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… the world, which supply global agriculture with one of its most important commodities: synthetic fertilizer. In the process, the … health agencies, dentists, and numerous others in the medical and scientific community. As with many chemical … Public Health, Disease, and Medicine …

… on infectious disease in human history. The newly formed World Health Organization (WHO), in collaboration with … vaccines , and insecticides like DDT were among the most important. But without the will and commitment on the part of governments, health care … Public Health, Disease, and Medicine …

… in biomedicine in recent years. Three of our “deadly companions.” Poliovirus ( left ), Influenza ( center ), and … to date, the global influenza pandemic of 1918 . For most of human history, our relationship with deadly microbes … a record 12 to 18 months. A drive through COVID-19 testing site in Louisiana, 2020. To date the fastest vaccine …

… their heads in prayer. Barely five meters away on the opposite shore, two Jordanian soldiers looked on from the shelter of a reed-covered platform – no visitors had come to visit their side of the river yet that day. As the … muddy water, which reached only to his thighs, so that he almost had to lie down to immerse himself fully. He emerged …

… began in 1817 and continue to this day, cholera ravaged communities and strained political and economic orders … remains endemic in South Asia, areas of Africa, and, most recently, Haiti . When cholera raged in the 19 th century, the disease vexed medical specialists and other analysts. They questioned how …

… a feast day, the brothers sneak to the revenant’s gravesite and dig up his corpse. What they see horrifies them: … inspired medieval legends of the restless dead? As with most history, no single answer suffices. These stories grew … by a revenant or vampire, they can turn to the most trusted, time-tested methods of disposal: staking, …

… The first international public health  organization  was formed in the Americas. The Pan American Sanitary Bureau … epidemiological data on infectious diseases, and offer recommendations on sanitation. The OIPH would later become a … in the late 1950s and concluded that malaria was “the most expensive disease” (in terms of mitigation and lost …

… twentieth century: the influenza pandemic of 1918-1919, the most widespread and fatal in recorded history. That pandemic … prevent, the next pandemic. The viruses that affect humans come in many types, and their impact on human communities … lacked the ability to produce the vaccine in the requisite quantities, and what it did produce appeared to cause …

… good that claim he launched an unexpectedly successful armed raid through the French countryside beginning at … of the character of Henry V and his conduct of one of the most famous campaigns of the Hundred Years War. Barker … unalloyed sense of justification: She announces that the outcome of the battle of Agincourt showed "God had chosen to …

… already been showing up in recent history. Millennials have come of age hearing they are the first generation in … work. Adams did not acknowledge that these opportunities mostly went to white Protestants, with the hard work and the … and enslaved African Americans lived with the cruelest opposite of the American Dream. Their abilities brought sneers …

… for the Humanities. Any views, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this content do not necessarily … of the Roman Empire and the start of the Middle Ages. Her most recent book examines daily life in this period. And … These were all important military ports, Boston, being a site where troops were deployed from the American …

… her famous wax museum. Yet, for all of his exploits he is most remembered not for what he did, but how he was found. … went missing in Africa on an expedition and was presumed lost. Morton Stanley, a reporter for the New York … The writer Walter Benjamin once suggested that "History decomposes into images, not narratives" and Clare Pettitt …

… point, patients are left scrambling to find oxygen, medication, and hospital beds. The official daily death toll … patients’ access to lifesaving medical assistance, all compounded by the emergence of a new variant that may be … reasons, early public health initiatives, which consisted mostly of environmental measures such as sanitation, focused …

… government to mount a rescue operation, the whereabouts of most of the girls remain unknown. On May 5, 2014, following … The consensus among many academics, journalists, and commentators is that Boko Haram is an Islamist organization … from Mali, North Africa, Egypt, and the Saharan oases visited the region of West and Central Africa known as …

… the cable news networks waited to report the outcome … and waited and waited and waited. Much to the … the Queen’s Hall. The 18th had not been an uneventful day. Most serious for the British, Indian nationalist rebels , … hard to limit the news production capabilities of the new medium. Before 1927, the BBC could not transmit news before …

… on the pharmaceutical industry, the hospital industry, the medical profession, and private health insurance, Field … Field’s chapter on pharmaceutical drugs is perhaps his most convincing. Taxol, in particular, the best-selling … that translates to the future of American health care comes in his final chapter. “Health care cannot function,” …

… than a hundred years, and has been shaped by some of the most important trends of the 20th century: from European … the globalization and economic neoliberalism that transformed the global economy in the late twentieth century. On … treat and prevent it.   Eric Michael Rhodes   In the West. Most of us think of HIV AIDS as a phenomenon that began in …

… sectarian divide in the Islamic world. However, given the media's pathetic inability to explain the nature of Sunni … in the Islamic world and the reasons why they have become so explosive in Iraq, it is hardly surprising that … of the carnage is largely limited to a sense that most Arabic religious terms begin with the letter S. Yet the …

… Pirates seem to have suddenly become popular in early modern history. Recently,  titles such … of legal texts and sensationalist accounts written, for the most part, by others, which cast them as criminals, … Pirates and Greek Merchants: A Maritime History of the Mediterranean , Molly Greene of Princeton University claims …

… and extensive childhood vaccination campaigns are among the most important public health achievements of the past 200 … child as a man stands outside with a cow (from the Wellcome Trust). The term vaccination comes from variolae … in 1802, rendering them cow-like. Jenner was, however, immediately faced with a basic problem. Cowpox was a seasonal …

… an important legacy of the Soviet war experience and the media and propaganda programs of the Stalinist regime. In … forces highlighting Jewish suffering would have meant combatting anti-Semitism among their own population. … news was not accessible to the majority of the population. Most importantly, Stalin and his closest officials monitored …

… century the dead bodies themselves became precious commodities because the dissection of human cadavers for … had become an essential element of training in Europe's medical schools. This sort of research was legally … when direct knowledge of anatomy had become a prerequisite for obtaining employment after medical school. …