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Artifact from Benin

Who Owns the Past? Museums and Cultural Heritage Repatriation

… In November 2018, a report commissioned by French President Emannuel Macron called for … of Native American remains by American museums to the complicated provenance of Greek and Roman antiquities held … speak with two experts in material culture and museum studies — Professor Sarah Van Beurden and Origins editor Steven …
Cover of Faustian Bargain: The Soviet-German Partnership and the Origins of the Second World War by Ian Ona Johnson.

The Soviet-German Exchange: Beyond Ideology and Opportunism

Review of Faustian Bargain: The Soviet-German Partnership and the Origins of the Second World War, by Ian Ona Johnson (New York: Oxford University Press, 2021)
… and they will conjure up images of beleaguered Red Army soldiers at Stalingrad , the mechanized carnage of the tank … order and provide readers bite-sized analyses of complex political, social, and military affairs. For … of Johnson’s work. Each side believed their own system superior to the other, yet each saw opportunities too …
Painting of the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand

Memories of the Great War

… bring us first-hand stories of how the Great War is being commemorated across the globe. Brenna Miller joined us from … and Belgrade and Keshia Lai as she reports on the less studied war memorials in Singapore.   Patrick Potyondy   So … our music. Song and band information can be found on our website. You can find our podcasts and more at our website

Conserving Diversity at the Dinner Table: Plants, Food Security, and Gene Banks

… birds—dried Indian corn, wheat, barley, and fish. The local diet also included lobster, eel, nuts, squash, beans, and … farmed no longer exist. Four centuries later, we have come to depend increasingly on only a handful of commercial … maize and potatoes—provide more than 60 percent of human dietary energy supply. The narrowing of crop diversity has …

'The World's Worst Humanitarian Crisis': Understanding the Darfur Conflict

… called it "genocide." The violence and destruction is often compared to the 1994 genocide in Rwanda. These tragic events have riveted the international community and attracted unprecedented media attention. … and instability. Behind the tragic events in Darfur lies a complex history of deeply entrenched social inequalities, an …
Rendering of the new National World War I Memorial in Washington DC

It’s Time for a National World War I Memorial

… nearly 117,000 perished during the war — 53, 402 in combat — and another 204,000 were wounded. Many believe that the last man to die in the war was an American soldier, 23-year-old Henry Gunther of Baltimore. He was killed …

A Fresh Start for Pakistan?

… in 1947, Pakistan’s political elites have faced regional, communal, and religious obstacles to building a stable, … Beginning: Independence and Partition Salmon Rushdie has famously described Pakistan as “a place … … the head of state, Governor-General, of Pakistan. But he died the following year leaving a power vacuum. The …
Emancipation Memorial in Lincoln Park, Washington DC.

Bicentennial for Two Great Emancipators

… Both were born on February 12, 1809 — Darwin into a comfortable family in Shropshire, England, Lincoln into … political and moral actions.   Both revolutions share a commitment to the same proposition: that all human beings … are all created equal.   For his part, Darwin was a deeply committed abolitionist from a family of deeply committed …
Thomas Sankara

Politics, Cinema, and Liberation in Burkina Faso

… Sankara led a coalition of radical military officers, communist activists, labor leaders, and militant students to … government’s rise and fall, demonstrating how it embodied the critical transition period in modern African … James E. Genova is Professor of History and Film Studies at The Ohio State University-Marion. He's the author of …
General Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1945.

Second-Guessing Hiroshima?

… Hiroshima, the personal pilot of General Douglas MacArthur, commander of Allied forces in the Pacific, recorded in his … monster." In 1963 President Eisenhower, the Allied commander in Europe during World War II, recalled, as he did … critics must, necessarily, be liberals or pacifists. The comments of men such as Hoover and Eisenhower, leading …

Clampdown and Blowback: How State Repression Has Radicalized Islamist Groups in Egypt

… that the man’s predictions for the future of Egypt may be coming true. Since the coup that ousted Morsi, the Egyptian … the year since Morsi’s overthrow, an estimated 1,400 have died as a result of political violence, many of them Ikhwān … more moderate Islamist forces. An estimated 1,600 people died during this period. The Al-Sisi Presidency and Islam in …

Breaking Up Is Hard to Do: America's Love Affair with the Two-Party System

… The left side of the American political-entertainment complex has passed the time since the 2012 election watching … country? How much longer can John Boehner control the superconservatives on his back bench? Science , or quackery … After the war, which most Federalists opposed, the party died out. Historians sometimes describe the national …
Happy 2nd Lieutenant William Robertson and Lt. Alexander Sylvashko, Soviet Army, shown in front of sign [East Meets West] symbolizing the historic meeting of the Soviet and American Armies, near Torgau, Germany, 1945.

