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The Education of Little Tree by Forest Carter book cover.

Fake Autobiographies: A Great American Tradition

… Let's stop wringing our hands over the recent rash of fake autobiographies. James Frey and … give us the cliches we want about life on the margins. Only when we end our romance with what we imagine is authentic … touring as a speaker for the Anti-Slavery Society in 1841, was told by abolitionist leader William Garrison not to …
Bust of Abraham Lincoln.

Getting Wrong with Lincoln

… dream about. He’s rewritten a part of American history. The Hollywood actor recently capped a bizarre speech to … member of the Whig and then Republican parties, Lincoln was a thoroughly committed advocate for the development of … system. But if anything, an actor knows a good line when he hears one — and Beatty must have understood that his …
Dick Cheney in 2003.

The Vice President: Heir Apparent in American Politics

When George S. Kaufman, Morrie Ryskind and Ira and George Gershwin wrote "Of Thee I Sing" in 1931, they created a vice president named … Throttlebottom, whose relationship with government was so tenuous that he saw the White House for the first …
Plumes of smoke billow from the World Trade Center towers in Lower Manhattan, New York City, after a Boeing 767 hits each tower during the September 11 attacks.

Security May Be Too Expensive

The United States is in its third week of a war with no … wiretaps to a specific phone number is obsolete in an age when people commonly  have multiple telephones and e-mail. … repression only to find later that the targeted population was little or no threat. When John Adams believed the nation …
Florida Supreme Court during the 2000 presidential election recount.

Disputed Elections: An American Tradition

… political analysts claim that without quick resolution of the current presidential election, Americans will lose all … As members of Virginia's lower House of Assembly, George Washington and Thomas Jefferson themselves "intervened" in … reveals thousands of pages devoted to contested elections. When elections were questioned, common sense, rather than …
Indian bicycle troops are pictured at the Somme in 1916

The Amritsar Massacre

… “Divide and Rule” was the motto of British colonialism in India . 1919 saw a classic example of this policy in action when hundreds of unarmed, peaceful civilians in Punjab were …

Hong Kong in Protest

… In the renowned Hong Kong crime thriller Infernal Affairs … to the People’s Republic of China  (PRC). The bill was introduced after Chan Tong-kai murdered his girlfriend, … the Yue peoples, who controlled the region until 111 BCE when the Chinese Han Empire conquered it. From that point …
Mosul Grand Mosque in 2007

Bush Needs War — FAST

… inspectors be given months or even a year to complete further investigations in that country, President George W. … outlets at the time for discussion of political issues. When American military action expanded in Vietnam in 1965, … prospects for conflict in the Middle East. This volatility was particularly evident when prospects for peace improved. …
Cartoon in Punch, 1906.

For Iraq, a Lesson from Africa

… to look in such an unlikely place. But it turns out that there's much to learn about how to handle the Iraqi quagmire … provide patronage and line the pockets of an elite. Nowhere was this noxious trend more pervasive than in what was then … the rest is where it gets hard. That is especially true when the people who would be free have spent their entire …
Gettysburg Museum and Visitor Center display.

America Needs New Words on Sept. 11

… To mark the first anniversary of the Sept. 11 attacks, both … for the people shall not perish from the earth.” Lincoln was saying that the best way to honor the country’s brave … was addressing Congress and the nation on January 6, 1941, when Germany cast its shadow over Europe and Japan loomed …

The Illegalization of Marijuana: A Brief History

… On the first day of 2014, Colorado became the first state to … marijuana is expected to be offered for sale in Washington State later this year. Recently, the District of … danger of these drugs or the effectiveness of prohibition. When New York Mayor Fiorello LaGuardia and the New York …
Cover of Song of Wrath The Peloponnesian War Begins by J. E. Lendon.

A Time For War

Review of Song of Wrath: The Peloponnesian War Begins, by J.E. Lendon (Basic Books, New York, 2010)
… J.E. Lendon's  Song of Wrath: The Peloponnesian War Begins   excellently blends popular … Greek life, particularly the Peloponnesian War. Thucydides was so enveloped in this concept, argues Lendon, because it … sense of wrath followed by exacting revenge. Only when revenge had been achieved, the Greeks believed, could …
Gemini 4 astronaut Ed White in open space, 1965.

Human Spaceflight Began Fifty Years Ago This Month, But Not Much Has Happened Lately

… century ago on April 12, 1961, Russian Yuri Gagarin became the first person to reach outer space and orbit the Earth. … years later the Space Race ended in an American victory when Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin stepped onto the moon. … for human space flight.   Racing to the moon in the 1960s was possible for two reasons:  First, major military …
Lockheed u 2c aircraft Image from Public domain images website

Brandishing Nukes–A Self-Defeating Policy

The Pentagon has put out the word that the United States … “Ultimately some President might have to decide that it was his duty to strike the first blow against the USSR. You … also used nuclear threats as psychological weapons. When Communist China shelled Taiwan’s outposts on the
Seal of the Vice President of the United States.

The Vice Presidency Should Not Be an Accident Waiting to Happen

… John Adams, while serving as the nation’s first vice president, characterized his job as … there were two brothers: one ran away to sea, the other was elected vice president — and nothing was ever heard from … Southerner and, until his nomination, a lifelong Democrat. When Harrison died of pneumonia a month into his presidency, …

The Year of Africa

… Reframing the Year of Africa: Independence as a Process By Katherine … Everett The year 1960 is known as the “Year of Africa,” when 17 countries across the continent celebrated the joy, … and possibilities of independence. But liberation in Africa was more than this one moment in the global process of …
Image of a junior high school classroom from Harris & Ewing Photographs.

An Historic Opportunity in Education

… an ambitious education plan that would significantly boost the federal government’s role in public education. If his … educational results only makes sense. This is a rare moment when both Republicans and Democrats are calling for more … “A Nation At Risk: The Imperative for Educational Reform,” was made public. It detailed the educational malaise that …
typewriter

The Legacy of a Lady

… A week before the historic election of 2008, a small group of historians and journalists was invited to the White House to chat and lunch with First … it means Americans might not have appreciated her when we had her.   Our new First Lady, Michelle Obama, is …
Cygnet, Ohio, in Wood County was a booming oil town with 13 saloons and many workers when this photo was taken in 1885.

An Energy Plan for You!

… Watch out for George W. and his gas and oil pals. They’ve got an energy plan for us! White House chief … reigns and fossil fuel is still King. Not since the 1950s, when President Dwight D. Eisenhower and Republican … We Americans seem to prefer simple answers. Jimmy Carter was probably the only president to understand that supply …

Two Popes and a Primate: The Changing Face of Global Christianity

The unexpected and nearly unprecedented resignation of Pope … media star. His down-to-earth style, which included his washing the feet of two female juvenile inmates in a … Byzantine emperors to force them to adhere to Chalcedon. When the Muslims completed their conquest of Egypt in 641, …
An Armenian woman leans over her dead child near Aleppo, Syria,1915.

On the Armenian Genocide

… On April 24, 2015, much of the world will commemorate the centennial of one of the most … thousand and 1.5 million Armenian people. The result was the physical annihilation of the Armenian communities … writing on the Armenian Genocide, key questions of why and when the Ottoman authorities ordered the deportation and …