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… to achieve stability in the Middle East in the face of complex, multi-faceted challenges. With atrocities now … as its main base after being expelled from Jordan. Welcomed by Lebanon’s Muslims, the Maronites objected to their … Beirut as a reporter for The New York Times, reported that some civilians were actually beginning to replace their …

… sphere of influence. In this context Flavius Dionysius, commander of Rome's eastern military forces and a native of … outfoxed the Romans; Flavius was sent to accept this fait accompli . In the next two chapters, Traina continues to … dirty water. But it also had splendid churches, with some of the finest mosaics that have survived from the late …

… Swat, Pakistan, where he was pursuing a graduate degree in computer engineering. He left seven months ago because he … of other refugees who remain trapped in Serbia. Hungary completed its first razor-wire border fence in September … have created makeshift campsites that vary in composition. Some include wood-burning stoves, tents and rugs, but many …

… Hills, in Asia Minor, believed that their god Attis, who committed suicide when frustrated in love, returned to life … spring. Perhaps those civilizations, which could have had some contact through the ages, took their belief in … of life from death, symbols of fertility and hope, the welcoming of a re-awakened earth have spanned culture and time …

… the debate over what historians have called the failed, incomplete, and even the forgotten revolution has been revived … was “remarkably bloodless,” at least initially, as compared to other revolutionary regime changes that occurred … and the Spartacist Uprising in January 1919, riots produced some of the bloodiest and most somber days of the German …

… French scholar Jean Bauberot. Bauberot sees three essential components to a secular society: 1) the separation of … tumult of French politics in the 19th century, the French commitment to what they call laïcité remained. By the Third … the world, researchers found that over 70 of them declare some variation of the secularist ideal. After these …

… by the specter of our nuclear past. And given Japan's complicated past with nuclear issues, it is especially … Incident of 1954 left the Japanese in the 1950s with what some observers have called a "nuclear allergy." … for energy to power Japan's rapid economic growth and the complexities of post-World War II international relations …

… claim being made lately about the ever-advancing Computer Age. After all, cyber-data is easier to store, … Europe, the printing press affected book production in ways comparable to how today’s computer is transforming … illiteracy also kept demand low. As a result, today some early printed books are as hard to find as the …

… to individual states, and for decades many had found this a comforting justification for their tolerance of an … all of Lincoln’s success as lawyer, politician, orator, and commander-in-chief, perhaps what should be most celebrated … the slaves I would do it; and if I could save it by freeing some and leaving others alone I would also do that.” Perhaps …

… in southeast Asia, fully hopeful of joining the world community of free and independent nations. Burma is little … as she was on her way to rally her followers. They killed some of her supporters and imprisoned her and other … in southeast Asia, Burma’s $1,200 per capita annual income is now a fifth of that of neighboring Thailand, below …

… Taskforce on February 1, 2016. That achievement has since become a benchmark in American culture. The expression “if we … Moon since 1972, the American space program has achieved extraordinary successes, including landing uncrewed … before making the 36 million mile trip to the red planet. Some even think that the Moon might in and of itself be a …

… 58-year-long war between Israel and its Arab neighbors that commenced in 1948 when the state of Israel was proclaimed. … Africa, Spain, France, Palestine, the Balkans, Asia Minor. Sometimes one antagonist flourished, sometimes the other. … R. Carlin is a professor of sociology and philosophy at the Community College of Rhode Island and author of "Can a …

… atomic bombing of two Japanese cities. Most reporters and commentators who write about Hiroshima and Nagasaki … A few months later, one of the most popular radio commentators during the war years, Raymond Swing, declared … the testimony of various Japanese leaders indicates that some other excuses would have been found at an early date …

… and sent to Vologda. It was there he decided to become a writer, sending his first short story to Maxim Gorky. … ifs” of history. At the outset, he argues “if any of the extraordinary plots he [Savinkov] hatched against the … acquaintances seemed to believe he could lead change. Somerset Maugham called him the most extraordinary man he …

… him, believes that his only responsibility to the team comes on game day. Other anti-heroes, such as Michael … of his human frailties and still managed to accomplish extraordinary things. Born on June 19, 1903, in a tenement … At 6 feet and 200 pounds, Gehrig was a strikingly handsome young man with a rock-solid physique that enabled him …

… the Los Angeles rebellion, as the event has been called by some, exposed the persistent problems of racism, poverty, … evidence of the LAPD’s excessive use of force and confirmed complaints of police brutality made by black and Latino … African American mayor in 1973, formed the Independent Commission on the Los Angeles Police Department on April 1, …

… you do not discuss religion, sex, or politics in polite company. Sex to one side, in America’s Religious Wars, … lives, such as equality, freedom, limited government, community, dignity, and the distribution of resources. … and "foundations" lay at the root of the hostilities—and sometimes opens violence—directed by American Protestants …

… in style, tone, and story, the two films are instructively complementary in reminding us of an uncomfortable truth about our nation’s past: that underpinning … to the rise of the cotton kingdom. Between 1800 and 1860 some one million slaves were forcibly moved from the Upper …