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Logo of General Motors.svg

The Federal Government Should Hold On To General Motors

… federal officials, and General Motors (GM) executives are celebrating the U.S. Treasury’s recent announcement that … beginning to sell its share in the bailed-out auto giant. They claim that the government’s sell-off is good for GM and … in spring 2009. What was then the world’s largest auto company had been hemorrhaging money for years, losing an …
Detail from the Rotunda of the U.S. Capitol.

Common Good and Common Evil in American Religion

Review of America’s Religious Wars: The Embattled Heart of Our Public Life, by Kathleen M. Sands (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2019)
… you do not discuss religion, sex, or politics in polite company. Sex to one side, in America’s Religious Wars, … intellectually inconsistent religion-talk to sanction what they already believed was the right way of viewing political issues, and we’ve been trying to square that circle ever since. Detail from the Rotunda of the …

A Century of Sanctions

… administration has added more than 1,000 individuals and companies to sanctions lists. The president has gloried in … as both the idealist’s dream and the realist’s cudgel. They have promised to the powerless a world free of war and … financial markets. Here was a plan for using economic warfare not as a way to avoid violence but as a means to …
Plate of enchiladas at a Mexican restaurant.

Mexican Food in the United States

… “authentic,” and “pure,” recipes and cuisines are similar to all other historical phenomena: They change over time. This is certainly the case for … Powder  The food tradition of the American Southwest has come about through various populations’ contributions over …
Infamous photograph of German soldiers rounding up Jews for deportation in the Warsaw Ghetto, 1943.

Weathering the Storm: Wartime Lives of Ordinary People

Review of An Iron Wind: Europe Under Hitler, by Peter Fritzsche (New York: Basic Books, 2016)
… living in those nations. Consequently, individuals were rarely simply resistors or collaborators. Rather, they existed in a “moral no-man’s land.” Survival, which … German soldier. Fritzsche is particularly interested in comparing the French and Polish accounts about sharing space …
Djiboutian workers fill bags with wheat destined for Ethiopia, provided by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), at the Port of Djibouti, Africa, Jan. 7, 2013.

The Birth and Death of USAID

… in the beginning of 2025, still working in the name of the commitment that President John F. Kennedy had made in 1961 … social development of other countries and continents.”  We are going “to help them help themselves,” he had promised in … more countries were turning to Moscow for the assistance they were not getting from Washington.  The situation was …
The logo for the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda.

Genocide and Justice in Rwanda

… of criminal responsibility imposed by the international community for the commission of mass atrocities. Yet, … tribunals had jurisdiction only in these two locations, so they did not cover genocide committed elsewhere. The … however, China, Russia, and the United States are not parties to the Rome Statute. Their absence limits …
Women working at a farm at Lamas district in Peru, 2014. (Photo by CIF Action)

Reforming Peruvian Agriculture, Again

… farmers to improve their productivity and the conditions they live in.” For the brief period that he served, Castillo … included several well-funded international programs to share technology with small farmers and rural residents. In … declared, the group trains “farmers, women, and indigenous communities in the use of improved technologies in current …
Fort Bragg sign - home of the Airborne and Special Operations Forces

Renaming Southern Army Bases Is Nothing New

… Once again U.S. Army bases named for confederate leaders are in the news cycle. The outgoing president vetoed the … Base names, like statues , represent historical memory. They showcase what a society reveres. In the attempt to … moves from the Jim Crow era. The opportunity to change our common legacy rests fully in our hands. Renaming these bases …
Garden District of New Orleans.

Learning to Dance With the French

… people can find each other really annoying. Bush and Chirac are scheduled to meet again this December at a long-planned … celebrating the bicentennial of the Louisiana Purchase. They’re supposed to reenact the signing of the final … French Louisianians like myself no longer have much in common with our cousins in Paris. But in 1803, following the …
One of the McMinnville UFO photographs. Skeptics have concluded that the UFO was a small model suspended by wires or string from the power lines visible at the top of the photo.

The Air Force Investigation into UFOs

… a rough estimation of the objects speed and found that they were moving at approximately 1,700 miles per hour. This … investigating reports of UFOs. To this end it instituted a comprehensive study of UFOs.  This study, known as Project … UFO reports conducted by the staff of the Air Force base nearest the location of a reported sighting. If the initial …
Port of Buenos Aires

Cholera and Argentina: Insights for COVID-19

… began in 1817 and continue to this day, cholera ravaged communities and strained political and economic orders … about cholera, the disease remains endemic in South Asia, areas of Africa, and, most recently, Haiti . When cholera … the disease vexed medical specialists and other analysts. They questioned how a disease could move across the globe …
Last Supper By Simon Ushakov, 1685

Reverence and Relics: The Holy Dead in the Pre-Modern Christian World

Review of Why Can the Dead Do Such Great Things? Saints and Worshippers from the Martyrs to the Reformation, by Robert Bartlett (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2013)
… men and women be revered and seen as a conduit to God, or are they polytheistic distractions that turn Christians away … were an obvious denominational marker. “Part Two: Dynamics” comprises the bulk of the book. In chapters five through …
The NASA Space Shuttle Challenger launching in 1983.

