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The Olympic flag flies at half-staff during a memorial service to the slain Israeli athletes, September 6, 1972.

The Munich Olympic Massacre

… The 1972 Munich Olympics were billed as Die Heiteren Spiele —the “Happy Games.” West Germans hoped … met to plan Operation “Ikrit and Biram” under mission commander “Issa,” Arabic for Jesus. Ikrit and Biram were two … nine hostages arrived at the airport. Issa and second-in-command “Tony” hurried to inspect the Boeing but encountered …
Cover of "Our Hemisphere"? The United States in Latin America, from 1776 to the Twenty-First Century by Britta H. Crandall and Russell C. Crandall.

Episodes of Ambivalent Empire

Review of “Our Hemisphere”? The United States in Latin America, from 1776 to the Twenty-First Century by : Britta H. Crandall and Russell C. Crandall (New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2021)
… century, officials sometimes demonstrated a broad commitment to republican and democratic principles. For … and Secretaries of State but also newspapermen and common citizens effused sympathy for the revolutionaries’ … policymakers’ professions of freedom and democracy were expedients to cover instances in which they desired — or …
U.S. National Archives building

New Laws Needed to Stop Bullying of National Archives

… often waited for controversies surrounding a President to die down before opening contentious documents. A federal … honorably may struggle with his past. Governance is complex and politics messy. Laws demand disclosure of what … processing staff, is a writer for the History News Service. …
Martin Luther King Jr. Day March at Southern Arkansas University.

Martin Luther King Jr. Day: A Holiday the Nation Resisted

… the holiday or diminished it by linking it to Confederate commemorations.  Federal recognition had finally arrived, … emerged—unpaid holidays, ceremonial proclamations, or commemorations folded into existing calendars. These efforts … continuing to resist the substance of what he demanded. Service, Sanitization, and Backlash In 1994, Congress …
French troops under Charles VIII entering Florence, 1494.

The Blood Behind the Beauty

Review of The Beauty and the Terror: The Italian Renaissance and the Rise of the West, by Catherine Fletcher (New York City: Oxford University Press, 2020)
… Brutal violence is not typically the first thing that comes to mind when observing the artwork of the … Renaissance’s greatest masters. For many, this art has become synonymous with the beginning of a new era and the … uncommon for military men (whether they be common foot soldiers or officers) to record their own impressions and …
1911 portrait of King George V, ruler of the British Empire.

The Risks of Unilateralism

… of unilateralist action is to invite lesser powers to combine to neutralize it.   Therefore, the United States … and unprepared for others' attacks on them; then would come a call for reinforcements. Customarily victory would … in British history. He is a writer for the History News Service. …
The Battle of Culloden by David Morier

Top Ten Origins: Scotland and the United Kingdom

… it remains a part of the United Kingdom or separates to become an independent state.  As the prospect of an … ten historical moments help us understand the long and complicated relationship among Scotland, England, and the … One Head     In 1603, Elizabeth I of England and Ireland died. Her successor, James Stuart VI, King of Scotland, …
The famously burly W.G. Grace was one of Britain's most famous cricket players who stood out from the crowd with both his imposing career and his imposing facial hair.

A Long History of Close Shaves

Review of Of Beards and Men: The Revealing History of Facial Hair, by Christopher Oldstone-Moore (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2016)
… ancient Mesopotamian history. The bearded warrior kings and completely shaven priestly classes established a clear … Ages evolved into the Renaissance , the history of beards becomes far more tangled.  Influential figures like Henry VIII … XIV.  From here on the place of facial hair in society becomes more difficult to locate, as it was employed by both …
The White House lit in green light for St. Patrick's Day.

9/11 and 3/17: Closer Than You Think

… that the parade as we know it took form. Its appearance coincided with both the massive influx of Irish immigrants … pluralist implication of the St. Patrick's Day parades becomes more apparent as we look at the events held in cities … in Worcester, Mass., and a writer for the History News Service. …
This stamp features the first stanza of Ralph Waldo Emerson's "Concord Hymn."

The “Shot Heard Round the World”: April 19, 1775 and the American Revolutionary War

… Road.” In 1837, Ralph Waldo Emerson , provided what has become the enduring description of the Revolutionary War when … they would lose the support of other colonists and an audience in England. Massachusetts leaders thus collected … and behind houses, they had a hard time distinguishing non-combatants from the militia-men who were shooting at them—a …
King speaking to an anti-Vietnam war rally at the University of Minnesota in St. Paul, April 27, 1967.

Which Martin Luther King to Honor?

… sides their full due, we will be honoring only a bloodless, comforting reflection of the whole troubling man.  Most … and a legitimate target for nonviolent civil disobedience. That was why he was in Memphis in 1968, supporting … of Colorado at Boulder and a writer for History News Service. …
Depiction of the Battle of Bosworth Field by the eighteenth-century painter, Philip James de Loutherbourg.

The Battle of Bosworth Field

… August 22, 1485, King Richard III of England (r. 1483-1485) died fighting in the Battle of Bosworth Field. The victor, … son of York and was also Edward’s brother.  But when Edward died in April of 1483, he left two young sons (both under …
Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. at a press conference in Holland in 1964.

