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The Fate of the Kurds

… rooted in ancient ethnic hatreds, but in modern ideas of nationalism as they emerged in the late 19 th and early 20 … of which were intended to counter the rise of competing nationalisms in the empire. The state sought to tighten its … and authoritarian wing of the Ottoman Committee of Union and Progress—CUP, the main Young Turk party—came to …

America's "Big Brother": A Century of U.S. Domestic Surveillance

… The potential of the National Security Agency (NSA) “to violate the privacy of … private Pinkerton detective agency that had supplied the Union with intelligence during the Civil War and spent … A hunt for communists ensued, driven on by fear of the new Soviet regime, which emerged in November 1917. In 1919, a …
Ronald Reagan toasting at a State Dinner during his presidency.

Behind the Reagan Myths, a Mediocre Presidency

… His role in ending the Cold War was less important than the Soviet Union’s collapse from internal strains. He was a political … change. In 1933, his New Deal projected a change in the national government’s role in regulating and balancing the …

Syria's Islamic Movement and the 2011-12 Uprising

… constituencies of the umbrella opposition group, the Syrian National Council (SNC), are staunch non-Islamists. Two weeks … Party. The regime also cultivated closer relations with the Soviet Union, the German Democratic Republic and the other …

The Amazon Rainforest under Threat

… policies and demanding protection of the Amazon. International attention focused on the fires, the majority of … fired Ricardo Galvão, the director of INPE, Brazil’s National Institute for Space Research, who defended the … highest total in 10 years. In the face of a torrent of international criticism, Bolsonaro blamed NGOs and …

The Other Half of the African Sky: Women’s Struggles in Zimbabwe

… of the country's economic allies, including the European Union and the United States, withdrew aid and levied … impoverished. For this, the country's officials blame international actors. President Obama is not convinced, seeing … Mugabe, then a leader of the Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU), further elicited female support for the war …
A memorial dedicated to the heroes of the Great Patriotic War (1941-45) in Yaroslavl.

From Kulikovo Field to Kursk: Russia’s Forever War

Review of Russia: The Story of War, by Gregory Carleton (Cambridge, MA and London: Belknap/Harvard University Press, 2017)
… St. Basil’s Cathedral. Nearby, a row of monuments honoring Soviet “Hero Cities” for their sacrifices in the Second … does it permeate Russian culture. The panoply of enduring national myths and symbols prominently displayed in Moscow … 1941, earning it the title of “Hero Fortress” of the Soviet Union. Consequently, Dmitry Donskoy’s victory against the …
Mohammed Reza Pahlavi, Shah of Iran, shakes hands with a US Air Force general officer prior to his departure from the United States

The Need to Talk with Iran

… turbulent Middle East. The United States and the European Union favor placing Iran before the United Nations Security … States negotiated with its most potent adversary, the Soviet Union. President Eisenhower, with the leaders of … History News Service … Middle East … Iran … Diplomacy/International Relations … International Organizations … The Need …

Viewpoint Iran: The Past and Present of the U.S.-Iran Standoff

… any partnership on Iran taking steps to meet its “international obligations.” On the Iranian side, Rouhani … were an intolerable threat. Led by Great Britain and the Soviet Union, they invaded Iran, forced Reza Shah to abdicate, and …
painting - the War of 1812

The Legacy of the War of 1812 Is With Us Still

… created what the War of Independence had not: Canadian nationalism and a sense of Canadian collective identity. The … Jr., a historian in Washington D.C., is a co-founder of the National History Center. … James M. Banner … Jr. … History …
members of the Tea Party holding signs

The Great American Debate Recommences

… fiscal responsibility, lower taxes, states’ rights and national security.”   There’s an irony here, though. The Tea … to tax and to regulate interstate commerce and created a national government that for the first time had executive … the Tea Party folks are fiercely distrustful of the national government, especially its power to tax, even …
An MP looking north from South Korea in the Demilitarized Zone, 2008.

