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British Fleet Spanish Armada of 1588

1588: the Spanish Armada Still Loses

… finally clashed. Looking beyond the events of 1588 to the complex politics which made war between England and Spain … Dr. Nicholas Breyfogle   Welcome to 1588: The Spanish Armada Still Loses, brought to you … but what really clinched it was the 1000 gold and silver coins, the 12 gold rings, the six gold chains and the 35 …
illustration of woman getting cow pox variolation

Top Ten Origins: Vaccination

… child as a man stands outside with a cow (from the Wellcome Trust). The term vaccination comes from variolae vaccinae , or “smallpox of the cow,” … The close relationship between smallpox and cowpox was common lore in the eighteenth century. We have accounts of …
Rodin's "The Thinker"

Reaching Beyond the Ivory Tower

… Patrick Potyondy   Welcome to History Talk , the history podcast for everyone, … because there is no school which you might go in order to become one. There are no certificates of validation that … right.   Jessica Adler    I'm Jessica Adler , currently a visiting researcher at Tufts University and I'll be starting …

Population Bomb? The Debate over Indian Population

… the early nineteenth century, when the British East India Company controlled an increasing swath of territory across the subcontinent, Company officials pronounced that large and expanding … People eating, people washing, people sleeping. People visiting, arguing, and screaming. People thrusting their …
The almshouse at Woburn, Bedfordshire, England

Top Ten Origins: Housing the Poor

… in Silicon Valley (where even people with six-figure incomes may qualify for housing subsidies) have attracted … once a Roman fortress and by the Middle Ages an important commercial center. As the city grew, so did its population … of Homeowners: Ciudad Kennedy President John F. Kennedy visits El Techo housing project, Bogotá, Colombia, 1961 On …
Marchers for the Equal Rights Amount, holding banner that reads "Equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of sex"

The Equal Rights Amendment: Then and Now

… Brenna Miller  Welcome to History Talk , the podcast that brings together a … State Senate passed an ERA resolution and is poised to become the first state to ratify the amendment since Indiana … happen legislatively and congressionally if we do have to revisit this 35 state versus 38 state timeframe. I agree, of …

Requiem: Detroit and the Fate of Urban America

… the phalanx of government programs that made our world comfortable: the labor laws that gave our fathers the … Race We knew about race, of course. Though we lived in a completely white neighborhood, there was no way to avoid … crying. We'll still talk, we tell each other. We'll come to visit. Nothing will change. And we believe what we're …
Royal Irish Rifles in foxhole at Battle of the Somme, 1916

Legacies of the Great War

… of U.S. entry into World War I. But, as the world commemorates the centennial of the war, U.S. events have … us to learn why World War I is remembered so differently in combatant countries, what the war's most important … the major battles in the Western Front, 70 out of 85 French divisions fought there. So this was really sort of this …
Statue and Ukrainian Flag

The Russian Invasion of Ukraine

… Angela Brintlinger: Hello, and welcome to the Russian Invasion of Ukraine brought to you by … I know you just returned from there recently. What types of communication are possible among Ukrainians and between … once the Ukrainian Patriarchate was founded, you have a division in the population. The Moscow Patriarchate was part …

Playing Politics: Olympic Controversies Past and Present

… other hand, speak piously of keeping politics out of sports competition. I am frequently asked, "Must politics be a part … feeling." The former president of the International Olympic Committee (IOC), Juan Samaranch, declared on American TV: … first or second in the world, or even to take part in such competition, is a tremendous honor, and sports fans do enjoy …
Plate of enchiladas at a Mexican restaurant.

Mexican Food in the United States

… Powder  The food tradition of the American Southwest has come about through various populations’ contributions over … now-patented Eagle Chili Powder two years later in 1896.  Companies such as Gebhardt’s and Walker’s Austex Chile … and Birria Landia, it is a draw for locals but also invites visitors to experience Mexican food, reflecting the careful …
Djiboutian workers fill bags with wheat destined for Ethiopia, provided by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), at the Port of Djibouti, Africa, Jan. 7, 2013.

