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Iraq by Raymond Bucko SJ on Flickr, cc by 2.0

Redeeming Honor — the South and Iraq

… behavior and ideals. That code fuels the enmity of our opponents throughout the Arab world. Yet Washington … hospitality shown to his relatives — with tacit American compliance. Or Osama bin Laden’s operatives could have been … from the former Confederacy. That withdrawal permitted one-party rule, an epidemic of lynchings, Jim Crow laws, …
Image of a large turkey on a postcard from the early 1900s.

The First “First Thanksgiving”

… for their living. We see it in the figures carved from stone and images painted or scribed on cave walls during … Thanksgiving.” For 136 years, Thanksgiving has been a day commemorated across America. It gives us a moment to recall … by the Plymouth Pilgrims and Indians rather than the one experienced by the St. Augustine Spaniards and Indians. …
Bust of Senator Robert La Follette in the Wisconsin State Capitol.

When Principle May Be the Best Policy

… the Democratic Party may self-destruct during the coming elections because it’s becoming softer on the war. … like those who have simply lost their moral compass. War opponents increasingly find themselves echoing the philosophy … in Iraq, is running against political newcomer and war opponent Philip Dunkelbarger. In the third district of La …

Colombia: Al Borde de la Paz con las FARC?

… Castro y supervisado por el Secretario General de las Naciones Unidas, Ban-Ki Moon, el presidente de Colombia, Juan Manuel Santos, y el comandante supremo de las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de … la clave necesaria para garantizar el éxito de las negociaciones. El gobierno y las guerrillas ahora estarían listos …
Cover of Krupp: A History of the Legendary German Firm by Harold James.

Blood and Steel

Review of Krupp: A History of the Legendary German Firm, by Harold James (Princeton University Press, 2012)
… crimes." 1 Partially as a result, the name Krupp has become synonymous with war profiteering, armaments and the … workers. 6 While the firm did make a good deal of money during the war, James argues that the Krupp firm's … Perhaps symbolic of this change, the Shah of Iran became one of Krupp's largest investors. 10 James does an excellent …
Cover of Famine: A Short History by Cormac Ó Gráda.

Famine: A Short History

Review of Famine: A Short History, by Cormac O Grada (Princeton University Press, 2009)
… visions of Malthus, Ehrlich, and other doomsayers have not come to pass.  Drawing on a rich variety of government … Migration was the most effective coping mechanism and functioned as a safety valve, reducing pressure on resources in … into the future.  Global food production has increased by one-third since the early 1960s and is outpacing human …
US Secretary of State Edward R. Stettinius, Jr., signing the UN Charter on 26 June 1945. President Truman stands by at left (UN Photo/Yould).

The Signing of the United Nations Charter

… Wilson bitterly called “a sullen and selfish isolation,” becoming an observer in the League but never a full member. As … traditional U.S. influence in the region, they responded to official Latin American concerns about communist … conflicts, such as the 2014 Russian annexation of Crimea. Nonetheless, the passage of the charter represented a new era …
An image of the castle in the Wizarding World of Harry Potter at Universal Orlando.

Banning Harry Potter

… too crude for refined readers. Twenty years later, critics complained that the characters were poor role models. By the … the Harry Potter books as potentially threatening. Opponents argue that censorship is detrimental to students’ … Potter may rival Huck Finn and Holden Caulfield to become one of America’s most banned boys. Elizabeth D. Schafer is …
President Clinton and Vice President Gore sitting in the Oval Office in 1996.

An October Surprise Again?

… vice president, and Richard Nixon, his Republican opponent. This prospect was labeled the October Surprise. The … public diplomacy might lessen the value of such an accomplishment as a true surprise. A revived round of … is close. A real October Surprise could sway the results one way or another. Its absence in previous years doomed …
"The National Game. Three Outs and One Run." Drawing depicting the four candidates of the 1860 United States presidential election (L to R): John Bell, Stephen Douglas, John C. Breckinridge, and Abraham Lincoln. The artist is comparing the election to a baseball game.

The Election of 1860 and Secession — to Preserve Slavery

… initiated." That evening, in a foreshadowing of events to come, fireworks lit the sky above Fort Sumter. Who could … Alexander Stephens described as a nation whose "corner-stone rests upon the great truth, that the negro is not equal … the breakaway republic, secessionists were completely honest in explaining why they desired a separate country. On …
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Moroni3a07131u.jpg

Joseph Smith Discovers the Gold Plates

… Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Smith was visited that night by an angel who told him of an ancient … day: treasure seeking. Joseph Sr. was, by the 1820s, a seasoned veteran of hunting for buried goods; Joseph Jr., … being able to find hidden objects by looking into a seer stone, of which he had several. For many during this period, …
The headquarters of the National Association Opposed to Woman Suffrage in 1911.

