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… After 40 years, 2nd Lt. William Calley is back in the news. For many years now the young lieutenant convicted … him a “classic scapegoat.” The occasion of the editorial was a speech this past August that Calley gave at a Kiwanis … is true. If you are asking why I did not stand up to them when I was given the orders, I will have to say that I was a …

… Every holiday season, at least for the last 70 years or so, the red and green plant that most … troubled start to  Mexican-U.S. relations . The date itself was chosen to commemorate the 1851 death of Joel Roberts … interests because of its close ties to British business. When this rising opposition had some political successes, …

… Only twice in world history have we seen the use of atomic weapons—the bombs dropped by the United … Japan at the end of World War II . On August 6, 2015, I was in Hiroshima for the anniversary of the bombing and was … left on their bodies. Several cried out for water, though when she fetched one man a cup of water, he died soon after …

… Neil Armstrong stands by the Lunar Module "Eagle" during the first walk on the moon … 1972. Anti-Vietnam protesters on the National Mall in Washington D.C., 1967. Those who were alive in the summer of 1969 recall where they were and how they felt when humankind became truly cosmopolitan. However, as we …

… Books are dead. That is the provocative claim being made lately about the … copied by hand as late as the 18th century. The practice was especially common in monasteries, where book copying was … replaced. Things changed dramatically in the 19th century, when new, Industrial Revolution technology made mass …

… Second-guessing the necessity and morality of the atomic bombing of … forces in the Pacific, recorded in his diary that MacArthur was "appalled and depressed by this Frankenstein monster." … available to them in the summer of 1945. Keep this in mind when, on Hiroshima anniversaries, you hear claims that …

… 35 articles of impeachment against George W. Bush to the House of Representatives. Yet Congress is no more likely … Control Act and the 1982 Boland Amendment. Nevertheless, when eventually exposed, this executive action was not punished with impeachment. The majority Democrats on …

… Faculty experts from the Ohio State University Department of History hold a … author of Colored No More Reinventing Black Womanhood in Washington, D.C. and the forthcoming America Goddam: … respond to your questions. Many of you submitted questions when you registered—and we’ll answer some of those to begin …

… “Keep the government out of my health care.” If you’ve been privy … contrariety . The first hospital in the United States was the brainchild of Benjamin Franklin and a friend Dr. … personnel . A year before the nation’s founding in 1775 —when the country geared up for the approaching Revolutionary …

… The people of Thessaloniki, Greece embrace the enigmatic … Istanbul tells me all Turkish students learn that this city was “the Ottoman door to Europe.” As such, the port became … “Greek.” This nationalist transformation occurred in 1912, when troops from Athens and other areas of the south beat …

… As the economic crisis ripples through the world, some liberal … FDR thought about the New Deal in a global context, too. He was convinced that the United States could never prosper … in the UNÕs Universal Declaration of Human Rights.   When it came time to implement the Charter, U.S. policy was …

… There’s a whiff of religious intolerance swirling around as … Roberts what he would do if the law required a ruling that was in conflict with his Catholic values. Although abortion … a Maryland Catholic, was made chief justice in 1836, a time when the country was in the grip of anti-Catholic violence. …

… Another political sex scandal is in the news. It’s hard to keep … War-time newspaper articles rumored that George Washington had extramarital affairs. Thomas Jefferson was … fall from grace. In particular the stories pack a wallop when the individuals appear to be hypocritical — an …

… Patrick Henry, it is his immortal declaration, made during the Virginia Convention of 1775: "I know not what course … Thomas Kidd reminds us that the closest surviving source was published four decades after the fact and based on … the county courts would have depended on who was asked and when. He was certainly a radical voice for revolution, …

… The National Veterans Memorial and Museum (NVMM) in Columbus, Ohio is the first national memorial or museum dedicated to honor all … of their service prior to being discharged—the moment when they each became a veteran. Despite its “national” …

… Americans have always been haunted by the idea that the country is in decline. Underneath the … Hamilton (top left) , John Adams (bottom left) , George Washington (middle) , and Thomas Jefferson (right) . … nonpartisan harmony was already an exceedingly distant one when he stepped down from the presidency,” and by his last …

… On May 12, 1949,  the Soviet Union officially lifted its blockade of  West … blockade, one of the earliest episodes in the  Cold War , was largely ineffective because of several factors, … Airlift began on June 26, only two days after the Blockade when the US government initiated “Operation Vittles,” the …

… Many Americans see Israel’s response to the capture of three of its soldiers as entirely justified. … of Tyre and Beirut now, the true goal of the Israelis then was something different. That goal was to destroy the PLO … a constructive role in the Middle East, unlike the days when the hammer and sickle flew over the Kremlin. In …

… In the hours after the planes struck the World Trade Center and … W. Bush to express sympathy for the victims of the attack was the Russian president, Vladimir Putin. Putin’s phone … equipment — and still owed the Kremlin more than $7 billion when he was overthrown by U.S. forces. With Saddam now on …

… The history of fishing predates our own species . Preserved … began to hunt fish at least half a million years ago. This was not a haphazard operation, but rather a skilled … seasonal movements, and hunting techniques. Even when limited written records do exist, such as in the case …

… The movie  Conclave has left us all wondering: Do cardinals … a book about popes and the papacy (before there really was a papacy, in fact!), I have a few answers.   As is … the Roman church during an especially tumultuous period, when the Lombards were seizing territory in Italy and the …

… Both politically and culturally, Romania and the Republic of Moldova have never been closer. The … well in the 2020 elections. For some, Moldovan identity was created by the Soviet Union, a process that stripped … leanings was undone in 1918 and then reversed again when the region was occupied by the Soviet Union, which …

… The Bush Administrations decision to intervene in Iraq … have argued that Americas proactive intervention in Iraq was a return to the dominant diplomatic and military … intelligence and invaded Iraq, and this at a time when Osama bin Laden remained at large. The people of Iraq …

… Fury is the newest war film from director David Ayer. The movie … next day by American GIs. Ayer’s stated goal with the film was to challenge the conventional “good war” narrative.  He … soldier, the crew of “Fury” spend most of their time – when not in battle – committing atrocities. The film depicts …