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The historic Floyd County Courthouse in Rome, Georgia.

Marcus Dixon or Strom Thurmond: Which Is the Predator?

… husband when he was nine) declared that her son “may have committed a sin, but never committed a crime,” she unknowingly evoked the flexible … the courtroom after Dixon’s conviction: “We Shall Overcome.” But it only takes a couple of well-chosen words by a …
Demonstrators protest the judicial proceedings against suspected White Power activists following the Greensboro massacre of 1979.

"Lone Wolves" No More

Review of Bring the War Home: The White Power Movement and Paramilitary America, by Kathleen Belew (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2018)
… that burn in the Baghdad sky Insist there’s a price we must pay A soldier returns from the war in the Gulf A soldier named Tim McVeigh . . . ―Charlie King, The War is Coming Home , 1996 On April 19, 1995, a date fraught with … former soldier Timothy McVeigh—along with several accomplices—detonated a three-and-a-half ton fertilizer bomb …
San Francisco earthquake 1906

San Francisco 1906 and Katrina 2005: The Increasing Costs of Unpreparedness

… the cost of prevention would have been great, but less than paying to repair the damage. If we raise billions to fight … that followed the earthquake wiping out its business and commercial districts. Still the scope of the two disasters is comparable. The number of residents displaced by nature's …
The Benin Bronzes in the African Gallery at the British Museum.

LOOT: Colonial Collections and African Restitution Debates

… North to share collections. Ironically, it was the shortcomings of a UNESCO convention that brought M’Bow to this … in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, suggested that in the coming five years “conditions be put in place for the … restitution” of African cultural heritage. He subsequently commissioned Senegalese academic Felwine Sarr and French art …
An unidentified U.S. Marine Corps corporal fires his weapon at a wounded, unarmed Iraqi lying on the floor of a gutted mosque in Fallujah, Nov. 13, 2004. by Kevin Sites found on NPR.org

Shooting the Wounded: What Are the Rules Now?

… the last decades of the 20th century. Tales of Americans committing atrocities in Korea have persisted for decades. … Calley of killing 22 villagers at My Lai. He may have become a sort of folk hero during his trial and was later … the moral fabric of their nation will not allow them to become war criminals, even if that means losing a war. It is …
Black Women's Rights Leaders

Prologued: Women and the Vote

Analyzing the myth of the women's voting bloc
… to Prologued on: Anchor ( https://anchor.fm/originsosu ) Apple Podcasts ( https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/prologued/id1525013753 ) Spotify ( https://open.spotify.com/show/439Ra0Qdd69CH20lsI6pcZ?si=vSbq3lSRTfOd1LbRHHhQcw ) …
wind turbines

Energy Policy: How is the “Long Transition” from Fossil Fuels Doing?

… over the last four years.  The reasons for that are many, complex, and subject to change in the near and far future.  … to its lowest level in seven years.  Americans are paying on average just above $2.00 per gallon of gas .  Many … the height of the Great Recession in 2008, and through a combination of possible trader manipulation , political …
Cover of The Collapse: The Accidental Opening of the Berlin Wall by Mary Elise Sarotte.

…And the Walls Came Tumbling Down: A History of Contingency and Happenstance

Review of The Collapse: The Accidental Opening of the Berlin Wall, by Mary Elise Sarotte New York: Basic Books, 2014.
… irrevocably porous. But the events of November 9 did not come from nowhere. The fall of the Berlin Wall—as detailed … she instead writes the history of serendipity whose outcome was far from predetermined, even if it seems so in … authority of East Germany’s Socialist Unity Party (SED) was compromised; the leadership’s attempts to rebuild were …
Rick Santorum at prayer, 2012

Rick Santorum and Fundamentalist Catholicism

… in the polls among GOP voters precisely because he is so comfortable mixing politics and religion. He presents a … to the group, include “indulgences (allowing people to pay money to indulge in their sins), inquisition (torture … the kind of bigotry American Catholics have tried to overcome. What may be less familiar is that Santorum’s brand of …
The Algerian flag.

Torture in Iraq: Lessons from Algeria

… These French units exploited the unclear lines of their own command authority to act somewhat independently of the rest of the military. This ambiguous command authority also allowed them to set up a vast network … over the conduct of war, the problem of ambiguously defined command authority and the creation of “extra legal” spaces …
Portrait of Benjamin Franklin by Joseph-Siffred Duplessis.

Apologizing for Slavery

… that has raged ever since. Apologizing for slavery has become such a controversial issue not only because few understand what it will accomplish, but also because even more than 130 years after … the idea of a slave memorial on the Washington Mall is becoming more popular. And why the Founding Fathers have …
President George W. Bush signs a law in front of senators.

