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Obama wore Isabel Toledo clothes made of St. Gallen Embroidery to the 2009 presidential inauguration.

Is Michelle Obama the Ultimate Insider?

Whenever the initial glow of a presidency begins to fade, there’s a … Wilson’s second wife, the jewelry heiress Edith Galt, who was believed to have run the executive branch … as it did so often under Wilson, FDR and Reagan. But when the role of the first lady is understood and taken into …
A sculpture of Jesus's crucifixion from the eighteenth century.

History Through a Faith-Based Lens

When I was in graduate school, my dissertation adviser returned an early draft of my thesis — a treatment of how Quaker theology influenced the … in his film. Why can’t the critics take him at his word when Gibson insists that his intention in bringing “Passion” …
the word History in script

Why Study History?

… or, even better, "That's ancient history," suggests that the past is irrelevant. Sure, history happened. But so what? … states still prohibited black-white marriage in 1967, when the Supreme Court's evocatively entitled Loving v. … were wrong, it does not follow that the same arguments, when applied to gay marriage, are wrong. I am personally and …
Queen Elizabeth I in Parliament

The Pandora’s Box of Religious Pluralism in the English Reformation

Review of Heretics and Believers: A Short History of the English Reformation, by Peter Marshall New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2017
…   … like the innkeeper in later Elizabethan Norfolk who scolded … and scholastics alike, the first thoughts that come to mind when discussing the Reformation is almost never either that … years of Elizabeth I’s reign, the population of England was not only forced to coexist amidst their religious …
1943 poster for the Allies of World War II--two years before the founding of the United Nations.

The UN Follows the League’s Long Trail to Impotence

… For the last 60 years, the United Nations has been one continual … as a means to resolve international disputes. The UN was created in 1945 because the League had been unable to … In 1935, the League did nothing to protect Ethiopia when it was invaded by Italy, nor has the UN taken any …
U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt (left) and nature preservationist John Muir, founder of the Sierra Club, on Glacier Point in Yosemite National Park. In the background: Upper and lower Yosemite Falls.

Why Today’s Politicians Love Teddy Roosevelt

The country is experiencing a Teddy Roosevelt moment.   The … Democratic politicians also like the fact that he was a Republican. By reminding Americans that Roosevelt … but the other catchphrases are still as apt today as when they first appeared. He peppered his writings and …
Official Portrait of President Ronald Reagan and Nancy Reagan

“The Reagans”: The Spirit of Censorship Lives

… Relatively few Americans will see the CBS Television mini-series, “The Reagans,” when it’s released in the months ahead. A barrage of … convinced CBS executives that the controversial series was more appropriate for a small, paying Showtime audience …
A woman on the outskirts of Kyiv carrying a bucket of apricots

Eating at You: Food and Chernobyl

… It's not accidental that Ukraine is called the “bread basket” of Eastern Europe . Walking the streets … came to a skidding halt 30 years ago in the spring of 1986 when Ukrainians learned about the April 26 explosions at the … and then to have to start to consider it dangerous—that was wholly alienating. It triggered a complex of seeing …
Vegetables from ecological farming.

Bringing Democrats and Republicans Together over Food

… What is on America's wish list for the New Year?  Well, having Democrats and Republicans …  As former senators, they continued this bipartisan spirit when they proposed to President Bill Clinton an … school meals program in 2000.  The McGovern-Dole initiative was passed, and Congress appropriated $300 million to …
Bruce Lee

The Original Street Fighting Man

Review of Striking Distance: Bruce Lee and the Dawn of Martial Arts in America, by Charles Russo Lincoln, NE, University of Nebraska Press, 2016)
… Charles Russo’s Striking Distance distinguishes itself from the many existing biographies of Bruce Lee by focusing not … goes into greater detail about the history of kung fu as it was taught in America, especially in San Francisco’s … Bruce Lee ran into conflict with some of these masters when, in a series of public demonstrations, he criticized …
George Washington Bridge Flag Retirement Ceremony

Who’s Desecrating the Flag, Anyhow?

