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NATO's New Order: The Alliance After the Cold War

… vu all over again. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) announces plans to expand its military presence in … more heavy weapons, armored vehicles, and other equipment. NATO-member Turkey shoots down a Su-24 Russian warplane. … Channel. Russia transfers new missiles to Kaliningrad. NATO countries station new air forces in the Baltic states . …

A European Future for NATO?

… If ever there was a time for the United States to lead NATO in a new direction, this is it. But it could be France, not the United States, that guides NATO into the future. President Obama plans to deliver a … month. It will be the first statement of U.S. policy toward NATO heard from this administration. Yet behind the rhetoric …

NATO Expansion in Eastern Europe: For What and For Whom?

… As NATO’s expansion into Eastern Europe goes on, sometimes … has been little attempt by to explain to Americans what NATO was and is all about. Perhaps history from the early … formal military alliance, the Warsaw Treaty. In the 1950s, NATO extended the encirclement of the Soviets by including …

Critique of NATO’s Expansion

… Treaty Organization. But President Clinton’s push to expand NATO beyond these nations will probably backfire. His argument to expand NATO is based on an outdated crusade against communism, a … The State Department is making a similar mistake today. NATO expansion will impose new duties which Americans would …

Understanding the War in Ukraine: Insights from the Recent Past, 1991—Present

… denounced by Putin. And then the following year, 2004, NATO underwent another round of expansion, adding several … added included Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. This brought NATO  right up to Russia's borders. This was seen as a … act by Putin and Russian military leaders. You know, to us, NATO is the good guys. To Russian leaders, NATO is an …

Twitter Cold War

… plan deals with the continued strained relationship between NATO and Russia. It uses the Origins article “The collapse … and twitter war. Students will be grouped as Russians, NATO, and judges. In each group there will be an author, a … to the other groups. The groups representing Russia and NATO will make creative twitter handles that reflect …

Afghanistan: Past and Prospects

… NATO “officially” ended its combat operations in Afghanistan … the map for many in the United States. Since 2001, US and NATO forces have been in Afghanistan, first invading to … the pockets of local leaders and thousands of American, NATO, and Afghan lives lost. Yet, for this blood and …

Lessons from the Holocaust Are Relevant to the Crisis in Kosovo

… The current debates about NATO’s actions against Slobodan Milosevic demonstrate the … the military decisions made by President Clinton and other NATO leaders find plenty of evidence from the past that … and create wider hostilities. Furthermore, critics of NATO’s bombing note that assaults from the air cannot …

The Russian Invasion of Ukraine

… and they could veto any movement for Ukraine to join NATO or the European Union. So, Putin could retain influence … democratic Ukraine on his border more than Ukraine joining NATO. So a democratic Ukraine would pose a threat to his autocratic control of Russia. Of course, NATO is a big part of this Mykyta maybe you have some …

With a Little Help from Our Friends?: The Costs of Coalition Warfare

… Sometimes the contribution is more significant, like the NATO partners in Afghanistan where there is more parity with … U.S. troop deployments (see the accompanying chart from NATO). The Norm of Coalition Warfare The size of U.S. … by American forces who accidentally strafed their own NATO allies in 2006. Friendly fire fatalities have become a …

What Victory in Yugoslavia May Mean for Future Wars

… ground offensive to do that. So has the success of the NATO bombing offensive against Yugoslavia finally proved … What forced Yugoslavia to give in was the impact of NATO air attacks on the everyday lives of the civilian … That would inevitably have led to casualties among NATO pilots. Rather than risk this (and the political heat …

After 50 Years, a Great Military Debate Resumes

… to Europe and commit itself to acting in concert with NATO allies.  Senator Robert A. Taft (R-Ohio) led the forces against this … But there is one crucial difference. In Taft's day, the NATO allies had little strength beyond what the United …

World War II Memory in Putin's Russia

… bolstered Russia's international prestige. Also, with NATO expansion taking place. This map shows two rounds of NATO expansion 1999 and also in 2004. This second round of … countries Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. This brought NATO right up to Russia's border. So with NATO expansion, …

Kosovo's Year Zero: Between a Balkan Past and a European Future

… given Kosovo wide political autonomy under the auspices of NATO, led to NATO intervention. Operation "Merciful Angel" became a 78-day Serbia- and Montenegro-wide NATO bombing campaign that often seemed to lack a real …

Hitler’s Gamble with Destiny, 1941

… Atlantic Treaty Organization, the United States and its NATO allies constantly ask how far NATO can expand without provoking the Russian Republic. NATO doesn’t defer to any other country, so why to Russia?  …

The Costs of Intervention

… In Iraq and Afghanistan, U.S. and NATO forces have few good options. A rapid military … laid the basis for future turmoil. The United States and NATO have few good options in Iraq and Afghanistan. A rapid …

Don’t Compare America Now With Britain Then

… do the members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). Today, any nation that attacked the United States … would also have to face the other eighteen members of NATO. And even if the United States failed to deter aggression and NATO failed to react, the situation would still be very …

A New Kind of Anti-Americanism

… the European common market and paying the lion’s share for NATO, the multilateral alliance to defend Europe. In the … regardless of the views of the United Nations or their NATO allies. In the high Cold War period of the 1950s, …

Bombings, Blood Debts, and Mutual Suspicion

… across China as they vented their outrage against NATO following the bombing of the Chinese embassy in … mobbed the U.S. consulates in China were not convinced by NATO’s apologies and explanations. And the government no …

Advice from the Past about Yugoslavia

… Widespread doubts about NATO’s bombing of Yugoslavia have been replaced by relief … two leaders he much admires, President John Kennedy and Senator J. William Fulbright. Both rethought hawkish policies … hundreds of thousands of U.S. ground troops, the senator regretted his action. Fulbright concluded that the …

Sowing Nuclear Seeds of Division

… throughout the ’50s. Eisenhower was convinced that the NATO alliance had to be kept firm, or the United States … (in his words) ” skunks, saber-rattlers and warmongers.” NATO did agree to nuclearize. But ultimately the United …

Nuclear Tensions, Nuclear Weapons, and a Long History of Nuclear War

Dispatches from the Armenian Revolution

… confrontation with Russia. Eschewing nationalism and  NATO , the April Armenian Revolution avoided the pitfalls … won a controversial victory. President Serzh Sargsyan at a NATO meeting in 2014 ( left ). A poster featuring Armenian …

Brandishing Nukes–A Self-Defeating Policy

… concern about U.S. “warmongering” threatened a rift in the NATO alliance in the 1950s, just as it does today. Trying to … to dwindle. The strains between the United States and NATO allies will grow.Ý Another attack on our soil might …