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John D. Rockefeller in 1914.

Bill Gates — Another Rockefeller or Another Ford?

… Ohio Senator John Sherman put it, "If we will not endure a king as a political power we should not endure a king over the production, transportation, and sale of any of … competition from the new, more efficient chain stores, by making it illegal to discount prices. By the 1980s America was …
The Humboldt Current: Nineteenth-Century Exploration and the Roots of American Environmentalism, by Aaron Sachs Book Cover

The Humboldt Current: Nineteenth-Century Exploration and the Roots of American Environmentalism

Review of The Humboldt Current: Nineteenth-Century Exploration and the Roots of American Environmentalism, by Aaron Sachs (Viking Books, 2006)
… see von Humboldt as the founding figure of ecological thinking. Von Humboldt, for example, recognized that the falling … in von Humboldt's work: J. N. Reynolds, Clarence King, George Wallace Melville and John Muir. Of the three, … remarkable autobiographer, regarded his friend Clarence King as the greatest figure of his generation. In the …
Film poster for Dilwale Dulhaniya Le Jayenge (1995).

Top Ten Origins: Bollywood Films

… are often musicals but can also lack any music at all. Picking a “Top Ten” list from such a diverse category is a … ten years after India’s independence from the United Kingdom. This was an era in which Hindi cinema highlighted … a courtesan Anaar Kali (Madhubala). Prithviraj Kapoor plays King Akbar, the father of prince Salim, who opposes the …
Plumes of smoke billow from the World Trade Center towers in Lower Manhattan, New York City, after a Boeing 767 hits each tower during the September 11 attacks.

Security May Be Too Expensive

… FBI files on those he considered subversive, such as Martin Luther King, Jr. Historically, when the dust has settled the United …

A Century of HIV

… it gradually took over cells in the immune system, hijacking CD4 cells to make new copies of the virus before … colonial claims ( center ). A 1905 caricature of Belgian King Leopold II with his earnings from the Congo Free State … led to a widespread campaign against the Belgian King Leopold II’s murderous reign in the Congo. European …

Beware of Greeks Bearing Gifts: How Neo-Nazis and Ancient Greeks Met in Charlottesville

… now been initiated. But even as classical historians are working harder than ever to debunk the use of classical history … the racist origins of their own field, however, when Martin Bernal began publishing the controversial … multi-volume work Black Athena in 1987. The first volume of Martin Bernal’s 1987  Black Athena: The Afroasiatic Roots of …
William Shatner as Captain Kirk and Leonard Nimoy as Mr. Spock pose behind a model of the starship Enterprise.

Star Trek

… them to follow their respective careers. Nichols was thinking of leaving Star Trek when Martin Luther King Jr. visited the set. He insisted that she remain …

A Century of Sanctions

… winner would fail to profit. First published in the United Kingdom in 1909, Europe’s Optical Illusion by Norman Angell … he declared a “Bank Holiday” and temporarily banned all banking transactions. Congress then passed legislation that … Japanese assets in the United States were frozen, making it impossible for Japan to use its gold reserves to …
Israeli soldiers stand around their tanks during the Yom Kippur War.

The Yom Kippur War and the OPEC Oil Embargo

… Netherlands, Portugal, Rhodesia, South Africa, the United Kingdom, and the United States. It and the broader Yom … administration was prepared to supply new weapons to the kingdom, convinced OPEC to lift the embargo. On March 19, …
Hessian troops surrendering to General George Washington after the Battle of Trenton.

