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A map showing China and the United States

Another Cold War? China This Time?

… Great powers, like male dogs, tend to fight. It’s a reflex, and only a firm hand on the leash can prevent it. With nations, governments must do the restraining. But it is very easy, and often politically rewarding, just to let the leash slip … East Asia & Southeast Asia …
A KFC in Hanoi, Vietnam

Kentucky Fried Globalization

… time, the American press corps will find a better way of handling the complex cultural dimensions of Vietnam’s … Pacific. Eight years ago, what might be called the “burgers and bowling” storyline shaped reporting on Clinton’s trip. The idea conveyed in words and backed up with photos of Chinese eating Big Macs and
soldiers holding guns near a body of water

The Bangladesh Liberation War

December 16, 1971 marked the end of the Bangladesh Liberation War, a short-lived conflict between India and Pakistan.
… Liberation War, a short-lived conflict between India and Pakistan that established the People’s Republic of … Dr. Nicholas B. Breyfogle. Video production by Laura Seeger and Dr. Nicholas B. Breyfogle.     … Liberation War, a short-lived conflict between India and Pakistan. …
Atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima, Japan

Bombing Hiroshima

The atomic age began between heartbeats at 8:15 am on August 6, 1945 when the Japanese city of Hiroshima was leveled by an atomic bomb.
… Dr. Nicholas B. Breyfogle. Video production by Laura Seeger and Dr. Nicholas B. Breyfogle. Audio production by Paul … team includes: Editors Nicholas Breyfogle, Steven Conn and David Steigerwald; Managing Editors Cameron Givens, Damarius Johnson, and Brionna Mendoza; Copyeditor Sarah Brady Siff; Article …
Mount Fuji from Omiya by Kusakabe Kimbei c. 1890

Japan’s Meiji Restoration

Japan’s Meiji Restoration, or Meiji Ishin, occurred on January 3, 1868, and marked the return of the Japanese emperor to a position of power for the first time in more than 500 years.
… had ruled Japan since 1600. The collapse of the Tokugawa and handover to the new Meiji regime was swift and largely peaceful, resulting in the Restoration’s … Restoration, or Meiji Ishin, occurred on January 3, 1868, and marked the return of the Japanese emperor to a position …
The Nuremburg Map of 1524 is the earliest known European visualization of Tenochtitlan

The Fall of Tenochtitlan

… surrendered on August 13, 1521. The war cost tens of thousands of lives, civilian and warrior alike. It was a war of atrocity, massacre, and systematic violence. By the end, a few thousandSouth & Central America …
Illustration of Packing Room in Opium Factory at Patna, India

The World of Opium: From “Free” to Illicit Trade

Review of Opium’s Long Shadow: From Asian Revolt to Global Drug Control , by Steffen Rimner (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 2018)
… of Chinese defeat in the face of British imperial power and commercial interests. China wanted to stem the flow of … trade” in pursuit of vast profits. China lost the battle and opium continued to flow. But by the First World War … When the League of Nations came into being in 1920, nations and empires began to prioritize anti-drug trafficking laws …
Captured soldiers along the march with their hands tied behind their backs

The Bataan Death March

… Although Americans today may take the tactical and operational brilliance of their military forces for … of the Bataan Death March. Following strategic surprise and defeats at Pearl Harbor , Guam, Wake Island, the Java Sea, and Singapore, the surrender of tens of …
photos of people who died during Rwandan genocide

The Extermination of a Nation: The Genocide in Rwanda

Grade Level
9-12
Teaching Area
World History since 1500
War & Peace
… This lesson plan focuses on the genocide in Rwanda that occurred in 1994 when the Hutu government targeted the Tutsi population and Hutu moderates who were against the government. Students … teacher will assess their learning with a check for understanding. Once completed with the assessment, the students …
Bartolome de las Casas

Bartolomé de las Casas and 500 Years of Racial Injustice

Las Casas became an important figure in the development of ideas of human rights.
… Bartolomé de las Casas, sickened by the exploitation and physical degradation of the indigenous peoples in the … Spanish colonies of the Caribbean, gave up his extensive land holdings and slaves and traveled to his homeland in Spain in 1515 to … South & Central America …
Nixon shakes hands with Chinese leader Mao Zedong.

Nixon and China, Bush and Cuba?

… in 1972. The president in that year was also a Republican, and a man who had made his political reputation as a … But Nixon surprised almost everybody by visiting China and meeting with its leaders. In many ways Nixon was the … attention as a congressional investigator of communism and communists. As president he expanded and intensified the …
Mexican flag in a square

Una Postal de la Ciudad de México

… pero sus residentes dejaron dos enormes pirámides demostrando su fuerza e inteligencia. La Pirámide de la Luna. La de … dios, llamado Huitzilopochtli, les dio instrucciones de abandonar su hogar en busca de uno nuevo. Ellos se darían … de su nuevo hogar al ser testigos de una águila devorando una serpiente sobre un nopal. La leyenda dice que …
The logo for the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda.

