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The Fire of Rome, 18 July 64 AD, Oil on Canvas, Robert Hubert, 1785. In the Musee des Beaux-Arts Andre Malraux; Le Havre, France.

The Great Fire of Rome

… fire have long been questioned and debated, the academic community generally blames poor circumstances for Rome’s … from his imagination.  Tacitus, ever the skeptic in comparison, posited a different conclusion. In the absence of evidence to …
Glacial melt from Myrdalsjökull glacier in the south (jökull means glacier in Icelandic). Note the alluvial cones formed by volcanic ash and sediment.

A Postcard from Reykjavik: Iceland’s Volcanic History

… been interwoven with human history. Although the data are incomplete, over 170 volcanic eruptions have been recorded in Iceland since the 10 th century. Roughly 50 have … doubled between 2000 and 2010, when half a million people visited the island. At this rate, Iceland’s Tourism Board …
Cover of The Last Empire: The Final Days of the Soviet Union by Serhii Plokhy

"The Greatest Geopolitical Catastrophe of the Century"

Review of The Last Empire: The Final Days of the Soviet Union, by Serhii Plokhy (New York: Basic Books, 2014)
… to declare independence ensured that the Soviet Union had become an irrelevancy and its dissolution had become an … of Moscow between the military and Boris Yeltsin, a discredited party apparatchik who turned to electoral politics … that the Army would follow if he would declare himself commander-in-chief of the armed forces. This sort of logic …
Pearl Harbor Attack

War Can Threaten Civil Liberties at Home

… the war in 1917, the German language was prohibited in some communities, and Americans even resorted to the absurd … acceptable, Gen. John DeWitt, head of the Western Defense Command, observed: “A Jap’s a Jap. It makes no difference … in seven western states. Quarters were primitive and uncomfortable. The whole experience was humiliating and left …
U.S. soldiers in Iraq in 2007.

Nation-Building Demands Heavy Lifting

… years after World War II, not a single U.S. soldier died in combat either in Germany or in Japan — in sharp contrast to the nearly 600 U.S. combat deaths in Iraq since the end of “major combat operations” on May 1, 2003. The more recent …
Tiger

Caged: Humans and Animals at the Zoo

… Zoos are some of the world’s most visited attractions. Yet they often make headlines for … Jessica Blissit   Welcome to History Talk the podcast that brings together a … to arcs so quickly? Has the zoo industry ever had the opposite effect?   Dr. Daniel Vandersomers   Well, it's a good …
A group of boys at Chirec International School in India playing Cricket, 2015.

Cricket without Boundaries: The Story of a Global Game

… time that the United States hosted an international cricket competition. In fact, the first international cricket game … definitive mention of cricket dates back to 1597, when records refer to boys playing a game of  creckett , although … records, and in 1744, members of the London Cricket Club composed the first known written rules of the game.  …
Comic from the Brooklyn Daily Eagle Sun.

“A New and Deadly Menace” (Prologued, Season 2, Episode 2)

… drugs, we find that stories of drug wars are actually quite commonplace. Ultimately, these drug wars, waged across … there's actually a specific Spanish conquistador who takes credit for an 1830s, a guy by the name of Pedro Quadrado. … Mendoza The United States seeks to establish itself as the commander-in-chief of the global drug control effort. …
soldiers in Vietnam

Memories of Vietnam in Memoriam

Review of Nothing Ever Dies: Vietnam and the Memory of War, by Viet Thanh Nguyen Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2016.
… who view the dead and choose to remember them. This is a complex work.  Equal parts philosophical treatise, … the dead.  At the same time, the memories of others become simplified and dehumanized, only victim or enemy.  The … to his core principle of an ethical “just memory”. Nguyen sites first person shooter style videogames as allowing …
illustration of woman getting cow pox variolation

Top Ten Origins: Vaccination

… opposition to vaccines and by the concerns raised by now-discredited studies that linked vaccines and autism. And as … child as a man stands outside with a cow (from the Wellcome Trust). The term vaccination comes from variolae … in 1880, an invention for which Pasteur later claimed credit. Neither vaccine, however, was used on humans. This …
An MP looking north from South Korea in the Demilitarized Zone, 2008.

The War That Never Ended: The Legacy of the Korean War

… forces, however, the South Korean military repelled the Communist attack and eventually pushed them north of the … all its successes, still sees itself under threat from a communist menace.  The Legacy of the War on North Korea  … and other civilians on state-funded trips to this site. Complete with wax figurines of long-nosed, beast-like …
In the 2020 presidential election (held using 2010 census data) Joe Biden received 306 (●) and Donald Trump 232 (●) of the total 538 electoral votes. In Maine (upper-right) and Nebraska (center), the small circled numbers indicate congressional districts. These are the only two states to use a district method for some of their allocated electors, instead of a complete winner-takes-all.