The Return of the Mercenary

… or, more plainly, mercenaries. Peter Singer of the Brookings Institution estimates that private contractors now … in the history of warfare. If war was the sport of kings, then mercenaries, immortalized in Biblical verse and … Nigeria. But in a post-nation-state era, the mercenary is making a comeback. In a world no longer characterized by Great …
An 1889 lithograph of the Historic Capitol of Tallahassee, Florida

For History’s Sake, Preserve Florida’s Presidential Ballots

… pens of historians and other researchers. All will be seeking to put to rest the still unanswered question that the … The panel should be roughly modeled after the U. S. Assassination Records Review Board — the independent, … in 1992 that examined the controversy surrounding the assassination of President John F. Kennedy. That body of …

What's in a Name?: The Meaning of 'Muslim Fundamentalist'

… put a Muslim fundamentalist in the White House." Right-thinking Americans have a duty to thwart that plan. To allow the … Richard Niebuhr, Talcott Parsons, Richard Hofstadter, and Martin Marty, Americans learned to think of fundamentalism … to "modernity and modernization." (Those phrases come from Martin Marty's article "Fundamentalism Reborn.") Americans …
Pope Francis holding Bible

The People's Pope and the Changing Face of Catholicism

… rebellious side and all of us he's even been spotted sneaking out of the Vatican in the evening, but all be at … organization.   Patrick Potyondy    And that's and that's Luther and all of that.   Dr. David Brakke    So Luther, of course, started all of that, right. But, but it's …
A photograph of Viola Desmond

Remembering Viola Desmond

… injustice catapulted her into the limelight, ultimately making her the reluctant face of Canada’s Civil Rights … Klux Klan members stand by a cross erected in a field near Kingston, Ontario in 1927. At the same time, Desmond’s …
Stamp commemorating revolution in Iraq

Iraq's 1920 Revolution

… A commemorative 1965 Iraqi stamp marking the 45th anniversary of the 1920 revolution. For many … conscription mechanisms, and tax collecting apparatus, making these institutions more efficient but skewing their … and radical wings of the independence movement. RAF plane taking part in the British campaigns in Iraq. At the same …

Kosovo's Year Zero: Between a Balkan Past and a European Future

… throughout its history. As a vital part of the medieval kingdom of Serbia, Kosovo became a veritable center of … symbolic of the "rebirth" of the legendary medieval Serbian kingdom—despite the fact that Kosovo was by then largely … a "moderate nationalist." The EU chose not to recognize the assassination for what it was—namely, an act of violence …
Cover of The Chiefs Now in This City: Indians and the Urban Frontier in Early America by Colin Calloway.

Native Americans in Urban Places

Review of , “The Chiefs Now in This City”: Indians and the Urban Frontier in Early America, by Colin Calloway (New York City, NY: Oxford University Press, 2021)
… Indigenous groups arriving in town, lodging, dining, drinking, attending performances and performing, health , and … explores the anonymous Native people living and working in early American towns. It is among the book’s best. … Native Americans tour Philadelphia near the New Lutheran Church, 1800. Teedyuscung died in a suspicious fire …
A red AIDS ribbon outlined in candles

The Global History of HIV

… open up things for discussion. If you're interested in asking a question, please write it in the Q&A or the … you to ASC and Clio Society and the Bexley Library for making this event possible. I'm delighted to be here today. … in celebrating and acknowledging World AIDS Day we are thinking about and recalling the 38, the 32 point 7 million …

A Fresh Start for Pakistan?

… imagined.” Pakistan shook itself free from the United Kingdom in 1947 after almost 100 years of colonial control … Pakistan became a cold war ally of the United States. Seeking economic and military aid to defend against its …

Humanitarian Intervention: The American Experience from William McKinley to Barack Obama

… , Bosnia, and Kosovo have been described as ad hoc and lacking precedent. Such observations reflect a misunderstanding … have failed to recognize the extent to which religious thinking infuses U.S. foreign policy. Obama and the Libyan … Stephanson has argued that the founders of the U.S., taking the baton from the Puritans, conceived their new nation …
A posthumous portrait of Ferdinand Magellan, painted c. 16th or 17th century

Magellan’s Circumnavigation of the Earth

… noble, Magellan possessed an extensive knowledge of mapmaking and sailing, and already had years of experience … a route to the west, Magellan then turned to the new king of Spain, Charles I. If Magellan’s expedition was … who refused to bring tribute for Raja Humabon and the King of Spain. Fighting in the shallow waters off the shore, …