The Nineteenth Amendment

… it did not extend suffrage to women. Months later, Lucy Stone and Henry Blackwell formed a rival group, the American … however, white women had greater access to the ballot box compared to women of color. The continued disenfranchisement … of 1920, thirty-five states had ratified the amendment, one short of the thirty-six necessary to amend the …

From Baghdad to Kabul: The Historical Roots of U.S. Counterinsurgency Doctrine

… the benefit of the clear military or geographic objectives common to more conventional wars. This lack of knowledge … quadrillage to divide the country into sectors and positioned permanent garrisons in them to control the population … in the West have become increasingly reluctant to condone the massive level of violence and collateral damage …
Refugees crowded emergency trains leaving to India or Pakistan c. 1947-1953

India-Pakistan Partition

… into two separate, independent states. The violence that accompanied partition, which led to the death of up to a … advanced the date of independence to August 1947, a year sooner than Prime Minister Clement Attlee had first promised. … drawn lines on the map created a political border where none had existed before. Areas with a majority Muslim …
An orientalist nineteenth century Russian view of Samarkand in the time of Timur.

A Castilian in Samarkand, 1404

… treaty with the world-conqueror, whose sack of Baghdad alone caused the deaths of hundreds of thousands. Clavijo … noted that work on the largest mosque in the city had been completed just before his arrival, but Timur ordered its … to Hajji Muhammad al-Qazi, a Chagatai courtier who had visited the court of Castile in Toledo several years earlier. …
In order, India’s Indira Gandhi, Pakistan’s Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, and Bangladesh’s Mujibur Rahman

After Midnight

Review of Midnight’s Descendants: A History of South Asia Since Partition, by John Keay (New York: Basic Books, 2014)
… of waterways serves as a metaphor for the subcontinent’s complicated post-colonial coming of age. Favoring academic … The Soviet war in Afghanistan and the influx of ideas and money from the Gulf States supported the proliferation of … are obscured as a result, while the British are largely exonerated as arbiters merely attempting to find a workable …
Cover of The Collapse: The Accidental Opening of the Berlin Wall by Mary Elise Sarotte.

…And the Walls Came Tumbling Down: A History of Contingency and Happenstance

Review of The Collapse: The Accidental Opening of the Berlin Wall, by Mary Elise Sarotte New York: Basic Books, 2014.
… irrevocably porous. But the events of November 9 did not come from nowhere. The fall of the Berlin Wall—as detailed … magnifying glass, Sarotte argues, party leader Erich Honecker’s hardline policies grew evermore untenable. The … early October, East German attrition proved intolerable to Honecker, who sealed the state off entirely from both Hungary …
The Statue of Liberty during the June 10, 2021 solar eclipse.

Solar Eclipses in American History

… James Fenimore Cooper, the pioneering author of  The   Last of Mohicans  (1826), was no … have heralded eclipses as portentous, ominous events. Sites aligned to solstices and equinoxes—England’s … total solar eclipse . Dating to 1223 BCE in Syria, it was accompanied by the appearance of  Mars in the sky and …
An abandoned building in Chernobyl

A Postcard from Chernobyl

… cloud was detected over Sweden did the full extent become known to the authorities in the Soviet Union’s capital … was evacuated two days after the explosion. The abandoned town lies deserted, looted of anything of value (in … We were permitted to visit the exclusion zone on an official tour. We were stopped at check points at the …
Vaccination team member giving a cholera vaccine in Cerca Carvajal, 2013.

Cholera and the Roots of Public Health

… the “miasmatists” (sometimes called “anti-contagionists”) posited that environmental hazards like “bad air” ( mal aria … the poor’s living conditions. In Great Britain, Poor Law Commissioner Edwin Chadwick, from the miasma school, began to preach …
Portrait of Martin Luther

Martin Luther and the Reformation

… the course of Christianity and western civilization. Commemorative Playmobil figure of Martin Luther. But to stop … of soldiers plundering a farm during the Thirty Years War. None of these long-term influences of the Protestant … War of 1525, or that a faithful Christian society would be one that tolerated a variety of religious viewpoints, …