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… at Pearl Harbor , Guam, Wake Island, the Java Sea, and Singapore, the surrender of tens of thousands of U.S. and … the mercurial personality of General Douglas MacArthur, commander of the U.S. and Filipino forces. Overconfident … later they were on quarter rations. (Troops in intensive combat require 3,500 calories per day. U.S. and Filipino …

… into law on April 3, 1948. The Marshall Plan, as it’s more commonly known, was intended to revive the economies of … to preserve national autonomy had shaped American policy since George Washington’s famous Farewell Address in 1796. … Policy Planning Staff, and the State-War-Navy Coordinating Committee reported on the continent’s dire economic state, …

… huge bestsellers. We celebrate the Founders’ audacity and commitment, marvel at their battlefield heroics, literary … that the American Revolution, for all its failings and sins of omission, was fought to create a political and … social and cultural divisions to widen, our industrial and commercial foundations to weaken, our national and local …

… and girls have been at the heart of the nation’s story since its creation.   Three years into Grace’s apprenticeship, Pickersgill was commissioned to create the Star-Spangled Banner in … households worked to contribute to the family income and many white and Black working-class populations sold …

… the world between 1918 and 1919, killing more people in a single year than the entire “Black Death” of the 14th … for the Humanities. Any views, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this content do not necessarily …

… didn't move beyond their own self interest and embrace a common good. He called on Americans to unify themselves … a war. "Every act of energy conservation is more than just common sense — I tell you it is an act of patriotism."   Since then, Carter's speech has been widely condemned for …

… individuals who lived through them. Each episode covers a single moment, person, or topic in history, using interviews and audio from the BBC archive and readings …

… It seems as if apologies are becoming a regular part of business and politics. Pope John Paul II apologizes for the … for the Irish famine of the 1840s. The Aetna Insurance Company apologizes for selling insurance against the escape … Economics/Business/Trade …

… heads that revealed the future, and automated gardens complete with metallic singing birds. In this book, E.R. Truitt skillfully sheds … in creating its own automata but viewed foreign automata as coming from lands “rich in flamboyant excesses of nature, …

… health. We have seen nearly a century of medical progress since the last great flu epidemic. That was in 1918. It was … threat to public health: the specter of a pandemic, and the complacent American response. The so-called "Spanish" flu … of knowledge unknown to doctors then. But they haven't come up with an antidote to SARS. A vaccine may yet be …

… power with this “Lost Kingdom.” Plokhy contends that since the fall of Kievan Rus, the Russian nation has only … and truly non-Russian populations dwelled . Readers might come away with the impression that the Russian Empire and … history. Despite this, Plokhy succeeds in detailing the complexities of Russo-Ukrainian relations over the centuries …

… For the first time since Project Apollo nearly four decades ago, NASA has a … millions of dollars, or approximately $10,000 a pound. By comparison, sending a 180-pound history professor across the … a few chosen astronauts. The Bush administration ought to commit itself to spending money now to develop new launch …

… Many things have changed concerning homosexuality since that decade; others remain stubbornly the same. Some … were torn as to how to gain acceptance from the straight community. Today’s emphases on gay pride and being openly … were nonexistent. Activists emphasized instead the commonalities between themselves and heterosexuals, …

… a ranking of the best—something that really is impossible, since all of us bring different sets of values and … the park’s museum, which is located beneath the Arch, was completely redesigned to acknowledge the growing consensus … video essay presented here, I ask viewers to keep this more complex and troubling context in mind as well.) Written by …

… expanded legal jurisdiction of the United Nations. “Enemy combatants” captured in the “war on terrorism” are to be … War II. Japanese Gen. Tomoyuki Yamashita, Japan’s supreme commander in the Philippines, was tried for failing to … had been conspicuously silent on the question of war crimes since its 1942 decision in the Quirin case, another favored …

… going to receive international approval for its quest to become an independent nation. While many inside Kosovo and out … of nearly 90 percent, has been under UN administration since the end of fighting between the Belgrade government … Albanian Kosovo Liberation Army in 1999. A special UN commission is supposed to release a report on the province’s …

… Since the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, … one. We should not panic if Russia, in the short-term, becomes more antagonistic toward Western values and interests. … more important, the current round of reforms is part of a complex and ongoing process of assimilation and rejection of …

… to face a fanatical, determined foe. Speaking in Wisconsin just hours after the plotters' arrest, Bush declared … a "totalitarian ideology" menacing people everywhere. This comparison between Islamic radicalism and fascism, which some commentators on the Right have trumpeted ever since 9/11, is …

… of the horrific conclusion of the worst prison uprising in American history. And we’ve learned little from it. … the world, trailing only Russia. The prison industry has become big business: billions of dollars are being spent on … reprisals and crackdowns on inmate reading material became common. Television replaced reading as the preferred source …

… six European powers and Japan arrived to crush the uprising. When the Protocol was drafted, it placed all of the … of more than $30 million (then an astronomical amount) as compensation to foreign powers for the damage caused by the … have been censured, not paid, in 1901.  Foreign soldiers committed war crimes, critics of the Protocol argue, and …

… Donald Goerke invented SpaghettiOs, the round, canned cousins of spaghetti. The SpaghettiO is now a strangely … every piece was in place for this circular pasta to become a staple of the American diet. By 2010, over 150 … pasta and sauce. In this sense, it is a food source that completely disconnects “food” and “source.” During the 19 th …

… in polls. But his campaign has been in a tailspin ever since. John Kerry trounced the maverick front-runner in Iowa … Barry Goldwater of 1964. Dean should have taken the comparison seriously. Glaring parallels exist between the … election, few believed that Goldwater could successfully compete for, much less win, the Republican nomination, but …

… Germany to legally enter West Berlin for the first time since June 24, 1948.  The blockade, one of the earliest … new runways in both major West Berlin airports just to accommodate the increased traffic from the large, heavy, … places like  Gaza and  Ukraine in 2023-2024, the West faces comparatively more dangerous and difficult situations.  …

… strife between Sunnis and Shiites within your great community of Islam weakened the entire civic and social … and Methodists and nonbelievers in their midst, from becoming part of the federal Constitution. They firmly … the Americans was their capacity to unite in dealing with a common problem. The expectation that patriarchal authority …