The Dark Side of “Faith-Based Initiatives”

… President Bush’s Office of Faith-Based and Community Initiatives — created to give religious groups tax … philosophers: Marvin Olasky. Bush has praised Olasky as “compassionate conservatism’s leading thinker,” saying of his … the prevailing myth in the Bush administration. This myth comes out of the 1820s. Christian moral reformers of that …
Storming the Bastille

Storming the Bastille (July 14, 1789)

… from food shortages and the weight of taxes used to pay King Louis XVI’s vast debts. And they found themselves … by historians, depicted by artists and celebrated by common people. In 1880, the French chose to make the … to Independence Square in Kyiv (not to mention the recent commemorations of the 1989 Tiananmen Square Movement ). The …
Image of Pluto from NASA’s New Horizons spacecraft taken on July 13, 2015.

Discovering Pluto

… and mathematical calculations.  Initially, he focused on comet and meteor predictions, but he later turned to … To assist with calculations, he hired a team of human computers—individuals (often women) who performed complex computations—a practice later highlighted in the …
President George W. Bush and his wife Laura listening to a Missouri elementary student read aloud to them.

Can Bush Avoid the Curse of Re-election?

… takes the press and the opposition party a full term to become familiar with an administration’s use of executive … by authorizing the coverup of the Watergate scandal and paying hush money to Watergate defendants. These were …
Taliban fighters patrol the streets of Kabul in August, 2021.

Who are the Taliban?

… the Taliban now confront the challenge of governing this complex country and establishing a stable government. Since … have sought to reassure Afghans and the international community that they have the answers to manage Afghanistan’s … clearer view of the Taliban challenge for the international community and what we might expect next in Afghanistan and …
North College Hill, Ohio, USA, Memorial Day parade, 2004, by Rick Dikeman.

A Vanishing American Remembrance?

… the national holiday from its pedestal. Memorial Day commemorates the men and women killed on the battlefield or … Gibbons (R – Nevada). Both bills were referred to the Committee on the Judiciary and the Committee on Government Reform and haven't been seen since. …
Weimar Germany: Promise and Tragedy, by Eric D. Weitz Book Cover

Weimar Germany: Promise and Tragedy

Review of Weimar Germany: Promise and Tragedy, by Eric D. Weitz (Princeton University Press, Princeton, 2007)
… Weitz helps the reader understand how and why the fragile, complex, and tense culture of Weimar Germany motivated these … do. The discussion of the sexual revolution in Germany comes closer to touching on the wide variety of general … across the spectrum is an outstanding touch, because they communicate not just the intellectual but also the artistic …
Advertisement for DDT featured in Time Magazine, June 30, 1947. This image illustrates the rosy reputation that pesticides enjoyed before the publication of Silent Spring.

A World Drenched with Pesticides: Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring

… on chemical over-use. While the public, USDA, chemical companies , and farmers embraced pesticides with a fervor one historian has compared to a love story, a growing number of scientific … Court rejected an appeal by Bayer, forcing the company to pay Edwin Hardeman —a Californian who claimed Roundup gave …
Chinese nuclear bomb on display in China.

A Danger Shared by All

… Lyndon Johnson ordered a task force, the Gilpatric Committee (named after its chairman, former deputy defense … to stop nuclear proliferation. According to the Gilpatric Committee, “Energetic and comprehensive steps must be taken in the near future to …

Where have you gone, Holden Caulfield? Why We Aren’t ‘Alienated’ Anymore

… Over the last year, we have come to know a good deal about Umar Farouk Abdul Mutallab. … existence of bohemia. Alienation? Who needs it? It doesn't pay well, and there's no 401(k). The Roots of the Idea So … individuals. The stone-faced automaker has given way to Apple, which flirts with revolution. As the Clinton …

Should Age Matter? How 65 Came to Be Old and Old Came to Be Ill

… United States. The press, the government, and the medical community claim, often and loudly, that these numbers augur … the country’s resources. Still, amidst the alarmists, a few commentators acknowledge that aging itself has changed. Many … 65 was a number that could be sustainably financed through payroll taxation. As historian Andrew Achenbaum reports, “As …
A portrait of U.S. Brig. Gen. William “Billy” Mitchell, who advocated for air power in the 1920s.

Rumsfeld Must Modernize U.S. Armed Forces

… believed, the U.S. military services had to become flexible and mobile enough to meet smaller and more … has been slow to see how pervasive that intrusion has become. Although his belated recognition has impaired his … as 72 fighters. These cuts are intended to free money to pay for advanced technology such as missile defense, …