… Now that the Senate has failed once again to muster a two-thirds vote … in the first place? It used to be that burning the flag was the approved way to dispose of a worn-out flag, and that … but not athletic teams. The rules detailed how and when and where to display the flag, how and when to salute …
 Cover of The Gold Standard at the Turn of the Twentieth Century Rising Powers, Global Money, and the Age of Empire by Steven Bryan.

All that Glitters Is Not Laissez-Faire

Review of The Gold Standard at the Turn of the Twentieth Century: Rising Powers, Global Money, and the Age of Empire, by Steven Bryan (New York: Columbia University Press, 2010)
… Sometimes the coincidences of history are uncanny.  On Sunday, … "free market" origins. Of course in the fall of 2008 it was the world's governments , the supposedly "shrinking … global military and economic competition.  Until 1873, when a newly united Germany adopted the gold standard, most …
Group of women protesting against the ERA with signs: "Stop the web of deception," "ERA means Amy register for the draft at 18," "Maternity ward - persons only"

Mom and Apple Pie (Prologued, Season 1, Episode 6)

… During the 1970s, a counter-movement arose that challenged the … becoming the newest tenant of the US Constitution. But it was during the early 1970s that a counter movement … who supported his wife's political activities. In 1952, when Fred Schlafly declined to the Republican party's …
The new Terrorism Confinement Center in El Salvador, which opened in February 2023, was built to detain thousands suspected gang members.

Marching Back to the Past: Militarism in El Salvador

… In early December 2022, the Salvadoran government approved its ninth extension of … century in El Salvador as the pinnacle of militarization, when the military focused more on controlling its citizens … of Memory , virtually every male over the age of twelve was killed. After two weeks, the military had …
Zbigniew Brzezinski at Camp David in 1978.

Meddlers Hamstring Iraq Policy

… Until recently, the Bush cabinet has been in disarray in its policy toward Iraq. Adding to the confusion was antiwar advice given by self-appointed experts from past … war is necessary, State pushes for multilateral diplomacy. When retired officials elbow their way into such a conflict, …
lab tech with vaccine

Vaccines and Responsible Parenthood

Review of Vaccine Nation: America’s Changing Relationship with Immunization, by Elena Conis (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2014)
…   Elena Conis’ Vaccine Nation examines the changing perceptions of vaccines in the United States . … security : improving the health of American children was critical at a time when a fifth of applicants to the U.S. military were being …
Seal of the United States National Archives and Records Administration. The seal is described in 36 C.F.R. § 1200.2 as: The seal is centered on a disc with a double-line border. The words NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION encircle the inside of the seal and the date 1985 is at the bottom center.

Downgrading the Founders

… Do you recall the battle not long ago over the proposed national standards for American history? When it was charged, incorrectly as it turns out, that the standards …
We Are Our Mountains (Tatik u Papik) Monument, Stepanakert.

A Postcard from Nagorno-Karabakh

… During the Soviet era, the Nagorno-Karabakh region was part of the Azerbaijan republic but had a majority … Bolshevik revolutionary Stepan Shahumyan, an ally of Lenin. Stepan Shahumyan, the Armenian Bolshevik … princes became engulfed in infighting.  The fatal blow came when one Armenian prince invited Panah-Ali Khan Javanshir of …
Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. at the Civil Rights March on Washington in 1963.

Spring Marches on Washington

… future generations will look to this spring's Marches on Washington for clues to understanding us. In the first, on April 16, labor unions and … to Washington, D.C. He and some followers were arrested when they presented their petition for relief at the
Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. at a press conference in Holland in 1964.

Asking Martin Luther King…

When I’m out on the lecture circuit talking about Martin Luther King, one of … who led us into it now admit what a terrible blunder it was. They admit that King’s protest against the war was … in Christianity.” That is what we have to learn to do when we ask the question: “What would Dr. King say about…?” …
Cambodia's Prime Minister Hun Sen in 2012.

War Crimes: The “New Era” Looks Like the Old

… Now that the trial of former Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosevic … of the trial, prosecutor Carla del Ponte insisted that his was not a political trial. Milosevic countered with a … more a claim than reality. The alleged new era began when courts in The Hague, Spain, Belgium and the United …