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Motorcycle and sidecar with an advertisement for the Popolo d'Italia newspaper.

A Media King Becomes Prime Minister (Again)

… and undertake giant public works. He manipulates his media empire to thrust his image into every nook and cranny of the … his fortune and the operations of his vast secret offshore empires. There was an array of serious charges, including …
The Nuremburg Map of 1524 is the earliest known European visualization of Tenochtitlan

The Fall of Tenochtitlan

… cities of the early modern world, the seat of the Aztec Empire. Of the devastation, one Nahuatl poem composed … to Indigenous peoples in the Americas toppled a tyrannical empire. This Cortésian fable resonated with generations of …
Cover of Vodka Politics by Mark Lawrence Schrad

Bottoms Up, or Race to the Bottom?

Review of Vodka Politics: Alcohol, Autocracy, and the Secret History of the Russian State, by Mark Lawrence Schrad (New York: Oxford UP, 2014)
… the extent of vodka’s influence across the history of the empire has been utterly tragic. Drunken feasts accompanied … Russian thirst for alcohol – and both were ousted as their empires collapsed. Anyone who has studied Russian culture …
Chinese manufactured goods, like this jar from the Ming dynasty, were highly desired trade items.

Borne by the Waves: The Ocean’s Role in Global Trade

Review of The Boundless Sea: A Human History of the Oceans, by David Abulafia (Oxford University Press, 2019)
… claim that the trading networks that supported vast empires were often created and maintained by ocean-going … trading prowess clear when explaining that the Portuguese Empire emerged from a network of trading posts. One of the …

Refugees or Immigrants? The Migration Crisis in Europe in Historical Perspective

… in human history, going back to the Iron Age and the great empires of antiquity. During the age of European … follow pre-established political and social networks (of empire and diasporic communities), and occupy employment … one historian to describe the situation there as “a whole empire walking.” Continuing conflict between Turkey and …
Haze obscuring image of rooftops in China

The Greening of China?

… And what allowed him to create China's legendary first empire was his ability to drain wetlands, build levees, … that there has been conflict between the Chinese Empire and its pastoralist neighbors, the Loess Plateau is …
Portrait of Galileo Galilei by Justus Sustermans

400 Years Ago the Catholic Church Prohibited Copernicanism

What lessons can be learned from the thought and actions of Galileo, who became the “Father of Modern Science”?
… astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543) published On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres. This book elaborated … to Scripture. It prohibited the reading of Copernicus’s Revolutions , and banned a book published in 1615 by Paolo …

Who Owns the Nile? Egypt, Sudan, and Ethiopia’s History-Changing Dam

… built in the river to measure water heights). Successive empires of Pharaohs, Greeks, Romans, Christian Copts, and … and epidemics. The irrigation projects of the 19th century Ottoman ruler Mohammad Ali allowed year-around cultivation, … was in Aksum, a city-state that controlled a large empire from the Ethiopian highlands across the Red Sea to …
Cover of With Our Backs to the Wall Victory and Defeat in 1918 by David Stevenson.

The End of the War as They Knew It

Review of With Our Backs to the Wall: Victory and Defeat in 1918, by David Stevenson (Cambridge, M.A.: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2011)
Political prisoners in Kengir, Kazakhstan

Alexander Solzhenitsyn

… represented a second country superimposed on the Soviet empire, an “archipelago” in which each camp was an island …