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The film Poster for Captain Phillips (2013)

Contested Waters: Captain Phillips and the Hijacking of the Maersk Alabama

… In 2009, according to the International Maritime Commission, the waters off the northeastern coast of Somalia … the 2011 memoir by Richard Phillips, tells the story of one of the most sensational events of 2009—the hijacking of … bunker in Eyl, a shanty-town on the Indian Ocean. Summoned by businessmen who arrive in SUVs to demand that he get …
A solemn crowd gathers outside the Stock Exchange after the crash. 1929.

This Year’s Equation: 1920 + 1932 = 2008

… that the election that takes place next Tuesday will be one of the most important in American history. Such … To make the case that an election is momentous, you need to compare it with previous critical ones. The most important elections are those in which …
a man standing on a large bomb

Fifty Years Later, We Still Need to Learn to Love the Bomb

… Film Institute ranks the film as the third best American comedy ever made and the 39th best film overall. It would be … to the film’s wit. Make no mistake, the movie is funny. One famous scene, widely quoted, starts with an argument … to teach us about challenging the assumptions of unquestioned and undefined war against an implacable foe. The movie …
the monument of the Soviet army in Sofia, completed in 1954

11/4/2014: Empty Fountains: Communist-Era Monuments Revisited

… What is the afterlife of an old communist statue? Just what to do with all the Soviet-era … when citizens gathered in public squares to demand reforms, one of the main targets of popular wrath was the Communist … Soviet army .” Because the site served as a focal point of official celebrations of Bulgarian-Soviet comradeship until …
Lt. Cmdr. Raben Talvo (left), and Hospital Corpsman 1st Class Angela Ramirez (right) administer the San Diego Naval Medical Center's first monoclonal antibody (mAb) treatment to a COVID-19-positive patient, January 26, 2021.

The Rhyme of History: What the Black Death tells us about COVID-19’s Aftermath

… to Mark Twain, “it often rhymes.” Indeed, few historical comparisons make more compelling verse than the COVID-19 … This was caused in no small part by the deaths of many officials at all levels of government. Undoubtedly the Black … Agricultural production halted as villages were abandoned and acres of crops went unharvested. Historians even …
"Freedom From Want" - NARA poster 1943

The Spirit of 1947: This Thanksgiving Feed a Silent Guest and Build World Peace

… build peace in the new year.   Can ordinary people, not someone in Washington, be in charge of American diplomacy abroad? It may sound impossible. But it has been done before.   In 1947, before the U.S. government launched … a peaceful Europe. At the time, many worried that Communism might gain power in Europe. Could a third world …
A tractor purchased through the Marshall Plan for France.

Grand Fenwick, Afghanistan and Iraq

… Not any funny movie, but “The Mouse That Roared.” That 1959 comedy was based on the premise that by the late 1950s both … seek now. The best American policy for Afghanistan, and one that might make an attack on Iraq more successful, would be one in which Afghans clearly benefit from American …
dollar bill with image of capitol building in front of it

Deeper Than the “Deep State”: Follow the Money

… that government has been operating as a “deep state” gone “ rogue ,” in the words of recent legislation seeking to … a year into Trump’s second term, his own supporters have become suspicious that even his Justice Department has joined … using modern technology to monitor the public and elected officials. This was managed by what  David Wise and Thomas …

Clampdown and Blowback: How State Repression Has Radicalized Islamist Groups in Egypt

… 2013. The video quickly went viral on news and social media sites and was watched not only by fellow Morsi supporters … that the man’s predictions for the future of Egypt may be coming true. Since the coup that ousted Morsi, the Egyptian … the Muslim Brotherhood ( Jamā`at al-Ikhwān al-Muslimīn ), one of the most important Islamic revivalist organizations …
Nsala of Wala in the Nsongo District

1885: A European Colonial Dream and an African Nightmare

… Conference on West Africa was signed.  The conference has become known for “carving up  the African continent ” for the … and Niger rivers.  Rather than a defining moment or a milestone, the Berlin Conference was emblematic of an era. Its … and religious thinking.  Although initially the IAC and CFS officials relied on alliances with African rulers, as the …
Labor Secretary Elaine Chao in 2005.

Written With the Blood of Miners

… the U.S. Congress and with the president’s signature will become law. While a new law represents a positive step for … incident (362 dead miners). Federal regulators and mine officials like to point to the broad trend toward improved … devices, four of twelve failed to work properly. The ones that worked delivered only an hour’s worth of oxygen. …
Karzai with former US President George W. Bush and wife Laura Bush at Camp David in 2007.