The Birth and Death of USAID

… in the beginning of 2025, still working in the name of the commitment that President John F. Kennedy had made in 1961 … address, “for whatever period is required—not because the Communists may be doing it, not because we seek their votes, … consider the internationalist impulse that drove the U.S. commitment to fight misery and poverty in other places.  …

As Cuba and the United States Reengage: The Presence of the Past

… without understanding what preceded it. “There is a complicated history between the United States and Cuba,” … the desire to leave “behind the legacy of colonization and communism,” concluding with the recognition that “change is … Shortly after becoming Prime Minister of Cuba, Fidel Castro visits the Lincoln Memorial during a trip to the United …

Re-mapping American Politics: The Redistricting Revolution Fifty Years Later

… thereby over-ruling earlier decisions that courts were not competent to decide such political questions. Two years … the rapidly growing majority of urban dwellers (often newcomers to the state, immigrants from southern and eastern … culture, which is partly the result of a fairly equal division of the statewide electorate between Democrats and …

Populism and Anti-Americanism in Modern Latin America

… Brazil and Chile, are not populists. Consequently, the most common definition of populism in political science today … to "the people." In other words, populism is a way of competing in elections and governing once in office that … that the U.S. feels it can work with. The most important visit by President Bush was to Brazil. Brazilian President …

Syria's Islamic Movement and the 2011-12 Uprising

… population walked out of the Istanbul meeting as well, complaining that the SNC had no intention of setting up a … or excesses, and ensure equitable representation of all components of society." The Covenant envisaged the … the organization's reputation among the general public. Divisions inside the leadership over whether or not to …

Avoiding the Scourge of War: The Challenges of United Nations Peacekeeping

… On July 1, 2011, the United Nations welcomed its newest member. South Sudan's January referendum on … the world of U.N. peacekeeping's inconsistencies, shortcomings, and mounting challenges. Despite the presence of … the various nationalist leaders and the charges of ethnic division. [Read Origins for more on the conflict in the …
Graffiti on wall: "Broken Promises"

Jefferson Cowie on Deindustrialization, Trade, and the 2016 Presidential Election

… to stop bad trade deals and global special interests, we welcome you with open arms, perhaps sensing an opportunity with … So stay tuned to History Talk.   Jefferson Cowie , welcome to History Talk. political candidates of all stripes … very, you know, very much based on a traditional domestic division of labor, where women would go out into the …
Various sedimentary rock strata are visible in many areas of Badlands National Park.

Ten Moments of Insight in America’s National Parks

… the intellect with emotion and place. You can follow our common fight for independence and creating and keeping a … and headed to the Lamar Valley, it was like entering a completely different park. The traffic drops off and the … (and the only one outside of Alaska) that truly demands visitors be self-reliant. It also demands something more …
Raising a Flag over the Reichstag by Yevgeny Khaldei (1945).

The Living Ghosts of the Second World War and the Russian Invasion of Ukraine

… and Neo-Nazis” who, backed by their NATO allies, were committing “genocide” against Russians.  In justifying the … NATO-backed “Nazi” aggression, which Putin implicitly compared to the Nazi Holocaust against the Jews. In Putin’s … of the Estonian veterans of the 20 th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS a few months later, tarring Estonians as …

The Question of Refugees: Past and Present

… face an uncertain future in the sprawling Dadaab camp complex in Kenya barely register on the radar of the global … An image widely used to raise funds for the Armenian Relief Committee. The widowed Amenian woman and her children walked … Christians from Anatolia and Muslims from Greece. This compulsory exchange of people in the pursuit of ethnic and …

Treaties and Sovereign Performances, from Westphalia to Standing Rock

… Bakken oil-shale region in western North Dakota to a tank complex in Illinois. Its route crosses the Missouri River … the Meskwaki (Fox) Nation of Iowa. Theirs has nonetheless become the most dramatic demonstration against the project, … like the American Fourth of July, a time to dress up, visit friends and relatives, socialize, and feast. …
A pro-union demonstration in Romania, 2009. The flag translates to "Moldova Our Sister"

Moldova and Romania: A Long and Complicated Relationship

… Anderson famously defined nationalism as an “imagined community” binding together a widespread group of people … year, the territory that is today the Republic of Moldova—comprising the majority of the region known then as … was both the first foreign leader to congratulate Sandu and visit her in Chișinău.  The two presidents have held at …
Mushroom cloud over the Bikini Atoll

Nuclear Tensions, Nuclear Weapons, and a Long History of Nuclear War

… about nuclear weapons and who has them? How did the U.S. become so central in efforts to control them? And how can past … Brenna Miller Welcome to History Talk , the podcast that brings together a … the Soviet Union, the Soviet Union has so many more armor divisions in Europe, and so US nuclear weapons in Western …