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Soviet soldiers riding on a combat vehicle in Kabul, Afghanistan in 1986.

The United States Must Learn From the Soviet War in Afghanistan

… Bush has vowed to hunt down those who aided the assailants and punish them severely. The top suspect in the attacks, … the Soviet army enjoyed a numerical advantage in men and weapons over Afghan forces, the Afghani fighters mauled … in 1989, its pride bruised, its reputation bloodied and its spirit broken. The successor Russian army continues …
The Sino-Soviet Split: Cold War in the Communist World, by Lorenz M Luthi Book Cover

Clashing Shades of Red

Review of The Sino-Soviet Split: Cold War in the Communist World, by Lorenz M Luthi (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2008)
… major event?  1. the end of the Cold War; 2. September 11 and its aftermath; or 3. the rise of China.  A bit … argument for answer C.  The collapse of the Soviet Empire and the start of America's so-called "War on Terror" will be … It controls much of the world's manufacturing-core and acts increasingly as the capitalist-system's primary …
Mexican flag in a square

A Postcard from Mexico City

… As I quickly discovered, Mexico City and its region allow you to travel through centuries and several phases of history. San Juan Teotihuacán, on the … outskirts of Mexico City, thrived as a city nearly two thousand years ago. The rise and decline of the civilization that …
U.S. soldiers walking through rubble in Manila

The Battle for Manila

Public memory of the battle for Manila includes a mixture of gratitude toward the Americans, nationalistic defiance, and horror.
… of gratitude toward the Americans, nationalistic defiance, and horror. The liberation claimed the lives of a thousand Americans, 16,000 Japanese, and 100,000 Manileños, one tenth of the population. Written … of gratitude toward the Americans, nationalistic defiance, and horror. …
Ita Ford and Dorothy Kazel, two of the murdered women of El Salvador

The Murdered Churchwomen in El Salvador

… from left to right: Maura Clarke, Ita Ford, Dorothy Kazel, and Jean Donovan. Image courtesy of the Maryknoll Sisters. … 2, 1980, four churchwomen—Maryknoll Sisters Maura Clarke and Ita Ford, Ursuline Sister Dorothy Kazel, and lay missionary Jean Donovan—became victims of escalating …
The Algerian flag.

Torture in Iraq: Lessons from Algeria

… They could, however, be the words of torturers everywhere and in every era. The French case provides eerie parallels … allegations about the use of torture in Iraq, Afghanistan and Guantanamo. A democracy like the United States, France … Algerian situation. Its rejection of Geneva protections, and the consequent acceptance of harsher methods of …
group of protesters with linked arms at Epifanio de los Santos Avenue

The People Power Revolution, Philippines 1986

From February 22 to 25, 1986, hundreds of thousands of Filipinos gathered on Epifanio de los Santos Avenue to protest President Ferdinand Marcos' claim that he had won re-election.
A wood engraving of President Woodrow Wilson from 1918.

The Osama bin Laden of 1916

… Last week’s attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon have elicited frequent allusions to the … cases an attack without warning cost the United States thousands of lives, and stirred fear and anger. As in 1941, the event has united … South & Central America …
Amritsar Massacre

The Amritsar Massacre (1919)

The massacre and continued police brutality were turning points in Indian anti-colonialism.
… crowd of Indians. Learn what led up to the massacre and its repercussions. Written by Archana Venkatesh. … Dr. Nicholas B. Breyfogle. Video production by Laura Seeger and Dr. Nicholas B. Breyfogle. Audio production by Paul … team includes Editors Nicholas Breyfogle, Steven Conn and David Steigerwald; Managing Editors Lauren Henry, Sarah …
North Korea's prime minister Kim Il-sung and China's premier Zhou Enlai tour Beijing in 1958.

China Holds the Key to the North Korea Problem

… of the United Nations for failing to deter aggression and preserve world peace. That blame is misplaced. In this case, responsibility for controlling North Korea, and the ability to do so, falls squarely on China.   The way … that might precipitate a world war.   When Great Britain and the United States developed the first plans for the UN …
Flag of the People's Republic of China

With Enemies Like These…

… which country had the best claim to a group of small islands located in the East China Sea, to the flurry of … how Deng Xiaoping’s death may affect the People’s Republic and our relations with its leadership.   One curious thing … The pair in question, Taiwan’s President Lee Teng-hui and Disney CEO Michael Eisner, are individuals who otherwise …
Liu Bang

Liu Bang, from Peasant Rebel to Emperor

Liu Bang rose from obscurity to be crowned emperor of China 2215 years ago on the 28th of February, 202 BCE.
… B. Breyfogle. Video production by Cody Patton, Laura Seeger and Dr. Nicholas B. Breyfogle.   … East Asia & Southeast Asia …
Escobar: Paradise Lost, directed by Andrea Di Stefano

2/6/2015: At the Movies: Escobar

… Escobar: Paradise Lost is the directorial debut of Andrea Di Stefano, who also wrote the film. Set in Colombia … surfer Nick (Josh Hutcherson of The Hunger Games fame) and Maria (played by Spanish television star Claudia … by Benicio Del Toro). Escobar: Paradise Lost,  directed by Andrea Di Stefano Del Toro is not the lead, and this is …
Alfonso García Robles at the Public Hearing on Nuclear Weapons and Disarmament in 1981.

A Model for a Nuclear-Free Middle East

… still exist in the Middle East. Israel has nuclear weapons, and its rival Iran is suspected of developing them. Other … may resort to nuclear weapons as a response to Israel's and Iran's possession of them. The Middle East can avoid the … crisis almost led to a nuclear war between the Soviet Union and the United States. The Soviet missiles were eventually …
Palais de Beaulieu

The Theological Third Way in Latin America

Review of A Gospel for the Poor: Global Social Christianity and the Latin American Evangelical Left, by David C. Kirkpatrick (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2019)
Ration distribution point.

The Other War in Pakistan

… Defeating the Taliban and al-Qaida is only one part of the struggle to build peace … to win Pakistanis over to the side of the United States and away from the Taliban and al-Qaida. Aiding the refugees is clearly in the national … South Asia …
An image comparing Communism to Naziism

Historical Analogies and the China Debate

… thing. It helps place a contemporary problem in a new light and can even aid the construction of sensible public … Misconceived or misapplied analogies, on the other hand, are a very different matter. Unfortunately, bad … analogies, at a crucial point in the history of China and of Sino-American relations, is a troubling and dangerous …
Aftermath of the al-Qaida bombing at the U.S. Embassy in Tanzania in 1998.

When America Was Considered a Rogue Nation

… the Civil War, people in Latin America, Western Europe, and even the faraway Hawaiian kingdom were convinced that … operated in underground cells, used secret codes and wreaked havoc. They attacked Canada, Mexico, Cuba, Nicaragua and Honduras and were suspected of planning attacks …
The Dalai Lama during a visit to Boston, Massachusetts in 2017.

An Effective American Policy on Tibet?

… by demonstrators. None of them have been more strident and belligerent than those advocating Tibetan independence.  … the deification of the Tibetan leader, the Dalai Lama, and Hollywood’s successful romanticization of Tibet. They demand that President Clinton act forcefully to compel China to …