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… kingdom were convinced that the United States had become a base for terrorists. No one then actually used the term “terrorism” for unauthorized … officials prosecute filibusters and seize their ships. One general confiscated a filibuster ship in San Francisco …

… Underlying the 2022 war in Ukraine is another conflict, this one over the past. In 2021, Russian President Vladimir Putin … is popular when it is turned into shows such as “Game of Thrones” and “Vikings,” but that of eastern Europe rarely … not acknowledge. Rusian pilgrims travelled to Santiago de Compostela in northern Iberia, as we see from the …

… (ecclesiastical censure) in England and to his own excommunication, the troubling loss of his French possessions, … plunged further into civil war. Yet today it is considered one of the most important documents in Anglo-American legal … the 1215 version of the Magna Carta survive, including this one in the British Library (Cotton MS Augustus ii.106) …

… same whiff of hysteria about prospects for the future that one finds in current administration pronouncements about the … the test of the first Soviet atomic weapon in 1949. The combination of the Soviet Union’s atomic weapons and its … bringing about regime change in Panama thirteen years ago. One major problem, however, is the vast difference between …

… world lacked the internet and, for that matter, cell phones and cameras, yet its inhabitants appreciated the value … spy. Since then, as this list shows, espionage became more complex and increasingly valuable. The times change, but … of British Intelligence, real and fictional, including one Agent 007. He acted in the capacity of Her Majesty’s …

… hands in public, embracing at an airport, or from being comfortable in workplaces where heterosexual family photos … version of gay-baiting. The image depicted two smiling men, one bent over receiving a trunnel, or wooden spike, the … Force, “Studies and surveys consistently show that between one-third and one-half of all LGBT respondents have suffered …

… the U.S. and Russia have never engaged in a hot war with one another, American pundits and politicians almost always … many friendly moments as well. These constructive episodes complicate a history that is often painted as invariably … Russia supported the “maintenance of the American Union as one ‘indivisible nation.’” In 1863, the Tsarist state …

… in the fight and where to use federal government powers. A common myth about wartime is that everyone bands together in a common cause. Yet in the past, U.S. … war profiteers. Popular support for a war has been just one facet of domestic debate. Two themes in particular from …

… have affected all types of environmental protections, one of the most significant reversed the 2015 Waters of the … Betsy Ann and Tom Green. From an ecological perspective—the one taken by most scientists and environmental activists—the … more and more reliant on toxic substances, the shortcomings of this approach became increasingly apparent. The …

… especially in times of political crisis like this one. But efforts to abolish the Electoral College have … whose members can deliberately and calmly assess the outcome of an election and judge its impact upon the public … made up its mind. Were elections decided by popular vote alone, candidates would be  inclined to concentrate their …

… as in the past, the soundbites typically stressed just one sort of continuity with the days of Tiananmen: Beijing’s … a way to use history when trying to make sense of China’s complicated present. Another kind of continuity between 1989 … with workers as it did with intellectuals, which is one reason so many people who were not students joined …

… impact outside Europe than in it, he nevertheless makes a compelling case for viewing these wars as events of truly … to help Napoleon against their erstwhile ally Britain. One of the key themes that emerges from Mikaberidze’s work … familiar to Louis XIV. In fact, Mikaberidze argues that one of the defining features of this era was the …

… Laws and the Nazi blood laws viewed America as only one of many countries with racist legislation, and that … law” (p. 5). This argument revolutionizes the discussion of comparative racism and our understanding of the influence of … shows, is through the Nazis’ viewpoint on the American “One-Drop Rule” which states that if anyone had one drop of …

… licenses to gay couples represents an example of the often complex relationship between government officials and … servants and politicians. FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover was one of the primary drivers of the Bureau’s crusade against … about gays in government emerged during World War II. One of these case studies centers on Undersecretary of State …

… of church and state served more than political ends. One of the main reasons Americans after the Revolution … and state corrupted both institutions. The state risked becoming subject to religious controversies that would … the decisions of the majority. The result, according to one minister in 1828, was to enslave the church to a "civil …

… by the idea that the present seems pretty terrible in comparison with the past, even if that past is mythic or not … of nonpartisan harmony was already an exceedingly distant one when he stepped down from the presidency,” and by his last year (1799), “not a happy one,” Rasumussen writes, “it had been exposed as a mirage." …

… a famous politician dies, obituary writers and other commentators immediately start comparing the departed figure … world, the country needed the kind of stability that only one-party rule could ensure. His Leninism and nationalism … (always a kind of Leninist, though not a Marxist, and someone who could be as harsh as Deng when faced with political …

… protests in Hong Kong that have directly challenged Chinese Communist Party (CCP) policies and yet have not been … and other civil liberties if enacted) and the North Korean one are very different sorts of affairs. Yet taken together … defuse the former crisis and take advantage of the latter one illuminate the strengths and limitations of a rhetorical …

… year, Russia’s legacy as an imperial power has suddenly become the stuff of current affairs. As Russian leaders assert … Willard Sunderland’s book, The Baron’s Cloak . Centered on one man, the Russian-German noble, Baron Roman Fedorovich … epoch to life and provides a highly readable primer for anyone seeking to understand the Russian Empire and the …

… a man running for his life, I immediately knew the answer. "COME IN!" someone was yelling. I need not have been told; the gunshots must have gone off 60 feet away from me. Without thinking, I had …

… in the moment. Some, however, really do represent something completely new in American political history, and not always … split by party, with John Adams as president and his opponent, Thomas Jefferson, serving awkwardly as his … for President/Vice-President, it was necessary for at least one Republican elector to vote for Jefferson but not for …

… employed them in operations to deliver weapons to various combatants in Africa. By his own admission, he had flown … Charles Taylor with weapons to help destabilize Sierra Leone. Previously Bout had supplied arms to both sides in the … community to control and restrict the arms trade. In one regard, Bout’s activities mark a significant change in …

… Herbert Hoover on Inauguration Day in 1933. Not everyone thought Roosevelt was up to the task. Political commentator Walter Lippmann called him “a kind of amiable … Cuyahoga Valley National Park. In this time of crisis, no one understood the new theories of economist John Maynard …