Mars: A Planet Too Far?

… In popular memory, President John F. Kennedy boldly declared in 1961 that Americans should race to the moon, and the … He twice attempted to escape the tremendous financial commitment by promoting a joint lunar trip by the United … the White House a year from today and since a new president definitely will be in power long before Bush’s Mars time …
In 2011, thousands of ultra-nationalist demonstrators took to the streets of Moscow, armed with tsarist insignia and shouting the anti-immigrant chant "Let's give Russia back to the Russians!"

Russia’s Lost Empire

Review of Lost Kingdom: The Quest for Empire and the Making of the Russian Nation, From 1470 to the Present, by Serhii Plokhy (New York: Basic Books, 2017)
… These questions have been asked for hundreds of years, but they are especially important given current events in former … and truly non-Russian populations dwelled . Readers might come away with the impression that the Russian Empire and …
Globe on a plate with knife and fork next to it

Diet for a Large Planet

… We are facing a world food crisis of unparalleled proportions. … food to vegan diets to strictly local food consumption are often discussed, but a central question remains: how did … Nicholas Breyfogle: Welcome to Diet for a Large Planet by The Ohio State … to nurture human health and support sustainability, but they currently threat both -- that's a quote. This addresses …
Greek amphora, or jug, from c. 540 BCE showing two hoplite phalanxes engaged in combat. Hoplites were the heavy infantry who formed the backbone of most Greek armies in the Classical Age.

A Fragmented History of Ancient Generalship

Review of The Classical Art of Command: Eight Greek Generals Who Shaped the History of Warfare, by Joseph Roisman (New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2017)
… Joseph Roisman’s  The Classical Art of Command: Eight Greek Generals Who Shaped the History of Warfare  should have been written long ago. At first, the book … Roisman notes that he chose the generals he did because they were illustrative of the type of generalship typical in …
Cover of Guantánamo, USA The Untold History of America's Cuban Outpost by Stephen Irving Max Schwab.

Guantanamo For Beginners

Review of Guantanamo, USA: The Untold History of America's Cuban Outpost, by Stephen Irving Max Schwab (University Press of Kansas, 2009)
… Guantanamo Bay has become one the most infamous places on earth.  In the United … to the United States. (186).  Two of the eight chapters are reserved for the history of Guantanamo during the height … he believed troublesome.  Clearly Schwab researched this topic thoroughly and has produced a masterfully written …
a billboard with flags of many countries and the word Peace on it.

A Conscientious Objector Looks Back

… were symbolic munYou would the announcement over the intercom: .. Youhear would hear the announcement sentiment was … the on the on hall. By the mattress lime Edward, documents are more concerned with those Army physical in Boston, the … "The doctor ~its me down. and he on your physical. | see they're not going There inisa apsychiatric heavy dose irony …
A card celebrating March 8 as International Women’s Day.

International Women's Day

… break with socialist tradition. Though ideologically committed to human equality, socialists had long argued that … women, socialist leaders decided to embrace it. Still, they insisted that the vote was a means to an end, not an … holiday until the end of the 20th century, marked by carefully orchestrated, state-sponsored celebrations of …
The federal government commissioned a series of public murals from the artists it employed: William Gropper's Construction of a Dam (1939) is characteristic of much of the art of the 1930s, with workers seen in heroic poses, laboring in unison to complete a great public project.

Guess What? The New Deal Worked!

… Since the economic crisis we’re now in is being compared to the Great Depression, the solutions being offered … Conservation Corps. Republicans hated these programs. They denounced the WPA as “We Putter Around.” The new …
First Cabinet of President Barack Obama in the White House East Room.

The Distant Horizon of a President

… a failure after only one year. His signature health care initiative was stalled; his inner circle had begun to … cautious, thoughtful Obama was just plain weak, or worse: incompetent. Well, health care legislation has passed, the … odds. The results only became evident years after they left office.   Leaders who seek to replicate the …
Cygnet, Ohio, in Wood County was a booming oil town with 13 saloons and many workers when this photo was taken in 1885.

An Energy Plan for You!

… Watch out for George W. and his gas and oil pals. They’ve got an energy plan for us! White House chief … Dwight D. Eisenhower and Republican legislators took unbecomingly large financial contributions from the appreciative … in California than anywhere else in the nation? Apparently not, for as amazing as it may seem, the White House …