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Labor Secretary Elaine Chao in 2005.

Written With the Blood of Miners

… in a Canadian potash mine. Seventy-two miners trapped by fire retreated to a “safe room,” a sealed chamber with a …
Cover of With Our Backs to the Wall Victory and Defeat in 1918 by David Stevenson.

The End of the War as They Knew It

Review of With Our Backs to the Wall: Victory and Defeat in 1918, by David Stevenson (Cambridge, M.A.: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2011)
… Russia brought the Bolsheviks to power, resulting in a ceasefire with the Germans. Observers questioned how the Allies … heavy artillery, gunnery, introduction of counter battery fire, and the creeping barrage which devastated German … conclusion. He traces Germany's decision to seek a ceasefire on Woodrow Wilson's terms to the fateful day of …
William Calley Jr. mugshot for charges involving the My Lai massacre.

Was William Calley a Scapegoat?

… were no armed Viet Cong there, and willing to order a cease fire! The tragedy and dishonor of My Lai, contrary to the …

Dispatches from the Armenian Revolution

… as exceptionally cold and harsh. A Russian-brokered ceasefire ended the Karabakh War in 1994, winning independence … keep warm ( left ) and a boy and his father bringing home firewood during the energy crisis of the 1990s ( right ). In …

Frenemies: Iran and America since 1900

… that included both middle-class moderates as well as firebrands from the left-wing Tudeh or "Workers" Party. … that the Shah's repressive domestic policies might backfire, sparking an anti-Western backlash against a regime … a toast one year later. On 8 January 1978, Iranian troops fired into a noisy pro-Khomeini crowd in the holy city of …
President Richard Nixon

Republican Character

Review of Republican Character: From Nixon to Reagan, by Donald T. Critchlow (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2018)
… his ideology, but rather his unrepentant brashness and his "fire from the hip" mentality (103). The public continued to …

How Public and Private Enterprise Have Built American Infrastructure

… in litigating against the expansion of coal-fired electric plants . A 2009 protest against the coal fired Capitol Power Plant in Washington, D.C. ( left ). A … the American energy mix. Natural gas was replacing coal-fired plants. More and more consumers were choosing to put …
Chartwell, the country estate of Winston Churchill

By Invitation Only

Review of The Long Weekend: Life in the English Country House, 1918-1939, by Adrian Tinniswood New York: Basic Books, 2016
A gay march in Minneapolis on June 30, 1973, the first in the country with the headline "Gay Pride".

Homosexuality and Prohibition

… if they reveal their sexual orientation, and if they are fired they have no legal recourse in most states. And as the …

A Century of U.S. Relations with Iraq

… and other world leaders to fashion a United Nations ceasefire resolution that provided a legal framework for ending the hostilities. Iraq promptly accepted the ceasefire but Iran refused, demanding that Iraq first must agree … U.S. Navy, however, Khomeini eventually accepted the ceasefire in July 1988. From the U.S. perspective, the Iran-Iraq …