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… the country, his own books, articles, and op-ed pieces accomplished nothing. Yet his declaration denies the real … Vietnam, ultimately rising to the rank of colonel before becoming an academic. A conservative, he nevertheless became … of U.S. troops in Iraq as they shift the mission from combat to support. Even the Senate Republican leader, Mitch …

… for current president Joseph Kabila to step down. It has become a cliché to contrast the Congo’s tremendous economic … the start of a long dispute over economic decolonization. Future Prime Minister Patrice Lumumba showing the injuries … his troops (a significant percentage of whom were child soldiers), reached the capital of Kinshasa in a mere seven …

… shaped in the Cold War to forces ready for an uncertain future. Instead of being prepared to fight a massive tank … believed, the U.S. military services had to become flexible and mobile enough to meet smaller and more … centuries. It is believed in Army circles that only a soldier on the ground can take and hold land. High technology …

… trade, encouraging the development of the European common market and paying the lion’s share for NATO, the … supporting right-wing dictatorships in the name of halting communism, but also saw the United States as a defender of … is increasingly blurred as allies and former enemies have come to regard the United States much as European nations …

… be said, it’s shameful.” These are the words of a French soldier, Raymond Dumas, who witnessed torture during France’s … These French units exploited the unclear lines of their own command authority to act somewhat independently of the rest … were often tortured; if they tried to escape, French soldiers were allowed to shoot to kill. It is imperative that …

… expands our list of enemies and defines any potential competitor as a mortal threat. The national insecurity state … As president, Eisenhower urged the nation to expect the communist enemy to be around for 20, 50 or 60 years. In … is enough. Ira Chernus is a professor of religious studies at the University of Colorado at Boulder and a writer …

… himself. Which won’t be so bad. Obama’s already an accomplished memoirist. He evidently prefers to be his own …

… in the first five books of the Old Testament.  It was common throughout ancient India, the Middle East, Africa, … and celibate was the best way to serve the Lord. In the medieval European hierarchy of female virtue, the unmarried … was an authority relationship rather than a love one. In medieval Europe, and in the New England colonies of America, …

… Korean President Moon Jae-in on August 2, 2019. “We have come this far today by overcoming countless hardships. Just … slavery by the military to provide “comfort” to Japanese soldiers at “comfort stations” dispersed throughout Japan’s … and collaborate on building a more cooperative, common future. U.S. President Donald J. Trump, Chairman of the …

… the charge went, this crime against the past was being committed by leftist academics out of touch with their … agency, the National Historical Publications and Records Commission, decided late in 1996, by a one-vote margin, to … Since 1934, NHPRC funds have been indispensable to the complex and time-consuming process of unearthing, editing, …

… barley ( left ) and hops ( right ) are the acceptable ingredients in beer according to the  Reinheitsgebot.   Half a … a city in present-day Bavaria, limited the acceptable ingredients in beer to “barley, hops, and water.” At the time, a … the price of beer per Maß (a Bavarian liter) and to limit competition for cereal grains used to bake bread. A …

… of nuclear weapons. Paul W. Tibbets Jr., retired brigadier general and former businessman, died on Nov. 1. He'll forever be remembered for what he … the first to use it, we had adopted an ethical standard common to the barbarians of the Dark Ages. I was not taught …

… 2016, Hillary Rodham Clinton secured enough delegates to become the Democratic nominee for president of the United … women who have run for president, several others have come within striking distance of the nation’s top post … to the presidency. Maybe, if a female candidate embodied these historical trends and characteristics, 2016 might …

… this end, the Bush administration is now deciding America’s future international security strategy and the size and … and means to maintain its present overseas positions and commitments, it will fail, as did Great Britain in the late … cuts in defense might render the United States unwilling to commit forces to one region in fear of leaving other regions …

… indefensibility of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima is becoming a part of the national conservative creed." But times … In recent decades most American conservatives have become uncritical of America's use of atomic weapons and … and profoundly offensive to all Americans and Japanese who died in that war, and to those Americans who still possess …

… William Colby has become a more or less forgotten figure in the turbulent … Vietnam. The South Vietnamese regime headed by Ngo Dinh Diem was problematic from the American perspective. Because … policies of the Ngo government. They urged Diem to adopt some sort of popular program to counter that …

… legacy and identity, verifying truth, and even forging community. Recipes were not only for the creation of tasty … trial and error to find cures for a variety of maladies (215-6). Authors of these texts wrote down their … experience allows us to verify the past and create the future. And she prompts us to consider that the domestic …

… to give black men full citizenship. For that much, Bush and company can claim a worthy lineage. But as early as 1876 — … a vigorous civil rights bill, but the legislation almost died because of a Senate filibuster by Southern Democrats. … Arizona Sen. Barry Goldwater and Texas Senate aspirant and future President George H.W. Bush. Goldwater and Bush …

… in the polls among GOP voters precisely because he is so comfortable mixing politics and religion. He presents a … the kind of bigotry American Catholics have tried to overcome. What may be less familiar is that Santorum’s brand of … Catholicism which insists on the “teaching authority” of bishops and popes — has just as much contempt for Protestants. …

… Professor, Department of Women’s, Gender and Sexuality Studies Peter Mansoor, Professor and General Raymond E. Mason … Margaret Newell: Welcome! Thank you for joining us today for the “First 100 Days … an associate professor of Women's, Gender, and Sexuality Studies at OSU. She is a 2020-21 ACLS/Mellon Scholars and …

… miles in a straight line).  Plans for the women’s flight commenced three months earlier in August 1938. Valeriy … date to late September. By the time she recovered, a state commission recommended canceling the flight due to poor … 15. Shevchenko, Nikolay, “How Three Soviet Women Nearly Died Chasing their Aviation Dream, Gateway to Russia , …

… Musicals are the quintessential American dramatic art form, combining spoken dialogue with music, song, and dance. For … together a succession of musical numbers to entertain the audience. Narrative took a backseat to spectacle. Although … when his administration founded a public school to train future actors, artists, and musicians in 1936 – today the …

… to apartheid exploded—among students, workers, and communities.  The Soweto Uprising inspired other Black … present reconstruction(s)," Journal of African Cultural Studies, 19 (2007), 7–36. Nieftagodien, Noor. The Soweto Uprising (Ohio Short Histories of …

… for the virus and denied the possibility of extensive community spread among the Soviet population—offers a … Moscow, 1987. The number of infected was initially low in comparison to the USA, where the virus was spreading more … Soviet Union. The Ministry of Health, the USSR’s all-encompassing health and wellness institution, also stated that …