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… with such entreaties, Washington knew, could harm America's national wellbeing. Specifically, he warned Americans to … Foreign Affairs published George Kennan's "The Sources of Soviet Conduct," which became the theoretical underpinning … of Containment. Kennan insisted that, toward the Soviet Union, the United States should apply "long-term, patient …

… had not supported repairs or expansions. As part of a national spending spree on highways, a portion of the … telephone, electricity and natural gas, local banks, and national and international stock exchanges. Chartered in 1791, Alexander …

… Kobo , Amy Pate , and Amanda Robinson discuss ethnicity, nationality, and religion in contemporary African societies. … host, Mark Sokolsky. Today, we're discussing religious, national, and ethnic identities in contemporary Africa. What … of West African States] which is an economic and political union in West Africa, are actually quite important in the …

… Scottish independence and Robert’s monarchy.       3. The Union of the Crowns: Two Crowns, One Head     In 1603, … will of Scottish nobles and landowners, paving the way for union with England and the creation of the United Kingdom.   … Referendum     In 2007, the pro-independence Scottish National Party (SNP) formed a minority government in the …

… his prosecution as the dawning of “a new era of international accountability,” further evidence of “the … trial. Milosevic countered with a challenge to the International Criminal Tribunal’s legal legitimacy. Bubbling … is a fundamental clash between the competing claims of national sovereignty and universal human rights. If we have …

… The British Way of War: Julian Corbett and the Battle for a National Strategy, Andrew Lambert, Professor of Naval … examines the debates surrounding the development of British national strategy at the turn of the 20th century through … the focal point around which the debate regarding British national strategy revolved from 1902 to 1922. Lambert …

… when it invaded Belgium. Because of such dismissal of international agreements, the esteem that Germany had enjoyed … in the United States, where there then was respect for international treaties, which the 1787 Constitution had elevated … to the United Nations remaining at the center of the international order.” As the move toward war on Iraq began in …

… intervene in humanitarian crises abroad, or whether a multinational force can be developed to do that job. Democratic … action through the Security Council. And except for the Soviet Union’s colossal slip-up in not vetoing U.N. entry into the … Global/Transnational …

… issues of race and racism remain as urgent as ever to our national conversation. Four scholars discuss such questions … and social exclusion? How did racism manifest in different national and historical contexts? How have American and … in part, by Ohio Humanities, a state affiliate of the National Endowment for the Humanities. Any views, findings, …

… Africa, to unite his country behind the success of the national team. Unexpectedly, the home squad provided just … diplomatic efforts, including consultation with the African Union and the Southern African Development Community. "This … who were the highlight. They stood and sang the national anthem, they made their vuvuzelas sing in unison -- …

… for their own ends. But Madison ignored the merits of national parties: the country’s greatest crisis, the Civil … limits the amount of money individuals, corporations, unions and other organizations can give to the national … as the National Rifle Association, the Sierra Club and unions) from advertising within 60 days of an election. The …

… in order to both understand and use that growth to promote nationalism, maps representing American history became the … the ideas that brought about a turn toward mapping history. Nationalism, manifest destiny, and modernization frame the … maps that explained the first one-hundred years of national history. Schulten shows in "Mapping the Present" …

… for warmth, a dozen Russian explorers had just raised their national colors, ceremoniously opening the first Russian … the Russian imagination. Polar explorers—especially the Soviet-era pioneers from the 1930s, who led the world in … achievements, honors, and global renown—and also the Soviet Union's Arctic pilots. For their record-breaking flights …

… Lien-Hang Nguyen's new book Hanoi's War: An International History of the War for Peace in Vietnam is … web that includes North Vietnam, South Vietnam, China, the Soviet Union, the United States, Laos, Cambodia, France, and the … Review of Hanoi's War: An International History of the War for Peace in Vietnam , by …

… But not until the 20th century did modern concepts of international sanctions—a collective denial of economic access … cooperate in limiting the exports of strategic goods to the Soviet bloc in the ultimately unfulfilled hope of … combining the African diaspora, white liberals, and trade unions, sanctions seemed to offer a nonviolent way to force …

… contempt, to cynicism, to gratitude. Chinese Dreams and The National Museum What is sometimes overlooked in discussions … is the context in which Xi gave the original speech—the National Museum of China. Xi Jinping (surrounded by other … Politburo members) giving his “China Dream” speech at the National Museum of China, Nov. 29, 2012.  Xi gave the speech …

… and a shrewd administrator at the highest levels of national politics, but his speech, entitled “Large-Scale … to begin construction, 1954. The date is significant. The Soviet Union’s Cold War military rivalry with the United States … Global/Transnational …

… decision to abolish slavery moved from military strategy to national policy, and whether it was more his decision or … to avoid the competition of slave labor, it entered the union as a free state the following year. "The balance of … strengthened the influence of those who clamored for disunion." Showing how California's story both shaped and …

… that greets both tourists and researchers at the National Archives in Washington D.C. The phrase is meant to … War. Closely connected, when the Civil War ended and the Union had won. Many female abolitionists believed that women … socialism and communism that they watched develop in the Soviet Union. This was the era of McCarthyism, after all, in …

… No longer concerned about a clash of arms with the old Soviet Union, America today faces new challenges to its security. … Bush administration is now deciding America’s future international security strategy and the size and structure of the … Global/Transnational …

… On the night of 2-3 December 1984, a Union Carbide chemical facility at Bhopal leaked over 27 … Bhopal Plant Disaster . Appendix A: Chronology   1969-1979: Union Carbide Enters Bhopal   … t-happened/setting-the-stage-for-tragedy-1969-1984/1969-1979-union-carbide-enters-bhopal/ …

… d'analyser le parcours du pays depuis la chute de l'Union soviétique et de se souvenir qu'on ne revient jamais … paradoxalement pour le moment, par l'autoritarisme et le nationalisme. Il faut également rappeler à quel point la … qu'il s'agisse de l'espace anciennement soviétique, de l'Union européenne ou des pays émergents. Les raisons du …

… strategists.  During the  Cold War (1947-1991),  the Soviet Union was the most visible and feared socialist state. … CCP, backed by the USSR) and the Guomindang’s (GMD) Chinese nationalists (a capitalist regime ultimately backed by the … Diplomacy/International Relations …

… This dubious milestone deserves much more attention. The national debt exploded as the result of ongoing federal … programs led to creation of the European Payments Union (EPU) in 1950, which administered Marshall Plan funds … for Western Europe. Incidentally, the European Payments Union threw the Bank of International Settlements (BIS) a …