Top Ten Origins: The Best Moments in U.S.-Russian Relations

… many friendly moments as well. These constructive episodes complicate a history that is often painted as invariably … alliance was the historic meeting of Soviet and American soldiers on the Elbe River in Germany on April 25, 1945. The … as a solid foundation for good relations between the two superpowers. 9. Samantha Smith’s Letter to Soviet General …
Nationalist police forces in Barcelona preventing voting in the October 1, 2017 referendum.

Top Ten Origins: Catalonia (Catalunya) and Spain

… ten historical moments help us understand the long and complicated relationships Catalunya has had with Spain as … to Spanish and French, known as Catalan. 2. Catalunya: A Medieval Borderland Miniature of Charlemagne and four Muslim … of the Franks, evolved one of the earliest parliamentary bodies in Europe, the corts of Catalunya, which wielded a …

What We Talk About When We Talk About Confederate Monuments

… the violence had already begun. But the worst was yet to come. Saturday’s rally was scheduled to start at noon, but … the Right rally ( top left ). Virginia National Guard soldiers and Virginia State Police in the aftermath of the … Seven years earlier, the Albemarle County Board of Supervisors had “confiscated the land from its black …
The flag of Ethiopia under the rule of the Derg, 1975-1987

Blind Aid: Lessons (Not Learned) from the Ethiopian Famine

… be thousands, hundreds [of] thousands of people who will die.” Vasset’s comments encapsulated the international response to the … the global conscience with his images of emaciated bodies, dying children, and throngs of desperate refugees …

Conflict Termination: How to End -- and Not to End -- Insurgencies

… over the trajectory of the on-going American military commitment in Iraq and Afghanistan has combined with … in the Philippines. So let us turn to several case studies to explore these issues more closely. Vietnam The story … a significant number of Khymer who, as we now know, would die at the hands of the Khymer Rouge. France and Algeria Our …
President Nixon signing a bill in 1972.

When Congress Failed to Stop the Vietnam War

… debt ceiling. These routine but necessary measures became complicated when the Eagleton Amendment was added to them. … between those, led by J. William Fulbright, who favored the compromise, and those, such as Eagleton, who opposed it. Fulbright and his colleagues conceded that the compromise allowed Nixon to continue bombing for 45 days. …

A Century of HIV

… human immune systems, HIV has also allowed tuberculosis to come thundering back as a global health threat and has … ethical framework for patient participation in research studies. The virus has also spurred scientists to create a … Republic of the Congo in 1960 ( left ). Portuguese soldiers in Angola during the War of Liberation between …
Dr. Aleš Hrdlička

“No law can change our blood"

Review of Blood Will Tell: Native Americans and Assimilation Policy, by Katherine Ellinghaus Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2017.
… to the long list of assaults enacted on the Native American community, put alongside boarding schools, forbidden … policy and prompted her exploration into this topic. Few studies before hers have investigated the relationship between … these three tropes through multiple and diverse case studies which demonstrate the effects of blood discourse on …
Female governors left to right, Nellie Tayloe Ross, Ella T. Grasso, Kay Orr, and Gretchen Whitmer.

A Century of Elected Woman Governors in the United States, 1924-2024

… husbands’ unfinished business. In Wyoming, William B. Ross died while governor in October 1924 from complications following an emergency appendectomy. The … Wallace ran for governor on the platform that they embodied a continuation of each of their respective husband’s …
Taiwanese flags on display for National Day, 2018.

The Taiwan Strait Conflict

… put the entire  global economy in disarray and for years to come. Estimates of possible losses differ, but they are in … Corporation (TSMC) manufactures over 90 percent of the smallest and most advanced semiconductor chips are … and vocal age of open demonstrations. Chiang Kai-shek died in 1975. Faced with a revolting society led by the …