Asking Martin Luther King…

… talking about Martin Luther King, one of the questions most commonly asked is: “What would Dr. King say about…?” The … by the end of traditional colonialism and international communism, and domestically by the end of legalized racial … of Martin Luther King and a writer for the History News Service. …
The Taras Shevchenko monument in Borodyanka, Ukraine damaged by the Russian attack, April 2022.

Taras Shevchenko, Poet of Ukraine

… history of the Cossacks for Ukraine. The freedom they embodied became a potent inspiration for Ukrainian readers. His … was, but we should keep this as it is now.” Learn More: The Complete Kobzar: The Poetry of Taras Shevchenko. Translated … and the Lyric, Or How Taras Shevchenko Speaks to Compatriots Dead, Living, and Unborn,” The Slavonic and East …
1892 Populist Party presidential campaign button.

“Party Like It’s 1892!”

… in state and local races across the land.  Many pundits are comparing this election to the election of 1994, when anger … gambled wrong.  In that election, the GOP crushed this combined Democratic/Populist party, and the Populist Party … bees:  They sting one of the two major parties.  Then they die.   This is where the Tea Partiers find themselves now. …
Grover Cleveland-Benjamin Harrison presidential (1888) campaign poster about the trade policy of the two candidates

Reform: The Long-Term Winner in Close Elections

… or the opening of world markets to facilitate competition across national boundaries. Record campaign … racism, and urging workers and farmers to recognize their common interest in fighting business consolidation. Because … Fort Collins, Colo., and a writer for the History News Service. …
The flag of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization

Critique of NATO’s Expansion

… to expand NATO is based on an outdated crusade against communism, a crusade launched against the Soviet Union in … not only unnecessary, it is based on devotion to past anti-communist cliches. In addition, based on the experience of … University (Athens, Ohio) and a writer for the History News Service. …
American Theocracy: The Peril and Politics of Radical Religion, Oil, and Borrowed Money in the 21st Century, by Kevin Phillips book cover.

American Theocracy: The Peril and Politics of Radical Religion, Oil, and Borrowed Money in the 21st Century

Review of American Theocracy: The Peril and Politics of Radical Religion, Oil, and Borrowed Money in the 21st Century, by Kevin Phillips New York: Viking, 2006
… helped inspire. Like Nixon in late 1969, the author has become immensely disillusioned with America's leadership class … state of politics in the American Republic. Having become a strong critique of the Bush dynasty in recent years, … According to Phillips, as fundamentalism gained a wider audience it played a more vocal role in shaping the parameters …
King Capital, caricature by the Slovenian graphic artist and illustrator Hinko Smrekar (first half of the 20th century).

Why Business Loves Laissez Faire

… They have imagined that era as a golden age of free-market competition and laissez-faire government.  Many of these … So it is today in our new Gilded Age. Banks and mortgage companies, which lobbied to have regulations in their … faced foreclosure without any help from government. Oil companies want access to even more public land, and …
"The Bosses of the Senate" (1889). Reformers like the cartoonist Joseph Keppler depicted the Senate as controlled by the giant moneybags, who represented the nation's financial trusts and monopolies.

The Dreary Science Meets Politics

… They have imagined that era as a golden age of free-market competition and laissez-faire government.  Many of these … So it is today in our new Gilded Age. Banks and mortgage companies, which lobbied to have regulations in their … faced foreclosure without any help from government. Oil companies want access to even more public land, and …
Portrait of General Winfield Scott.

When “Sensitivity” Has Opened the Road to Victory

… one of the most sensitive and successful coalition commanders of all time. Cheney forgets that Ike diverted … in on Berlin from the east. He also forgets that to accommodate their British allies’ strategic interests (as well … America" (2002) and a writer for the History News Service. …
Castilian ambassadors attempt to ally themselves with Abu Hafs Umar al-Murtada.

The Iberian Realm of Islam

Review of Kingdoms of Faith: A New History of Islamic Spain, by Brian A. Catlos (New York: Basic Books, 2018)
… immigration ban. Timely then that veteran religious studies scholar Brian A. Catlos has published an overview of … The reality of the Islamic kingdoms in Iberia was far more complex. Castilian ambassadors attempt to ally themselves … of unrest were already apparent. Factions emerged among competing groups—including among the ruling Umayyad dynastic …
Children at Play: An American History, by Howard Chudacoff Book Cover

Children at Play: An American History

Review of Children at Play: An American History, by Howard Chudacoff (New York: New York University Press, 2007)
… play, adults' efforts to provide protective spaces indoor (community centers, YMCA) and outdoor (playgrounds, sports … and stronger peer associations formed as a consequence of compulsory schooling in the mid-nineteenth century, a gap … in modern American society, Chudacoff argues that a compression of generations has occurred that carries …
Attica

A History of Athens Beyond Decline

Review of Athens After Empire: A History from Alexander the Great to the Emperor Hadrian, by Ian Worthington (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2020)
… story, the myth relegates that city’s more interesting, complicated history to the margins. Ian Worthington’s latest … here in a mosaic from the House of the Faun in Pompeii, died in 323 BCE, which incited confusion and revolt in … between Athens and Rome poignantly illustrate Athens’ complicated relationship with the rest of the Mediterranean …