth-Century America, by Susan Schulten (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2012)
… of the production of new maps and the conservation of old ones. In "Mapping the Past," the author describes how … Johann Georg Kohl, cartographer and geographer, to come to the United States where he worked for the Coast … which privileges the roles of intellectuals and government officials, suits her objective of writing intellectual …
J.P. Morgan

Time (Yet Again) for Preventative Regulation

… landscape and lexicon. This trend has left ever more complex financial markets and multinationals to operate in … regulated risky gray areas. The latest near collapse of one of Wall Street’s biggest firms recalls the market … of specific mergers and acquisitions. The next shift was one of both degree and kind: the New Deal. With the country …
US Marines fight rebellious Boxers outside Beijing Legation Quarter, 1900 – copy of painting by Sergeant John Clymer

The Boxer Rebellion

… powers had de facto sovereignty over Chinese territory, was one of the most degrading aspects of Western imperialism in … northern China. Amid this misery, a mysterious group that combined traditional Chinese folk culture, including martial … and politically with the Boxers on June 21, with an official declaration of war on all foreign powers in China. …

Hong Kong in Protest

… Poon Hui-wing, while the two Hong Kong residents vacationed in Taiwan . Chan eventually returned home but evaded murder charges because he committed the crime outside of Hong Kong’s jurisdiction. He … “Where is your conscience?” Lin Zexu, a Qing dynasty official during the First Opium War, 1839-1842. Shortly …
Depiction of the Battle of Bosworth Field by the eighteenth-century painter, Philip James de Loutherbourg.

The Battle of Bosworth Field

… crowned King Henry VII (r. 1485-1509).   This battle was one of the last major battles of the Wars of the Roses, a … and the House of Lancaster over claims to the English throne.  A century later, this battle was memorialized by the … the battle occurred, although a recent study places the site of Richard’s death at  Fenn Lane Farm , about 2 miles …
French troops under Charles VIII entering Florence, 1494.

The Blood Behind the Beauty

Review of The Beauty and the Terror: The Italian Renaissance and the Rise of the West, by Catherine Fletcher (New York City: Oxford University Press, 2020)
… Brutal violence is not typically the first thing that comes to mind when observing the artwork of the … this period had emerged, alongside the Low Countries, as one of the wealthiest regions in Europe. Increasing … to subjugate the Romagna. Portrait of Cesare Borgia, the one-time terror of the Romagna and employer of Leonardo da …
Collier's 1921 Lincoln Abraham - cabinet meeting.jpg

Lincoln’s and Obama’s Teams of Non-Rivals

… lockstep with him.   Obama’s choices might also inspire comparisons to Abraham Lincoln. By the beginning of … term most of the rivalry and the rivals themselves were gone.   Lincoln’s initial cabinet members either had sought … war, the Union Party. Some simply disliked or distrusted one another. In those cases, personal differences outweighed …
An electron microscopic image of a thin section of SARS-CoV within the cytoplasm of an infected cell, showing the spherical particles and cross-sections through the viral nucleocapsid.

Could SARS Set off Another Great Pandemic?

… threat to public health: the specter of a pandemic, and the complacent American response. The so-called "Spanish" flu … 20 to 29. And its speed! A person would feel perfectly fine one day, have a little cough the next. Two days later the … flu was eventually isolated — in 1933, the pandemic long gone. In 1918, doctors could only recommend what they …
Pedro Albizu Campos, noted anti-imperialist, addressing a crowd in 1936

Reframing the American Empire

Review of How to Hide an Empire: A History of the Greater United States, by Daniel Immerwahr (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2019)
Judge Charles W. Pickering, Sr.

Ghosts of Mississippi Haunt Pickering’s Nomination

… The U.S. Senate Judiciary Committee will vote early in March on the Bush … the enforcement of federal civil rights laws. This fact alone makes him clearly unfit to join the appellate court.   … government." The commission was essentially the state's official arm in a campaign of "massive resistance" to the …
Cover of A History of Iran Empire of the Mind by Michael Axworthy.

Iran for Beginners

Review of A History of Iran: Empire of the Mind, by Michael Axworthy (New York. Basic Books. 2008)
Church and belltower at Usol’e.

A Postcard from the Ural Mountains

… Johann Gmelin (1709-55) was so captivated by the industrial sites of “Catharinenburg” that he visited twice—on his path … to and from Siberia in 1734 and again in September 1742, commenting from Nev’iansk: “I had little interaction with … Economics. The Perm Museum of Contemporary Art logo. Kungur One of the unexpected gems of our voyage was the picturesque …