The War That Never Ended: The Legacy of the Korean War

… other liberal democracies.  For example, under the archaic National Security Law, North Korean literature and … Fatherland Liberation War,” deny the importance of Soviet or Chinese assistance in helping the North Korean … KPA. Mao Zedong’s own son died during the conflict. Soviet leader  Joseph Stalin , reluctant to engage the U.S. …
Nancy Reagan speaking at a "Just Say No" Rally.

The “Modern” War on Drugs (Prologued, Season 2, Episode 1)

… to step down following his election victory that the international community deemed illegitimate. The U.S. has also … It has been banned in 32 countries, including the European Union, but is still widely used in developing nations. Sarah … the sort of lodestar of Cold War strategy of containment of Soviet Communism is jeopardized, because the public will …

Populism and Anti-Americanism in Modern Latin America

… and socialism, social equality, and some forms of nationalism. While this may be the case in practice, as … industries that resulted in a large industrial and unionized middle class. The programs of state intervention … States, which attempted to counter increasing communist and Soviet influence in the region by backing brutal military …
The aurora borealis over the Arctic

Climate Change, Russia, and the Race for the Arctic

… and Origins editor Nicholas Breyfogle about the international race for the arctic . He tells us about the complex … particular, the 1920s and 1930s when it was the year of the Soviet Union. This was a time where were Russian polar explorers …
Border Fence/Wall

Shifting Borders: The Many Sides of U.S.-Mexican Relations

… enforcement regime.   Jessica Vinas-Nelson  Were international disputes like the Zimmermann Telegram during World … to make a distinction between what government officials and national governments...the rhetoric they use between one … dictated by the concerns over the Cold War and communist Soviet infiltration into the region. So in that regard, …
Andrés Manuel López Obrador in front of Mexican flag

"Juntos Haremos Historia": AMLO and Mexico's Fourth Transformation

… on Mexican film, and the construction of Mexican national identity. Welcome, Reyna. Reyna Esquivel-King   … where we do see a massive land reform and, of course, the nationalization of oil in 1938. He kind of takes that legacy … it did come up. It wasn't nearly as much of a part of the national conversation as I think it gets projected in our …
Graffiti on wall: "Broken Promises"

Jefferson Cowie on Deindustrialization, Trade, and the 2016 Presidential Election

… of manufacturing jobs from place to place, and international trade like NAFTA and the TPP. He also explains why … the late 30s and 19 early 1940s, up through the early 70s. Union density goes up and then it goes down, inequality goes … and American change, question the influence of labor unions and explore why he sees similarities between the …
Ajax, The Dutch, The War: the Strange Tale of Soccer During Europe's Darkest Hour, by Simon Kuper Book cover.

Is It Only A Game?

Review of Ajax, The Dutch, The War: the Strange Tale of Soccer During Europe's Darkest Hour, by Simon Kuper (New York: Nation Books, 2012)
Lynchburg Virginia Confederate Monument

Confederate Monuments: Why Take ‘Em Down? What Do We Put Up in Their Place?

What role do Confederate memorials play in American memory, and how does the National Memorial to Peace and Justice seek to correct that memory? Should we preserve or purge Confederate monuments from public spaces?
Grade Level
9-12
9
10
11
12
Teaching Area
US History since 1877
US History to 1877
African American History
… memorials play in American memory, and how does the National Memorial to Peace and Justice seek to correct that …
Mehmed VI, the last Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, leaving the country after the abolition of the Ottoman sultanate, 1922

The Long End of the Ottoman Empire

… army and government, under the control of the Committee of Union and Progress (CUP or the Unionists), first resorted to limited security measures to … capital, and the global spread of the Wilsonian promise of national self-determination politically energized the …

A Sea of Troubles: The Philippines and Pacific Geopolitics

… of  China ,  Japan , and the United States. And Philippine nationalism has often struggled to assert itself against … on February 27. Cold War Pragmatism: Between the U.S., Soviet Union, and China On July 4, 1946, the United States …
Pakistan to US Student Exchange Program, July 2011.

Captive Scholarship Serves Nobody Well

… have an annoying habit of reaching conclusions contrary to national policy. The House of Representatives, disturbed by … act, HR3077, to bring one group of experts, those in international studies, under stricter government control. This … will alter the disbursement of federal funding for international or “area studies” programs. These interdisciplinary …