Keep Karzai in the Loop

… conflicts in Vietnam and Afghanistan are very different, one aspect of the Paris Peace Talks at the end of the … offered from the North and would keep South Vietnamese officials updated on major developments.   While promising … shown the agreement, he felt presented with a fait accompli and refused to consent.   Believing that he had been …
Celebrations for Jamaican Independence, 2012.

Jamaican Independence

… but tallawah island (“small but mighty” in Jamaican ) was one triumph in the long history of Black sovereignty and … Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) and African Communities League in Kingston in 1914. Though Garvey was … founded the Bustamante Industrial Trade Union and one of Jamaica’s two political parties, the Jamaica Labour …
El 5 de julio por S. Davies, Flickr, CC BY-NC-ND 2.0

What’s Really At Stake in the Venezuelan Election

… will be no grounds for the United States to reject its outcome. Both U.S. presidential candidates have made … feed this sort of anachronistic anti-communism with one-sided coverage. Yet the more relevant historical analogy … live in poverty. Like Peron’s “descamisados” (shirtless ones), Chavez’s supporters are mostly poor and landless, the …

Frenemies: Iran and America since 1900

… short of unleashing the Iranian air force against his opponents. Yet, some Americans nevertheless expected that … relations between the United States and Iran have been complicated and edgy as long as anyone can remember. … and refineries from Britain as soon as possible. American officials, who had urged the British to accept a last-minute …
Last Supper By Simon Ushakov, 1685

Reverence and Relics: The Holy Dead in the Pre-Modern Christian World

Review of Why Can the Dead Do Such Great Things? Saints and Worshippers from the Martyrs to the Reformation, by Robert Bartlett (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2013)
… the cult. The book is divided into two parts. In “Part One: Developments,” Bartlett provides the context necessary … were an obvious denominational marker. “Part Two: Dynamics” comprises the bulk of the book. In chapters five through … hagiography to discuss sermons about the saints as well as official documents surrounding a saint’s canonization. …
Zombie scene from the 1968 film, Night of the Living Dead.

Top Ten Origins: Zombies: The Undead Shuffle

… on brains. Undead and not quite living, where do zombies come from and why are they here? The story of our … placed on corporal punishment. The zombie developed as one way to represent the anxieties and fears of Haitians … was always a threat—and the fear of zombification was one route through which colonial rulers controlled African …
Whig cartoon showing the effects of unemployment on a family that has portraits of Democratic Presidents Andrew Jackson and Martin Van Buren on the wall.

The Bank Crisis Blame Game, Then and Now

… our mess won’t solve our own. The causes of any panic are complex. Who we choose to blame determines the solutions we … panics of 1837 and 2008 share an element of surprise. No one believed in business cycles in 1837. Today, our faith in … unites these events.   Today’s panic is much like the one in 1837. Van Buren’s predecessor, Andrew Jackson, had …
Cartoonist Clifford Berryman depicts Uncle Sam after a hard-won U.S. victory in Santiago Bay, Cuba during the Spanish-American War.

What Happened When We Stayed the Course in Cuba

… remain determined, said Bush; if we waiver, Iraq will become another Vietnam. No one should be surprised that Bush or anyone else invokes the sad example of the nation's exit from …
Most U.S. casualties, like these in a C-17 military transport aircraft, return to Dover Air Force Base in Dover, Delaware. (unknown date)

For Mom, Blueberry Pie — and Iraq?

… on “the near absence among the men I worked with… of any comprehension of what Nazism meant.” Commentator Dwight … accompanied by the minimum of human meaning.” An official survey of Army Air Corpsmen in 1944 confirmed these … about creature comforts, secure routines, even affluence.” One marine, answering Hersey’s inquiry as to why he was …
Illustration of global public health by Giovanni Maki, 2004.

The WHO and International Public Health

… hold health conventions.” The PAHO still exists today as one of six regional working groups within the WHO. In … epidemiological data on infectious diseases, and offer recommendations on sanitation. The OIPH would later become a … from its ashes rose a new entity:  The United Nations .  One of the promises underpinning the UN was greater …
 Monte Albán

A Postcard From Oaxaca, Mexico

… mountain views, Oaxaca City also offers vistas of Mexico's complex history. In 1521, Hernán Cortés sent Captain José … Domingo de Guzmán. Some two hundred years later, the last stone was laid on this stunning example of architectural … its indigenous people on local culture. Along with Spanish, one can still hear Mixtec and Zapotec dialects spoken on its …