Genocide and Justice in Rwanda

… The logo for the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda. On September 2, 1998, the first conviction for the … in 1945 was to draft the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, a framework for … United Nations finalized the text of the Convention in 1948 and it entered into legal force in 1951 after the requisite …
Cover of Guantánamo, USA The Untold History of America's Cuban Outpost by Stephen Irving Max Schwab.

Guantanamo For Beginners

Review of Guantanamo, USA: The Untold History of America's Cuban Outpost, by Stephen Irving Max Schwab (University Press of Kansas, 2009)
… the most infamous places on earth.  In the United States and across much of the globe many see Guantanamo Bay as … Terror:"  habeas corpus violations, human rights violations and torture   Few, however, have any sense of the history of … Bay, how the United States came to own a piece of Cuba, and how that naval base has functioned over the past …
El 5 de julio por S. Davies, Flickr, CC BY-NC-ND 2.0

What’s Really At Stake in the Venezuelan Election

… the United States has the opportunity to support democracy and allow the Venezuelan people to decide the fate of their … of American States, the Carter Center, the European Union, and thousands of international electoral observers, there should be … South & Central America …
Someone's hand holding a paper strip up to a Guatemalan woman's arm. The woman's arm has a white strip on it.

The Guatemala Inoculation Experiments

Between 1946-1948, around 1,500 people in Guatemala—including prisoners, soldiers, prostitutes, psychiatric patients, and children—were enrolled without consent in unethical studies related to the testing and treatment of sexually transmitted infections.
… us of the dangers involved in allowing scientific knowledge and national security to justify what the  New York Times  … Breyfogle. Video production by Cody Patton, Laura Seeger, and Dr. Nicholas B. Breyfogle.   … prisoners, soldiers, prostitutes, psychiatric patients, and children—were enrolled without consent in unethical …
paper with AIDS text on it

AIDS Education in Bombay's Red Light District

… districts, he witnessed many of the cultural, economic and :institutional forces that unwittingly help to spread … of social workers to stem the ever advancing tide of HIV, and the lives of the prostitutes caught m between. by Brad … a past that never offered much hope. Born to a prostitute and raised in a brothel, her cost them business. Maronesha …
Mao proclaiming establishment of PRC.

The Establishment of the People’s Republic of China and Its Impacts

… on the rostrum of Tian’anmen (The Gate of Heavenly Peace) and announced the establishment of the  People’s Republic of … era of foreign domination since the mid-18th century and of frequent governmental upheavals after 1911.  Mao Zedong and the Communist Party’s Rise to Victory During the 1920s …
Juan and Evita Perón standing in a car waving, a soldier on horseback is beside the car

The Birth of Peronism

On October 17, 1945, hundreds of thousands of Juan Perón's supporters clogged the streets of Buenos Aires marking a consequential moment in Argentina’s history and the birth of Peronism.
… , or shirtless ones, marching through the streets and hundreds of thousands of supporters clogging the plaza and the avenue connecting the Casa Rosada and the national … On October 17, 1945, hundreds of thousands of Juan Perón's supporters clogged the streets of …
FLN soldiers next to an Algerian Flag, by Zdravki Pecar, CC BY-SA 4.0

The Evian Accords: An Uncertain Peace

On Sunday, 18 March 1962, the Algerian War for Independence came to an end.
… its role in diplomatic history: Evian-les-Bains. Written by Andrew H. Bellisari. Narration by Dr. Nicholas B. Breyfogle. … production by Katherine Weiss, Dr. Nicholas B. Breyfogle, and Laura Seeger.  … Andrew H. Bellisari … Africa
Meiji Constitution promulgation by Toyohara Chikanobu, 1889.

Japan’s Meiji Restoration

… Restoration, or Meiji Ishin, occurred on January 3, 1868, and marked the return of the Japanese emperor to a position … had ruled Japan since 1600. The collapse of the Tokugawa and handover to the new Meiji regime was swift and largely … East Asia & Southeast Asia …
Chinese EVA spacesuit "Feitian".

China’s Manned Space Program: an Opportunity for Cooperation

… around the earth? If past experiences are any guide, fear and excitement will dominate reactions in the United States. … That feat sparked waves of panic about American military and technological vulnerability and led president John F. Kennedy to commit the United …
Fidel Castro during a visit to Washington.

Why Economic Sanctions Often Fail

… out for concrete agreements between his administration and European leaders. What's more, the history of economic … have done nothing to soften Cuba's anti-American stance, and they have failed since their inception to attract the … Kennedy further tightened sanctions by restricting travel and trade to the island, but these restrictions did little …
The Dalai Lama speaking in front of Tibet's flag.

A New Chance for Peace in Tibet

… most vexing problems: the status of Tibet.  Next to Taiwan and Hong Kong, Tibet remains China’s greatest challenge, domestically and internationally. Instead of the peace, stability and economic development to which both Chinese and Tibetans … East Asia & Southeast Asia …