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This Dutch UNPROFOR observation post in Srebrenica took heavy fire from Bosnian Serb troops in 1995.

Srebrenica and its Memory

In July 1995, in the final days of the Bosnian War, over 8,000 Bosnian Muslim men and boys were killed in the Srebrenica massacre.
Afar community animal health worker describing the appearance and characteristics of rinderpest in cattle (photo credit: ILRI/Jeff Mariner).

The Second Disease Eradication: Rinderpest

… eradication is just as much a victory of science and internationalism as the first. It just never got the same … further research. In 1863 they organized the first international conference of veterinary surgeons in Hamburg to … more effective continued. Scientific Breakthroughs and International Cooperation In the early 20th century, scientists …

The Summer of ’10: Federal Power, Local Autonomy, and the Struggle over Immigration Policy

… rights movement, Governor Orval Faubus dispatched Arkansas National Guard troops to prevent black students from … recent nativist statute, after the American Civil Liberties Union, NAACP, Mexican-American Legal Defense Fund and others … about the optimal degree of local autonomy in a system of national immigration rules, date to the very beginnings of …
Cover of The End of the West: The Once and Future Europe by David Marquand

The End of the World as We Know It?

Review of The End of the West: The Once and Future Europe, by David Marquand (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2011)
… since 1945: How that idea helped to construct the European Union; what its chief architects wanted the E.U. to be; what … twentieth century - the deliberate construction of a supranational European Community, based on law rather than force, … countries now includes 27 member states. The European Union's population stands at 500 million with a combined GDP …
wind turbines

Energy Policy: How is the “Long Transition” from Fossil Fuels Doing?

… uncertainties in the Middle East and elsewhere, and national economies reacting to worldwide recession, American … in order to keep prices up.  About 80 percent of the Saudi national budget is paid for with oil receipts, and as the … the transition to a green energy economy.  Indeed, the International Energy Agency predicts that is what will happen. …
Print depicting the USS Olympia firing on the Spanish fleet during the Battle of Manila Bay on May 1, 1898.

Top Ten Origins: Puerto Rico and the United States

… adhering to U.S. laws. The U.S. maintained control of international affairs including trade, defense, immigration, and … Washington, D.C. on April 22, 1952. 4. Puerto Rican First: Nationalism and Nationalist Opposition The flag of Puerto Rico, adopted in …
George H. W. Bush Speaking in St. Louis, 1988. Behind him is Missouri Governor John Ashcroft.

The Danger of Scaring the Voters

… Bush’s vice president, his secretary of defense, and his national security advisor have all publicly likened the war … public support for a seemingly endless struggle against the Soviets. He and his advisers pondered how to shore up the … enemy. Bush took a similar tack in his 2004 State of the Union speech, decrying Americans who “believe that the …
Chinese nuclear bomb on display in China.

A Danger Shared by All

… Treaty of 2002. But will he be able to help forge an international consensus to stifle nuclear proliferation and push … Global/Transnational … Diplomacy/International Relations …
Israeli Prime Minister, Levi Eshkol

Six Days That Shook The World

Review of The Six Day War: The Breaking of the Middle East, by Guy Laron (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2017)
… and providing much detail, Guy Laron, a scholar of international relations at Jerusalem’s Hebrew University, offers … governments, and insufficient pressures by the U.S. and Soviet superpowers to deter regional military violence. … intended to draw Egypt and potentially even the Soviet Union into the conflict. The fact that Nasser’s hawkish …
Fidel Castro in 1959

Easing Up on Cuba

… had been broken, the Cold War was at its peak, and the Soviet Union had become Cuba’s patron, pouring billions annually … agreed to games between the Baltimore Orioles and the Cuban national team. Still, most Americans cannot visit Cuba … Diplomacy/International Relations …
The Taras Shevchenko monument in Borodyanka, Ukraine damaged by the Russian attack, April 2022.

Taras Shevchenko, Poet of Ukraine

… his family and members of his nation. He painted Ukrainian national landscapes and historical sites in an album he … that briefly led to the first-ever independent Ukraine, the Soviet state tried to co-opt the idea and legacy of … of peoples.” Statues of Shevchenko were built in the Soviet era, including the well-known one in the center of …

Socialism Takes Over France, Again?

… on a silver screen in hues of red, white and blue (the national colors). The two contenders in the run-off for … the center-right incumbent, Nicolas Sarkozy, leader of the Union for a Popular Movement (UMP). "Sarko," as he is … every lever of political power—the presidency, Senate, National Assembly, and most of France's 22 regions and …

Charles Darwin’s American Adventure: A Melodrama in Three Acts

… one sort or another in 45 countries according to the International Darwin Day Foundation website. Born on February 12, … American education because of another form of it. After the Soviet Union launched the Sputnik satellite, and thus took the lead … Global/Transnational
2006 map of North Korea and South Korea.

Applying the Antarctic Solution to the Korean Nuclear Impasse

… an achievement during the early years of the Cold War. The Soviet Union, only four years earlier, had rejected Eisenhower’s … Skies” aerial inspection plan, which would have covered Soviet and American territory. The Antarctic Treaty was a … Diplomacy/International Relations …