Arguing the Electoral College: Pro

… passed Congress but failed to be ratified by the requisite three-fourths of the states. Why is that? The American … whose members can deliberately and calmly assess the outcome of an election and judge its impact upon the public …

Breaking Up Is Hard to Do: America's Love Affair with the Two-Party System

… The left side of the American political-entertainment complex has passed the time since the 2012 election watching … further into foreign policy, as Federalists believed in the commercial necessity of a stable, peaceful relationship with … and new economic issues – particularly those related to credit, debt, commodity prices, and deflation – began to cut …
An abandoned building in Chernobyl

A Postcard from Chernobyl

… cloud was detected over Sweden did the full extent become known to the authorities in the Soviet Union’s capital … we—an international, multi-disciplinary group of scholars—visited in June 2016, we posed for a sombre photograph in … environmental organizations for the higher. Credits Our visit to the Chernobyl exclusion zone was funded …
marriage of Marguerite of Anjou and Henry VI in 1445

Power Behind the Throne: The Women of the War of the Roses

Review of Blood Sisters: The Women Behind the Wars of the Roses, by Sarah Gristwood (New York: Basic Books, 2013)
… behind-the-scenes may have been as important to the outcome of events as the men’s on the battlefield. In Blood … is the temptation to make claims that, unless more sources come to light, historians cannot prove. For example, in … is something worrying in Anne’s notable absence from the records—notable even by the standards of a fifteenth-century …
A Uyghur hunter in Kashgar, 2005.

Xinjiang: From Autonomy to Dystopia

… more recently, of settler colonialism. It is also based on competing visions of history and of who belongs to the land. … ( Uyghur diyari ) if they were allowed to do so. Western commentators often suggest that Uyghurs are closer to … Uyghur language is quite close to Uzbek and has nothing in common with Mandarin. The Chinese state claims that …
Photo of Tiananmen Square from 2007.

Bombings, Blood Debts, and Mutual Suspicion

… a lengthy analysis in July 1989 explaining how the “anti-communist forces” of the capitalist world, led by the U.S. … prophetic. One after another, most of the world’s Communist governments collapsed, in an eerie reversal of the … of leaders in the self-styled “Free World” to claim credit for the “victory” of course lent credence to the …
Nancy Reagan speaking at a "Just Say No" Rally.

The “Modern” War on Drugs (Prologued, Season 2, Episode 1)

… we could, you know, leave the house and not really have to come back until it was time for dinner. We could ride our … drug policy, which only lasted for about 18 months. But credit where it's due. He's the only president to send equal … for Harry Anslinger was that the truth was exactly the opposite: it was Chiang Kai-Shek’s allies who were trafficking …
Cover of Vodka Politics by Mark Lawrence Schrad

Bottoms Up, or Race to the Bottom?

Review of Vodka Politics: Alcohol, Autocracy, and the Secret History of the Russian State, by Mark Lawrence Schrad (New York: Oxford UP, 2014)
… was his only advice, citing a famous and beloved Russian comedy about excessive drinking, Eldar Ryazanov’s 1975 film … The Irony of Fate . Mark Schrad’s book puts that all-too-common Russian experience in a long historical context. And … Politics , you begin to wonder how the Russians have ever accomplished anything at all, given the drunken stupor in …
Through the Eye of a Needle: Wealth, the Fall of Rome, and the Making of Christianity in the West, 350-550 AD, by Brown, Peter Book Cover.

What to Do About the Money?

Review of Through the Eye of a Needle: Wealth, the Fall of Rome, and the Making of Christianity in the West, 350-550 AD, by Brown, Peter (Princeton University Press, 2012)
… Augustine, Brown emphasizes the importance of patronage and community in the famous bishop's career and suggests that … of wealth as the first step towards an ideal, heavenly community (180). Paulinus was the first Roman senator to …
The Second Bank of the United States.

Enron’s Collapse Follows a Familiar Pattern

… Within fifteen years, Enron executives transformed their company from a middling firm into the seventh-largest … regulatory vacuum. Then they covered their tracks with complicated transactions that lined insiders’ pockets. In … by establishing hundreds of dummy corporations.  Enron took credit for the dummies’ profits, but not their losses. …