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… it was Algeria’s Front de Liberation Nationale (FLN), seeking independence from France, that defined modern terrorism … need not call into question Yasser Arafat’s recent peacemaking moves to recall that for years his Palestinian … civilians while committing some of the world’s most shocking deeds. The constituent groups of Arafat’s PLO pioneered …

… occupation of the Ruhr by Franco-Belgian forces, stoking nationalist resentments.  The economy, already in … The eight-hour workday, a cherished promise to Germany’s working class that stood out as one of the few tangible … through these crises. Just one month later, as “vigilante” assassinations and political violence destabilized the …

… a decaying party and a restive electorate cracked it. The assassination of a PRI candidate in mysterious circumstances … the process of selecting candidates, as opposed to handpicking by incumbent party leaders or cabals. The final …

… (then named Octavian) as his heir, and Julius’s assassination gave the young man an instant spot in the … grain supply, and the maintenance of public works, thus taking on the biggest responsibilities of any government. As … Prima Porta Statue shows a powerful and youthful Augustus making an address. This story is usually told and appreciated …

… David Abulafia’s The Boundless Sea  is not, strictly speaking, a history of oceans. As the sub-title suggests, this … role throughout this book. For instance, the medieval kingdom of Sri Vijaya in Sumatra thrived because its …

… city into a state of panic by means of widespread arson and assassination, including the murder of Cicero. With the city … Senate’s advice, put the prisoners to death. Strictly speaking, the executions were illegal (as we are supposing … out a coup d’etat? When Cicero saved the republic by breaking the law, he had every reason to believe that he would …

… EU member, has stepped up to help its smaller, Romanian-speaking neighbor during this time of crisis. Bucharest has … until the mid-1800s.  Prior to this Romanian national awaking, the people who make up modern Romania and Moldova … his rule.  The union, however, soon collapsed with the assassination of Prince Mihai by a treasonous Habsburg …

… altogether. One of these influential isolationists was Martin Dies, the Texas congressman who chaired the House … for a pre-emptive attack on Britain and France before making war on the eastern front. And his impatience for …

… time, Zimbabwe's gross domestic product (GDP) had been shrinking significantly for several years. Since then, the nation … about the trials that WOZA activists endure in making their concerns known, including being "gassed, … in 1984 and named in honor of Robert Kennedy after his 1968 assassination, honors human rights defenders "across the …

… Producing Vaccines in the Lab Louis Pasteur photographed working within his laboratory, undated. Later in the nineteenth … Vaccines: Treating Diphtheria This poster from the United Kingdom, circa 1960, advocates diphtheria immunization. … In 2014, public health workers in Pakistan working to immunize people from polio were murdered by …

… was polygyny—one man and multiple women. We're not just talking about exotic island cultures or lost tribes in the … ancient India, the Middle East, Africa, China, and many kingdoms in South America. The upper classes in several … to deprive another British citizen of her liberty by locking her up, even if she was his wife. English common law, …

… Not only did Johnson reach the Oval Office following the assassination of John F. Kennedy in November 1963, but he … politics has its own logic and grammar. Even lacking a crisis abroad, a president can ultimately overcome …

… Harper Collins, Seal Press, Rowan and Littlefield and St. Martin's Press. Last but not least, please meet Robin Judd. … So it's, as contemporary people we are so used to thinking about the passport, the document and the border check … is a given. But we have to remember that historically speaking this a very recent thing that only came into being in …

… its famous bar and helped himself to several dozen dry martinis. The residents of Paris throng the streets to greet … everyday French citizens and the active support of high-ranking French officials and prominent elites like fashion … residents? Disillusioned with Hitler and the war? Looking to save his own reputation and avoid Allied prosecution …

… safety was endangered. Lincoln countered by citing “Luther v. Borden,” an 1849 case, in which Taney himself …

… and the eruption of separatist insurgencies in Russian-speaking regions of eastern Ukraine. Sanctions imposed on Russia … and confusions about Ukrainian identity centuries in the making. Ukraine, Russia, and History Ukrainian-Russian … Ukrainian, but would expect the Ukrainian to switch to speaking Russian and not the other way around. Assimilation is …

… posthumous histories of his reign . This process of myth-making was initiated by Liu Bang himself upon his ascension to … (“Sir Liu” and “Madam Liu”). They were farmers, working the rice paddies that stretched out from the Yellow … to execute the other. Liu Bang narrowly avoided his own assassination and fled with his army. Four years later, in …

… could beat the depression-plagued Democratic candidate Martin Van Buren ("Little Van, the Used-Up Man"). They were … votes. There are other ways of counting losers besides looking at the final outcome. Some candidates in American …

… Abdul Nasser of Egypt, Julius Nyerere of Tanzania, and King Hasan of Morocco. Africa became a Cold War zone where … in Africa during the first decade of independence. Seeking for ways to compete with the superpowers for control … from the World Bank in the late 1960s to build a railway linking the copper-producing region with the sea in Tanzania. …

… devastation. Located in the heart of the “Old Town,” the Lutheran church of our Lady, Frauenkirche, was one of the … mass influx of refugees from war-torn parts of the globe seeking asylum in Germany. In fact, Dresden and surrounding … hold protests and demonstrations against Pegida. While walking through Neustadt, one sees many signs welcoming …

… took both rich and poor, rural and urban: the daughter of King Edward III of England died of the plague in the summer … its reach, and the poor suffered disproportionately. Strikingly, if a mother survived the plague, her children tended … resource wars—began a search for new ways to the East, making their way south along the African coast, launching an …

… came to be known as the Intifada, from the Arabic for “shaking off”) against Israeli rule, which had been in place for …